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Initiation, Eternity and the Passing Moment
GA 138

28 August 1912, Munich

Lecture IV

In order to fulfil the aims of this short course, we shall need the ideas gained in our last lecture along with others if we are to characterise what was alluded to in the lecture of the day before yesterday.

In literature you will find everywhere where mention is made of initiation that the riddle of death, so closely concerning all mankind, is, in some way or another, touched upon. In anything of the nature of records you will find allusions to how at a certain stage the initiate has to experience, in a somewhat different form, how the passing is made through the gate of death. To the occultist these records are actually founded on truth. The experiences that have to be passed through during the ascent into spiritual worlds are akin to the experiences man must undergo in the natural crossing from life in the physical body to the entirely different sheath found between death and a new birth. If we would come to the essence of this matter in the right way, we must first ask what man knows about himself in ordinary life. Such an abstract question may not be of much interest, but for an understanding of what takes place in initiates, it is necessary to focus one's attention on the question, “What does the soul consider itself to be?”

During sleep the soul does not know what it is because sleep runs its course either in a state of unconsciousness, or dreams play into it, which, to be rightly understood must be interpreted by the occultist. So, in considering the questions, “What is man? What is his soul in ordinary sense existence?” we have to do only with waking life. Now we know that in the first place there are the gateways we call our sense organs, through which the world of light and colour, sound and smell, the world of heat and cold, and so forth, stream into our souls. In the life of the senses what we call “our world” is really only a gathering up of all that streams in through these sensory gateways. Then we have the instruments of our understanding, our feeling and willing, with which to work on what meets us in the outer world. Within our soul cravings and desires arise, strivings, states of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, joy, disillusion, and so on. Were we to envisage the whole compass of what man recognises as himself, it is all this. If we want to know what the “inner world” is in ordinary life, we can in reality put forward nothing more than the whole of what has just been described. Moreover, man can also look at himself from outside. He can observe his own body. Through countless facts that need not here be dealt with in detail, he becomes aware that he must regard his body as the instrument for his waking life between birth and death. We have already touched upon the longings that play into this life. Among them is a longing to know what man really is within the limits of birth and death, the longing to issue forth from what may be called the darkness of life. But man has no direct experience in his ordinary life of the senses of how to do this. His experiences are such that the ebb and flow of impulses, cravings, sense impressions, ideas, intellectual connections, and so forth, completely fill his waking life. We can now link this to what was occupying us at the end of our last lecture.

Attention was then drawn to the way in which man, on reaching the boundary between sense existence and spirit existence, has to alter his conceptions, how he must leave behind all his thoughts about the ugly and beautiful, true and false, good and bad, as these concepts take on quite another significance and a different kind of value within the spiritual worlds. From this we can get some idea of how we must change ourselves if we would enter these worlds. Now, having considered what man knows of himself in waking life between birth and death, we can ask in relation to what was said in our last lecture, how much of all this that he knows can he take with him across the boundary where the Guardian of the Threshold stands? How much of all that he lives through and experiences in sense existence, in his impulses, desires and passions, in his feelings, ideas, and the concepts of his understanding and his judgements can he take with him across the boundary where stands the Guardian of the Threshold? It is in the first stages of initiation that man discovers that, of all that constitutes man, nothing at all can be carried over! It is neither exaggeration nor paradox but the literal truth to say that, of all that can be mentioned as belonging to man's sensory existence, he can carry over nothing at all into the spiritual world; everything must be left behind at the boundary where stands the Guardian of the Threshold.

Let us be clear on one point, however. Of all that man knows as himself in sensory existence, one thing of the greatest importance clings; that is, what actually has to do with the stages of initiation. It clings in man's love of and delight in it all, to which it is quite inappropriate to apply the usual rather unsympathetic concept of egoism. We cannot meet the case simply by saying that a man must lay aside his egoism in order to pass over selflessly into the region of the spiritual world. That is easy to say. This egoism, in the finer and more hidden parts of its nature, is intimately connected with what we may not only egoistically hold to be of value in life, but must hold to be of value because through it we are men in the world in which we have to maintain ourselves. We are men through our ability to hold together what we experience, to reflect upon it in a certain way, and to live it through. All this makes us the men we are. Whatever we can do worthily in the ordinary life of the senses, we carry through because we foster this faculty of holding together what we experience in our personality, in our individuality. If we did not value our experience, we should become idle, dull, and achieve nothing for the ordinary world. It would therefore be superficial to say that egoism should always be looked upon as harmful because in its finer composition it represents the force that drives man on in the world in which he has incarnated. Nevertheless, all this must be laid aside; it must remain behind and be discarded for the simple reason that it is not suited to the world we have to enter. As our physical body is hardly adapted for a bath in molten iron at 900 degrees centigrade, what we call “our self,” with all that we love in ordinary life, is ill-adapted for the spiritual world. It must be left behind; if it were not we should experience something resembling the effect a bath of molten iron would have on a physical body. We should not be able to stand it but would be completely destroyed!

A thought may now occur to you that is quite natural but nevertheless has to be grasped and felt in all its depth. This thought is, “If I am now to lay aside all that I am, all that I can talk of in the life of my senses, what at long last, actually remains of me? Is there anything left of myself to enter the spiritual world if I have to cast myself aside?” It is a fact that man can take nothing with him into the super-sensible worlds of all that he recognises as himself; all that he can take is something of which in the ordinary world he knows nothing, something that is in him without his knowledge, that is lying in the depths of his soul as the hidden elements of his being. These must be so strong that out of them he can take into spiritual worlds all of which he will be in need when he has to lay aside what he knows. Thoroughly to grasp this thought, or rather this feeling, you must connect what has just been said with the customary thoughts about death. In ordinary sensory life it is only natural for a man to love what he recognises as himself. Because he knows nothing further of himself over and above his longing for immortality, he has a longing to keep hold of what he has loved in sense existence. His dread of the spiritual world can be so great that it becomes the acme of fear because of the thought, “You are going where all is unsubstantial and unknown; you do not even know whether you can preserve yourself there because all that you know must be lost to you!”

Now it is part of initiation that the elements of being that lie in the hidden depths of the soul should be drawn up while still in sensory life and brought to consciousness. This is partly achieved by the means described in Knowledge of the Higher Worlds and Its Attainment, by raising into consciousness from the depths of the soul experiences that come forth like a condensed and strengthened soul life. This condensed and strengthened life of soul, of which we otherwise know nothing, can pass over into the spiritual world. We thereby prepare ourselves by meditation and concentration, by what is called in The Guardian of the Threshold the “attitude of soul that is strengthened by thought,” so that we are able to take something with us into the spiritual world, and to be something there.

But what happens then to all we have laid aside? Now this is something extraordinarily important. To begin with, if we would put it pictorially, it may really be said that what one talks about in sensory life, all that we know, is laid aside and left with the Guardian of the Threshold at the boundary, just as if it were the soul's clothing that was cast off before the crossing into the spiritual world. Pictorially speaking, that is quite correct. Initiation, however, necessitates that not only should this happen, but something else as well. One's self and all that one has must, indeed, be laid aside, yet something of it must be carried on. Were it not so we should lose all connection with the one and only being of which we were previously conscious. So, after all, something must be carried over! We should leave everything behind and yet take something of it with us. Here we have a contradiction, but really it is not difficult to explain.

You will easily understand what it is to the soul to go through this process if I compare it with a phenomenon of ordinary life. In life we have a similar process, a process to be compared with this, although the latter is far more intense and far more powerfully felt. It is the process of remembering some experience we have had in life. What you experienced yesterday is left behind, but you take it with you in your memory. The important thing is to have sufficiently prepared ourselves, by previous meditation, concentration and so on, so that on crossing the threshold into the spiritual world, we have the power to hold fast in super-sensible memory what we have left behind. If we are not prepared in the proper way we shall not have the power of recollection. We are then a mere nothing for our own consciousness; we know nothing of ourselves. On entering spiritual worlds the point is to remember through super-sensible memory what one has left behind. These memories are all that can be taken with one. That they are so taken, ensures the so-called continuity, the preservation, of the self. Even in ordinary life, we can be bereft of the continuity of consciousness, and with it lose all our real self. This happens when things that should be remembered—many things indeed in our life—have to be effaced from consciousness and forgotten through ill health. Much in ordinary life depends on the continuity of memory. All that is made possible by the first steps of initiation hangs on the memory in super-sensible life, on preserving the memory of ordinary life. Such a memory is indeed possible, and it is brought about through initiation. All this can be linked to the riddle of death.

When a man passes through death, he has not the identical forces he acquired by initiation because, when he lays aside the body, he acquires certain forces through the help of beings of the super-sensible world. He gains the power to preserve in memory what in laying aside the body he has forgotten. Here you have the real answer to the question, “What remains of the experiences of my soul when I have passed through the gate of death? How does my soul live on?” That is a question of the greatest importance, and through the experience of the initiates you have the answer, “The soul lives on because in its hidden depths there are forces able to hold fast in memory what has been experienced.” To be immortal means having the power to preserve in memory the renounced past existence. That is the real definition of human immortality. Through initiation we have proof, experienced proof, that forces live in man that can remind him, after he has laid aside his physical body, of all that he has experienced in sensory life, and of anything at all that has happened. In this way the human self is preserved into the future; thus man experiences his former existence as memories in his future life. We should feel the whole power of the thought that is called forth by initiation, that could be expressed in the words, “The human being is of such a nature that he bears his own being through future ages by the force of super-sensible memory.” If you feel this thought pouring with feeling into the void of the universe, picturing the soul as it carries its own being through eternity, then you have a far better definition of what is called a monad than can be given through any philosophical concepts. Then you will feel what a monad is, that is, a self-enclosed being, a being carrying itself. It is only through the experiences of initiation that one can arrive at such conceptions.

That is only one side of what I have been describing to you. We must consider its first steps more precisely if we want to approach with feeling what can give us ideas about initiation. Let us assume that a man has, through an attitude of soul strengthened by thought and meditation, come to the point of being able to perceive in his etheric body. This perception is experienced in the body that, in its several parts, is more closely bound up with the brain, and less closely, for example, with the hands. The feeling oneself into the etheric body is experienced in the sensation, “You are being spread out. You are becoming wider, fleeing out into the boundless spaces of the universe.” Such is the subjective feeling. This is not, however, that one rushes headlong into the unreal and the vague; everything there is concrete life. One lives oneself into the purely concrete, and in this widening out one comes at the same time to definite experiences. Except in special circumstances, hardly anyone accomplishing the first steps of initiation will be spared the experience of a particular impression or feeling of dread and anxiety, an experience of being in the vast universe with no firm ground beneath one's feet, an oppression of the soul. This is the kind of inner experience one lives through.

But there is something of still greater importance. In ordinary life we think, we have an idea, one thought suggests another, and we connect the one thought with the other, combining these perhaps with feelings, wishes, willing and so forth. In a sound life of the soul, one will always find it possible to say, “I think this, I feel that.” Were we unable to speak thus, it would mean a break, a disturbance, in sound soul life. We widen out, we expand when growing into the etheric body, but at the same time our thoughts also expand. When thinking, we lose the sensation of being within ourselves, and we get the feeling that we are growing into the etheric world that is permeated with thoughts that think themselves. That arises as an actual experience. It is as if we ourselves were blotted out and our thoughts were thinking themselves, as if the feelings we ourselves have, or that things have, felt themselves, as if we could not do our willing for ourselves but that all this was awakened and willed in us. The feeling one has is one of being given up to the objective, to the world. But, as a rule, another feeling is added. This is another of the experiences during the first steps of initiation. We have the feeling that, as we expand and widen out, and our thoughts think themselves, feelings feel themselves, in the same measure our consciousness becomes weaker and weaker, more and more toned down, and our capacity for knowing is deadened.

Now for the soul to go through such experiences, one must allow something quite definite to enter it. It is necessary for these things to be grasped by the soul as accurately as possible. For this reason I have collected a few things—if not the same, of a similar nature and tending in the same direction—in the book A Road to Self Knowledge. If you take it in connection with these lectures, you may gain a good deal. A quite definite state of soul, produced by oneself, must come about similar to what I described yesterday. One must practice self-observation and try to bring home to oneself, without either mercy or consideration, the really grievous faults one knows oneself to possess, so that there comes before the soul a feeling, into which one must live deeply, of how little one corresponds to the great ideal of humanity. With real force of thought and meditation, one's moral weakness, all one's weaknesses, must be called up before the soul. So doing, one will become stronger. What has already begun to be deadened, what has been described as a kind of fading out of the soul, brightens up again. It once more begins to be visible.

At this point something can be experienced that finds easy expression in words, but is oppressive and even disturbing during the first stages of initiation. These words all apply to the life of soul and not to life in the body. For anyone who has been led aright into spiritual worlds, will already have received intimation that there is no question of external bodily danger. Such a man, if he faithfully observes the good advice offered him, can remain externally the same man in life, in spite of the ebb and flow within him of every sort of pain, torment and disillusion, among which may also be premonitions of bliss. Such things must be gone into because in them lie the seeds of a higher vision, of a higher insight. In this way one gradually comes to recognise that by learning to observe, to perceive and to experience independently of the physical body—in other words, learning to live in the etheric body—one grows into the etheric world in the way described. But in so doing one learns the reason why this etheric world fades into a kind of unconsciousness. In simple words we might say, “It does not like me; it does not think me suited for it.” This deadening, this vanishing away, is merely the expression for, “They will not let me in!” But in dwelling on one's faults one grows stronger, and what had begun to disappear lights up again. This produces, however, the significant feeling that a super-sensible world of an etheric nature is around one, but that it may only be entered to a certain degree. It will only allow one to enter to the degree that one makes oneself increasingly strong, morally and intellectually. Otherwise, no. And it shows you this by fading away before you.

That is what is such a strain—so oppressive and sometimes even grotesque and distorted—this battling for the spiritual world and the consciousness of how unworthy one is for entrance there. By continuing to work hard at our self-contemplation and the strengthening of our attitude of soul through thinking, by meditation, concentration and permeating oneself with moral impulses, one can enter ever more and more into the etheric world. This is, after all, only the first stage of initiation. If we would review the next stage, we must call attention to a most remarkable phenomenon that really has no parallel in ordinary sensory existence.

The body that man lives in when once he can perceive the etheric world is his etheric body. But this he already possessed before. The difference between his etheric body before and after super-sensible observation is only that through initiation the etheric body is as it were awakened. While before it was as though asleep, afterward it is awakened. That is really the most apt expression one can use. But one thing will be noticed, that, when by means of any particular measure that has taken effect in the life of the souls the faculty has been acquired of seeing some fact or being of the etheric world—well, you then see just this being. Assume that you are so far prepared that you see this one being, or perhaps also a second being. Then, if you maintain the same power, you will probably see the two beings—or one of them—again and again. This is not difficult. But you will not easily see anything more. If you let the matter rest for awhile and then come back to it, you will still only see the same. In short, the etheric world is not like the physical world. Once the eyes are prepared for the physical world, they see all that it is possible to see; if the ears are prepared, they hear everything equally well. It is not so, however, in the etheric world. There you must keep preparing anew, from one kind of being to another kind of being and, bit by bit, the parts of the etheric body. There you must look for the whole world again, and you must awaken your etheric body for every single human being over and over again. You set up a connection, a relation, with what you have once seen, for which you have once awakened your etheric body, and must always go on awakening new relations. The etheric body alone cannot do this. It cannot control itself and can only keep on returning to the same being, or it can wait until it is prepared for seeing other beings.

A man who has taken the first steps toward initiation and has reached the point of seeing some being or process cannot at once find his bearings in the spiritual world; he cannot freely compare one being with another because he has no free access to the beings. If you are to find your bearings, if you are not merely to look at things but are to say with decision, “This is a being or that is a process,” then you must be able to compare whichever it is with other beings and processes of the super-sensible world. You must be able to make your way from one to the other; you must be able to find your bearings. This orientation has to be learned, and we learn it through regular meditation and by permeating ourselves with moral impulses. Then we feel growing within us forces the activity of which we experience as something strange. If we would describe this, we must return to what was said before. The etheric body, though present in ordinary life, is asleep, and for super-sensible perception must be awakened. But the forces with which to awaken it must be there in the soul. What is done here is experienced in a special way. I can only make this clear by means of a comparison.

Imagine that you go to sleep and that you know, “My body is lying in bed; I cannot move it but I know it is there! I am going into the spiritual world, but I shall come back soon to wake this body up again.” This can happen consciously, but in the case of a man in ordinary life it happens unconsciously. He really goes through what I have just been describing. In his physical condition he is both a waking and a sleeping being and it is he himself who wakes his physical body, although he is not conscious that this is so. But a man who has taken the first steps toward initiation becomes conscious of this, and thereafter actually knows, “There is my etheric body.” His attitude toward it is such that he feels, “That is the more narrowly confined part that corresponds to the brain; this is the more mobile part corresponding to the hands; this, the completely mobile part corresponding to the feet.” This, however, may sound strange. We know all this but the knowledge sleeps in us.

By further development, by preparing our inner life of soul in the necessary way and reaching up to the spiritual world, we are continually awakened. First we awaken this bit, then that. Now we set this movement going, then another. In short, it is a conscious awakening of the etheric body, so that we may speak of the sleeping state as being the ordinary state of the etheric body, and of a waking state into which it is brought by initiation. That is the difference between sleeping and waking in the physical body and in the etheric body. In the physical body sleeping and waking are alternating conditions, they occur in turn; while in the etheric body there is no such alternation; in it sleeping and waking are simultaneous. Thus, a man on the way to initiation may, by his first efforts, reach the point of awakening many of the etheric parts of his head, while all that corresponds to his hands and feet is still deep asleep. Whereas the physical body is asleep at one time, awake at another, in the etheric body some parts are awake and others asleep at the same time. Progress consists in making the sleeping parts more and more into waking ones, and that is what we actually are doing.

If man were not a spiritual being, all that I have here put forward as a comparison could not take place; then, as he lay in bed, he could not observe the awakening of his physical body. But what belongs to the soul is something that is independent of what is awakened. What awakens it bit by bit is not the etheric body, it is something else. If we grasp the concept, “There is something in my soul that holds active sway over my etheric body, and bit by bit awakens it,” we then have a concrete and correct idea of the so-called astral body. To live in the astral body, to experience oneself in the astral body, means in the first place that one feels oneself to be a kind of inner forceful being, gradually able bit by bit to awaken conscious life in the sleeping etheric body. So there is a condition that may be described as one in which we experience ourselves outside the physical body, not only in the etheric body but also in the astral body.

In order to be clear about this step in initiation, it is necessary to acquire the power of differentiating between the various merely inward experiences in coming down into the etheric body. I have described what is experienced on entering the etheric body, how you expand, flow out. That is the concrete feeling. But the chief feeling generally experienced is that you are also pressing further and further out of your physical body and pouring yourself out into the wide spaces of the universe—the living oneself into the astral body, the conscious living into what is bit by bit awakening the etheric body. This is all linked up, too, with a springing out of oneself to seize something outside; this is not a mere expansion of something already there One realises when in the etheric body that the physical body still belongs to it. But when one makes one's way into the astral body, one realises, “It is as if I had first lived in myself, and had then come out of myself to penetrate into something else; now my physical body, and perhaps my etheric body, too, is something outside me. I am now in something where I was not wont to be; my physical body has now become objective and no longer subjective. I am looking at it from outside.”

This springing beyond oneself, this looking at and understanding oneself, is the crossing over to life in the astral body. When this is attained, when this leap over has been made and you know this is now you and that you are looking at yourself, just as you used to look at a plant or a stone, you will then have the feeling that, indeed, no one will fail to have in the first stages of initiation, “Now you are in the super-sensible world, and you are spreading yourself out, away into infinity.” One cannot use the expression on all sides because the super-sensible world has many more sides and quite different dimensions from those of the ordinary world. But you are alone there. You are with your life in the astral body and everywhere around is the universe, an infinite expansion, not any being anywhere but yourself alone! You are overcome by a feeling of what may be called loneliness of soul raised to its supreme degree.

It is a matter of enduring such feelings and of being able to go through them because it is by surmounting them that the forces arise that lead one on; they become the forces of the seer. What I have tried to put in a few lines in the drama The Guardian of the Threshold becomes intensely real. I refer to the scene in which Maria leads Johannes into the infinite tracts of the fields of ice where the human soul is alone—in absolute loneliness. In this loneliness one has to wait—patiently wait. Much depends on whether one is able to wait, whether one has acquired sufficient moral force to wait. Then comes something of which it may be said, “Yes, you are absolutely alone in infinity, but in you there arises something like pure memories that yet are no memories.” I say, “Like memories that are no memories” because all our memories in ordinary life are such that we can recall anything with which we once came into contact, anything we once experienced. But imagine that you stand there with all that is innermost in your soul, while images keep rising up within you that need to be related to something. But you have never previously experienced them! You know that these images are related to beings, but you have never met these beings. This surging up within you of an unknown world, which you realise you bear within you as pure image—this is the next experience on the path of initiation.

After that comes a strange experience in which it is possible to get into relation with all the images that arise, that you can love and hate them, that you can feel reverence in face of one, pride in face of another. Not only a number of inner images are awakened, but also something like a surging hither and thither of super-sensible feelings and sensations. You are utterly alone with yourself, alone with your own inner world rising up within you. At first you are aware of nothing except an indefinite gloom, but your connection with everything is complete.

Let us take a characteristic example. Something that rises there as a picture calls forth your love. This is a severe temptation; a terrible temptation now arises because you love something in yourself. You are exposed to the temptation of loving the thing because it is yours, and you must now put forth all your strength not to love this being just because it is yours, but, in spite of the fact that it is yours, to love it for some quality it possesses. It becomes your task to make selfless what is in yourself. That is a hard task, a task with which nothing can be compared that has to do with the soul in the ordinary physical world. In the ordinary sensory existence it is quite impossible for a man to love what is within him absolutely selflessly. But that is what he must do on rising to this world. By irradiating the being with the force of love, it radiates force itself, and this makes you feel that “it is trying to get out of you.”

You also notice that the more love you yourself can apply, the more strength it has to break through something that is like a veil, and to make its way out into the universe. If you hate it, it also gains force, but then it strains you apart, presses against you and makes its way through, as though heart or lungs would force themselves through the skin of your body. This runs through everything with which you bring yourself into relation through love and hate. The difference between the two experiences is that what you love selflessly goes away, but you feel that you, too, go with it, that it takes you away, and that you, too, take the same path. What you hate, or anything toward which you show pride, tears through the veil and disappears leaving you alone, and you remain in your loneliness. At a certain stage this difference is strongly marked. You are either taken away or left behind. If you are taken, you are able to reach the being whose image you have experienced. You learn to know it.

By this surging up within you of the images of unknown beings with whom you are nevertheless in relation, you come out of yourself and meet all these beings whom you learn to know in a second spiritual world. You live yourself into a world generally called the devachanic world, the true spiritual world, not the astral world. It is nonsense to say that through his astral body, which I have described as the awakener of the etheric body, man enters the astral world. Rather does he rise into the true spiritual world, into what is called the spirit-land in my book Theosophy. There he meets pure spiritual beings.

Now to know more of these beings in their different orders, and how they become what is described as the world of the Higher Hierarchies, whom we have learned to know as rising from the Angels to the Seraphim, of all this we shall hear more in the next lecture.

Vierter Vortrag

Wir brauchen, um zu den Aufgaben dieses kurzen Vortragszyklus zu kommen, solche Vorstellungen, wie wir sie gestern gewonnen haben, und noch einige, die wir eben haben müssen, wenn wir charakterisieren wollen, was vorgestern in dem programmatischen Vortrage angedeutet worden ist.

Sie werden finden, daß überall, wo in der Literatur oder sonstwo von der Initiation gesprochen wird, irgendwie jenes Rätsel berührt wird, das allem Menschlichen so naheliegt: das Rätsel vom Tode. Und Sie werden finden, daß in alledem, was man Berichte nennen könnte, darauf hingewiesen wird, daß der zu Initiserende auf einer gewissen Stufe so etwas in einer etwas anderen Form durchzumachen hat, wie der Durchgang durch die Pforte des Todes es eben ist. Diese Berichte beruhen für den Okkultisten tatsächlich auf Wahrheit. Denn die Erfahrungen, die beim Aufstieg in die geistigen Welten durchzumachen sind, berühren sich mit denselben Erfahrungen, die der Mensch durchzumachen hat beim naturgemäßen Übergange vom Leben im Sinnenleibe zu jenem andersartigen Leben, das in einer ganz anderen Umhüllung stattfindet zwischen dem Tode und einer neuen Geburt. Wenn man so recht herankommen will an dasjenige, um was es sich dabei handelt, muß man zuerst fragen: Als was weiß sich denn eigentlich der Mensch im gewöhnlichen Leben? Es ist vielleicht nicht gerade interessant, eine so abstrakte Frage aufzuwerfen, aber zum Verständnis des Initiationsvorganges ist es schon notwendig, diese Frage ins Auge zu fassen: Als was weiß sich denn die Seele?

Was sie während des Schlafes ist, das weiß ja die Seele nicht, denn entweder verläuft der Schlaf in Bewußtlosigkeit, oder aber es spielen in den Schlaf herein Träume, die ja erst durch den Okkultismus gedeutet werden müssen, wenn man sie in der richtigen Weise verstehen will. Bei der Frage: Was ist sich der Mensch, was ist seine Seele im gewöhnlichen Sinnensein? - kann also doch nur die Frage des Tageslebens in Betracht kommen. Nun wissen wir, daß zunächst jene Tore da sind, welche wir unsere Sinnesorgane nennen, durch welche die Farben- und Lichtwelt, die Tonwelt, die Geruchwelt, Wärme und Kälte und so weiter in unsere Seele hereinströmen, und was wir im Sinnensein unsere Welt nennen, ist ja im Grunde genommen nur eine Zusammenfassung alles dessen, was eben durch die Tore unserer Sinne einströmt. Dann haben wir das Instrument unseres Verstandes, unserer Empfindungen, unseres Wollens; mit dem verarbeiten wir, was in der äußeren Welt uns entgegentritt. Estreten in unserer Seele auf Begierden, Wünsche, Strebungen, Befriedigungen, Unbefriedigungen, Beseligungen, Enttäuschungen und so weiter, und wenn wir den ganzen Umfang dessen, als was sich der Mensch weiß, eigentlich ins Auge fassen, so ist es alles dieses. Wenn man für das gewöhnliche Leben erkennen will, was Innenwelt ist, so kann man eigentlich nichts anderes anführen als die Summe dessen, was jetzt charakterisiert worden ist. Dabei kann sich der Mensch auch von außen betrachten. Er kann seinen Leib betrachten. Er wird sich durch die mannigfaltigsten Tatsachen, die jetzt nicht im einzelnen ausgeführt zu werden brauchen, bewußt, daß er seinen Leib als sein Werkzeug für das wache Tagesleben während des Lebens zwischen Geburt und Tod anzusehen hat. Es spielen in dieses Leben Sehnsüchte herein, die wir schon berührt haben; es spielt herein die Sehnsucht zu wissen, was der Mensch eigentlich innerhalb der Grenzen von Geburt und Tod ist, die Sehnsucht herauszukommen aus dem, was man das Lebensdunkel nennen könnte. Aber darüber hinaus hat eben der Mensch zunächst nichts, hat zunächst nicht im gewöhnlichen Sinnensein Erlebnisse. Seine Erlebnisse sind eben so, daß die auf- und ablaufenden Triebe, Begierden, Sinnesempfindungen, Vorstellungen, Verstandeskombinationen und so weiter das wache Tagesleben erfüllen. Knüpfen wir nun daran dasjenige an, was uns am Schlusse unseres gestrigen Vortrages entgegengetreten ist.

Wir haben darauf aufmerksam gemacht, wie der Mensch, wenn er an die Grenze zwischen Sinnensein und Geistessein kommt, seine Vorstellungen ändern muß, wie er zurücklassen muß, was er gedacht hat über häßlich und schön, über wahr und falsch, über gut und böse, weil diese Begriffe eine ganz andere Bedeutung und einen nach ganz anderen Richtungen hin gehenden Wert erhalten, wenn man die geistigen Welten betritt. Daraus schon können wir eine Idee bekommen, wie wir uns wandeln müssen, wenn wir in die geistigen Welten eintreten wollen. Nun, nachdem wir beobachtet haben, als was sich der Mensch weiß im wachen Tagesleben zwischen Geburt und Tod, können wir uns mit Beziehung auf das gestern Gesagte einmal fragen: Was kann der Mensch von alledem, als was er sich so weiß, mitnehmen über die Grenze, wo der Hüter der Schwelle steht? Was kann er von allem, was er an Trieben, Begierden und Leidenschaften im Sinnensein erlebt und erfährt, von seinen Empfindungen und Vorstellungen, von Verstandesbegriffen und Urteilen, die er durchmacht, mit hinübernehmen über die Grenze, wo der Hüter der Schwelle steht? - Ja, es gehört zu den ersten Schritten der Initiation, daß der Mensch erfährt: von alledem, was man so anführen kann, was man selber ist, kann man gar nichts mitnehmen! Und es ist nicht etwa übertrieben oder paradox gesprochen, sondern wörtlich wahr gesprochen, wenn man sagt: Von allem, worüber man eigentlich im Sinnensein reden kann, kann man gar nichts in die geistige Welt mit hinübernehmen, sondern man muß alles zurücklassen an der Grenze, an welcher der Hüter der Schwelle steht.

Aber machen Sie sich nunmehr eines klar: An alledem, was man da als sich weiß im Sinnensein, haftet doch eines, ein höchst Erhebliches daran, und zwar wirklich das, worauf es ankommt bei den Schritten der Initiation. Es haftet daran, daß man das liebt und gern hat und daß man gar nicht einmal auskommt, wenn man den gewöhnlichen, etwas unsympathischen Begriff des Egoismus darauf anwendet. Dadurch ist man nicht fertig, daß man sagt: Der Mensch soll seinen Egoismus ablegen, dann wird er selbstlos hinüberkommen in die Region der geistigen Welt. Das ist, wenn man trivial sprechen darf, leicht gesagt. Aber dieser Egoismus ist in den geheimeren, feineren Gliederungen seines Wesens innig zusammenhängend mit dem, was wir nicht nur egoistisch für wertvoll halten im Leben, sondern für wertvoll halten müssen, weil wir dadurch Mensch sind in der Welt, in der wir uns aufzuhalten haben. Wir sind Menschen dadurch, daß wir zusammenhalten können, was wir erfahren, und daß wir in einer gewissen Weise darüber denken können, daß wir erleben können. Durch das alles sind wir die Menschen, die wir sind. Und was wir Tüchtiges leisten können im gewöhnlichen Sinnensein, leisten wir dadurch, daß wir wertschätzen unsere Fähigkeit, zusammenzuhalten in unserer Persönlichkeit, in unserer Individualität, was wir erleben. Und würden wir das nicht wertschätzen, was wir erleben, so würden wir Faulenzer oder träge Menschen im Leben werden und nichts für die gewöhnliche Welt erreichen. Es wäre daher oberflächlich, zu sagen: Der Egoismus ist unter allen Umständen als etwas Schädliches anzusehen. Denn in seiner feineren Gliederung bedeutet er die Kraft, welche den Menschen vorwärtstreibt in der Welt, in der er nun einmal inkarniert ist. Und dennoch: es muß das alles abgelegt werden, es muß zurückbleiben, muß aus dem einfachen Grunde zurückbleiben, weil es ungeeignet ist für die Welt, die wir betreten müssen. Wie unser Sinnenleib ungeeignet ist für ein Eisenbad von 900°C, so ist das, was wir unser Selbst nennen, mit dem, was wir lieben in der gewöhnlichen Welt, ungeeignet in der geistigen Welt. Und man muß es aus dem Grunde zurücklassen, weil einem etwas Ähnliches passieren würde, wie unserm sinnlichen Leib passieren würde, wenn wir uns in ein Eisenbad von 900°C hineinstürzen würden: wir würden keinen Aufenthalt darin haben können, würden darin zugrunde gehen.

Nun wird Ihnen ein Gedanke auftauchen, der ganz selbstverständlich ist, der nur in seiner Tiefe erfaßt und erfühlt werden muß, der Gedanke: Wenn ich nun alles ablege, was ich bin, wovon man überhaupt reden kann im Sinnensein, was bleibt mir denn dann eigentlich? Kann ich denn dann noch selber hineingehen in die geistige Welt, wenn ich mich zuerst ablegen muß? - Das ist es, daß der Mensch nichts von dem, wovon er weiß, daß er es ist, in die übersinnlichen Welten hinein mitnehmen kann, und daß alles, was er in diese Welten hinein mitnehmen kann, etwas ist, wovon er nichts weiß in der gewöhnlichen Welt. Das sind die verborgenen, in den Untergründen der Seele liegenden Daseinselemente, die in dem Menschen drinnenstecken, von denen er nichts weiß. Und die müssen so stark sein, daß der Mensch aus dem, wovon er nichts weiß, in die geistigen Welten das Nötige hineinbringt, wenn er alles das, wovon er weiß, draußen ablegen muß. Um den Gedanken, oder besser gesagt, die Empfindung recht gründlich zu erfassen, verbinden Sie das, was eben gesagt worden ist, mit dem gewöhnlichen Todesgedanken. Es ist nur selbstverständlich für das gewöhnliche Sinnesleben, daß der Mensch alles das, als was er sich bezeichnen kann, liebt. Und weil er nichts weiter von sich weiß, so hat er bei der Unsterblichkeitssehnsucht die Sehnsucht, das zu behalten, was er im Sinnensein liebt. Deshalb kann der Schauer so groß werden und es kann eine Furchterfülltheit eintreten vor der geistigen Welt, weil der Gedanke auftauchen muß: Du gehst in ein wesenloses Unbestimmtes hinein, du weißt nicht, ob du dich darinnen bewahren kannst, denn das, wovon du weißt, geht dir verloren!

Nun gehört es zur Initiation, daß das, was in den verborgenen Untergründen der Seele liegt an Daseinselementen, schon während des Sinneslebens heraufgeholt und zum Bewußtsein gebracht wird. Das geschieht zum Teil durch die Mittel, welche geschildert sind in «Wie erlangt man Erkenntnisse der höheren Welten?», indem aus den Untergründen der Seele Erlebnisse ins Bewußtsein heraufgehoben werden, die gleichsam als ein verdichtetes, verstärktes Seelenleben herauskommen. Und dieses verdichtete, verstärkte Seelenleben, wovon man sonst nichts weiß, kann hinübergehen in die geistige Welt. Daher bereitet man sich durch Meditationen, Konzentrationen, durch das, was im «Hüter der Schwelle» genannt ist das «gedankenkräftige Verhalten der Seele», darauf vor, etwas mit hinüberzunehmen in die geistige Welt, etwas dort drüben sein zu können. Was geschieht denn aber mit dem, was man abgelegt hat?

Das ist nun etwas außerordentlich Wichtiges. Zunächst könnte man, wenn man bildhaft, anschaulich schildert, wirklich sagen: Das, wovon man reden kann im Sinnensein, wovon man weiß, das legt man an der Grenze beim Hüter der Schwelle ab, wie wenn man seine Kleider ausziehen und ohne Kleider hinübergehen würde in bezug auf alles Seelische in die geistige Welt. Bildhaft ist das ganz richtig gesprochen. Aber die Initiation macht es notwendig, daß nicht bloß dies geschieht, sondern daß noch etwas anderes geschieht: daß man zwar sein Selbst und alles, was an einem ist, ablegt, aber doch etwas davon mitnimmt, sonst verliert man nämlich allen Zusammenhang mit dem Sein, von dem man einzig und allein früher gewußt hat. Also man muß doch etwas mitnehmen! Wir stehen hier vor einem Widerspruch, der allerdings ein sehr leicht lösbarer ist: daß wir alles zurücklassen sollen und doch von dem Zurückgelassenen etwas mitnehmen sollen. Sie werden es leicht verstehen, wenn ich es vergleiche mit einer Erscheinung des gewöhnlichen Lebens, was es der Seele ist, wenn sie diesen Vorgang durchmacht. Es gibt im Leben auch einen ähnlichen Vorgang, den wir mit diesem anderen, obwohl er viel empfindungskräftiger, viel vehementer ist, vergleichen können. Das ist der Vorgang, wenn wir uns an etwas erinnern, was wir im Leben erlebt haben. Was Sie gestern erlebt haben, das haben Sie zurückgelassen, aber Sie haben es in der Erinnerung mit sich genommen. Darauf kommt es an, daß man sich durch die vorhergehenden Meditationen, Konzentrationen und so weiter bereitgemacht hat, daß man, wenn man über die Schwelle in die geistigen Welten hinüberkommt, die Kraft hat, in einer übersinnlichen Erinnerung festzuhalten, was man zurückgelassen hat. Ist man nicht in der entsprechenden Weise vorbereitet, so hat man diese Kraft nicht, um sich daran zu erinnern. Dann ist man aber für sein Bewußtsein ein Nichts, weil man nichts weiß von sich. Das ist es, daß man sich durch übersinnliche Erinnerung, wenn man in der geistigen Welt drinnensteht, an das erinnert, was man zurückgelassen hat. Sonst kann man nichts mitnehmen als diese Erinnerungen, und daß man sie mitnimmt, das bewahrt einem das, was man nennen könnte die Kontinuität, die Erhaltung des Selbstes. Auch im gewöhnlichen Leben geht einem der Zusammenhang des Bewußtseins und damit das eigentliche Selbst verloren, wenn man Dinge, an die man sich erinnern sollte - sagen wir vieles in unserem Leben -, einfach auslöschen muß aus seinem Bewußtsein und krankhaft vergessen hat. An der fortlaufenden Erinnerung hängt vieles im gewöhnlichen Leben. An der Erinnerung im übersinnlichen Leben - die Erinnerung an das gewöhnliche Leben zu bewahren - hängt alles, was die ersten Schritte der Initiation möglich macht. Diese Erinnerung ist eben möglich, und sie tritt durch die Initiation ein, und von ihr aus können Sie wieder den Faden hinüberziehen nach dem Rätsel des Todes. Wenn der Mensch durch den Tod hindurchgeht, so hat er zwar nicht dieselben Kräfte, die er durch die Initiation erwirbt, aber in gewisser Weise bekommt er Kräfte, wenn er seinen Leib ablegt, indem ihm andere Wesen der übersinnlichen Welt helfen. Er bekommt die Möglichkeit, die Erinnerung für das zu bewahren, was er vergessen hat, indem er seinen Leib abgelegt hat. Und jetzt haben Sie im Realen die Möglichkeit, sich auf die Frage zu antworten: Was bleibt von meinen Seelenerlebnissen, wenn ich durch die Pforte des Todes durchgegangen bin, wie lebt die Seele weiter? Das ist die allerwichtigste Frage. Und Sie haben durch die Erfahrung der Initiierten die Antwort: Die Seele lebt weiter, weil in den tiefen, verborgenen Untergründen der Seele Kräfte sind, die in der Erinnerung festhalten können, was erlebt ist. Unsterblich sein heißt, die Kraft haben, in der Erinnerung das abgelebte, das vergangene Dasein bewahren zu können. Das ist die eigentliche Definition der menschlichen Unsterblichkeit. Durch die Initiation wird der Beweis erbracht, der Erfahrungsbeweis, daß im Menschen Kräfte leben, die [ermöglichen, sich] nach Ablegung des sinnlichen Leibes erinnern [zu] können an alles, was der Mensch im Sinnensein und überhaupt erlebt hat. So bewahrt sich der Mensch selbst durch die Zukunft hindurch, so erlebt er sein früheres Sein als Erinnerungen im zukünftigen Sein. Fühlen Sie die ganze Gewalt des Gedankens, der sich durch die Initiation ergibt und der ausgesprochen werden konnte in den Worten: Das Menschenwesen ist von solcher Art, daß es durch die Kräfte der übersinnlichen Erinnerung sein eigenes Wesen durch zukünftige Zeiten trägt. Wenn Sie diesen Gedanken fühlen, in die Leerheit des Weltenalls hinein ihn fühlen so, daß Sie sich vorstellen die sich selbst durch die Ewigkeiten tragende Seele, dann haben Sie eine viel bessere Definition dessen, was man eine Monade nennt, als sie durch irgendwelche philosophische Begriffe gegeben werden könnte. Denn dann fühlen Sie, was eine Monade, ein in sich geschlossenes, sich selber tragendes Wesen ist. Über diese Dinge sind denn doch nur Vorstellungen zu gewinnen durch die Erfahrungen der Initiation.

Das ist erst die eine Seite dessen, was ich Ihnen zu schildern habe. Wir müssen die ersten Schritte der Initiation noch genauer betrachten, wenn wir erfühlend zu dem kommen wollen, was uns Vorstellungen über die Initiation geben kann. Nehmen wir an, ein Mensch habe durch gedankenkräftiges Verhalten seiner Seele, oder mit einem Fremdwort: durch Meditation es dahin gebracht, daß er außerhalb seines physischen Leibes wahrnehmen kann, daß er zunächst wahrnehmen kann in seinem elementarischen oder ätherischen Leibe. Erlebt wird dieses Wahrnehmen in jenem Leibe, der enger gebunden ist in seinen einzelnen Teilen an das Gehirn, weniger eng zum Beispiel an die Hände, erlebt wird das Sich-Einfühlen in den elementarischen Leib dadurch, daß man das Gefühl hat: Du weitest dich aus, du wirst breiter, fließest hinaus in die unbestimmten Weltenweiten. — So ist das subjektive Gefühl. Aber es ist nicht so, daß man ins Wesenlose und Unbestimmte hinausrinnt, sondern da ist alles konkretes Leben. Man lebt sich in lauter Konkretheiten hinein, und man gewinnt zugleich ganz bestimmte Erlebnisse in diesem SichAusweiten. Besonders ein Gefühl kann man leicht erhalten, und es wird kaum - wenn nicht ganz besondere Umstände vorliegen - jemandem, der die ersten Schritte der Initiation durchmacht, erspart bleiben, diese Erfahrung zu machen. Es ist die Erfahrung der Bangigkeit, der Ängstlichkeit, die Erfahrung, als ob man im Weltenall wäre und keinen Boden unter den Füßen hätte, ein Bedrückendes in der Seele. Das sind so die inneren Erlebnisse, die man dabei durchmacht. Dann aber das noch Wichtigere.

Wenn man im gewöhnlichen Leben denkt, eine Vorstellung hat, wenn ein Gedanke den anderen kommen läßt, da fügt man den einen Gedanken zum anderen hinzu, man gliedert dann vielleicht Empfindungen hinzu, Wünsche, Wollen und so weiter, und beim gesunden Seelenleben wird man immer die Möglichkeit haben, zu sagen: Ich denke dies, ich fühle das. - Denn es wäre schon eine Unterbrechung, eine Störung des gesunden Seelenlebens, wenn man nicht die Möglichkeit hätte, in dieser Weise zu sprechen. Beim Hineinwachsen in den elementarischen oder ätherischen Leib weitet man sich aus, aber zugleich weiten sich die Gedanken aus. Man verliert das Gefühl, als ob man in sich wäre, wenn man denkt, und man bekommt das Gefühl: man wächst in die elementarische Welt hinein, und die ist durchzogen von Gedanken, und diese Gedanken denken sich. Das tritt als ein Erlebnis auf. Es ist so, wie wenn man ausgelöscht wäre und wie wenn sich die Gedanken denken würden, wie wenn die Gefühle, die man selbst hat oder die die Dinge haben, sich erfühlen, als ob man nicht selber wollen könnte, sondern als ob das alles in einem zum Wollen erwachte. Hingegeben sein an die Objektivität, an die Welt, das ist ein Gefühl, das man hat. Aber es ist in der Regel so - und das ist wieder eine Erfahrung bei den ersten Schritten der Initiation -, daß sich hinzugesellt ein anderes Gefühl. In demselben Maße, in dem man sich ausweitet, in dem sich die Gedanken selber denken, die Empfindungen sich erfühlen, wird das Bewußtsein immer schwächer und schwächer, immer mehr und mehr herabgestimmt; das Wissen betäubt sich.

Nun ist die Notwendigkeit vorhanden, etwas ganz Bestimmtes in der Seele eintreten zu lassen, wenn solche Erfahrungen in der Seele gemacht werden. Es ist eine Notwendigkeit vorhanden, daß diese Dinge möglichst genau von den Seelen erfaßt werden. Deshalb habe ich, wenn auch nicht dieselben, so doch ähnliche Dinge, die in dieselbe Richtung gehen, in dem Buche «Ein Weg zur Selbsterkenntnis des Menschen» zusammengestellt, und Sie werden, wenn Sie die Vorträge in Verbindung bringen mit diesem Buche, davon mancherlei haben können. Ein ganz bestimmtes Seelisches, das man selber herbeiführt, muß dann eintreten, ähnlich wie ich es gestern geschildert habe. Man muß nämlich Selbstbesinnung üben, muß versuchen schonungslos, rücksichtslos recht grobe Fehler, von denen man weiß, daß man sie hat, sich vorzuhalten, so daß einem vor die Seele kommt, wie wenig man eigentlich dem großen Menschheits-Ideale entspricht. Man muß sich hineinfühlen in dieses Wenig-Entsprechen dem großen Menschheits-Ideale: recht meditativ, recht gedankenkräftig gerade seine moralische oder sonstige Schwachheit sich vor die Seele rufen. Wenn man das tut, wird man nämlich dadurch stärker. Und das, was schon angefangen hat sich abzudämpfen, was sich schon so dargestellt hat, als ob es wie in einer seelischen Ohnmacht verschwinden wollte, wird wieder heller. Man fängt wieder an, das zu sehen. Aber man erfährt wieder etwas anderes bei dieser Gelegenheit, was in einfache Worte gebracht werden kann, was aber bei den ersten Schritten auf dem Wege zur Initiation bedrückend und sogar bestürzend ist. Das alles sind Worte, die für das Seelenleben gemeint sind, nicht für das Leibesleben, denn dem, der in richtiger Weise hineingeführt wird in die geistige Welt, ist auch solche Anweisung zugeflossen, daß man von äußeren körperlichen Gefahren nicht sprechen kann. Es kann ein solcher Mensch, wenn er wirklich treulich die guten Ratschläge einhält, äußerlich im Leben ein gleicher Mensch bleiben, trotzdem es innen auf- und abwogt von allerlei Peinigendem, Schmerzlichem, von Enttäuschungen und vielleicht auch erahnten Seligkeiten. Aber solche Dinge muß man durchmachen, denn in ihnen liegen die Keime des höheren Schauens, der höheren Einsicht. Etwas lernt man erkennen: man lernt, indem man außerhalb des physischen Leibes beobachten, wahrnehmen, erleben lernt, indem man also dazu kommt, in dem elementarischen Leibe zu leben, daß man in die elementarische Welt auf die geschilderte Art hineinwächst. Dann aber, wenn man das macht, was eben geschildert worden ist, lernt man den Grund kennen, warum diese elementarische Welt wie in einer Art Ohnmacht verschwindet, was man mit trockenem Wort so aussprechen dürfte, daß man sagt: Diese Welt mag einen nicht, sie findet, daß man nicht hineinpaßt. Und dieses Abdämpfen, dieses Verschwinden ist einfach der Ausdruck dafür: sie läßt einen nicht hinein. Aber indem man sich dann seine Fehler vorwirft, wird man stärker, und so hellt sich das wieder auf, was erst verschwunden war. Man bekommt aber dadurch das deutliche Gefühl: Eine übersinnliche Welt elementarischer Art ist um dich herum, aber du darfst nur bis zu einem gewissen Maße hinein. In dem Maße, wie du dich selbst moralisch, intellektuell immer stärker und stärker machst, läßt sie dich herein, sonst nicht; und sie zeigt dies dadurch, daß sie vor dir verschwindet.

Das ist das Spannende, das Bedrückende oder manchmal auch das Zehrende oder Verzehrende, das - gewissermaßen - Kämpfen um die geistige Welt, und das Bewußtsein, wie unwürdig man ihrer ist. Und indem man Selbstbesinnung und das gedankenkräftige Verhalten der Seele, also Meditieren, Konzentrieren und das Sich-Durchdringen mit moralischen Impulsen kräftig fortsetzt, kann man eben immer mehr und mehr hineinkommen auf solche Art in die elementarische Welt. Aber dieses Hineinkommen in die elementarische Welt ist doch eigentlich nur die erste Stufe der Initiation. Wenn man die nächste Stufe besprechen will, muß man auf eine höchst eigentümliche Erscheinung aufmerksam machen, für die es eigentlich nichts recht Entsprechendes im gewöhnlichen Sinnensein gibt.

Dasjenige, in dem der Mensch lebt, nachdem er elementarisch wahrnehmen kann, ist sein elementarischer Leib. Aber den hat er früher auch schon gehabt. Der Unterschied des elementarischen Leibes vor und nach dem übersinnlichen Beobachten ist nur der, daß der elementarische Leib durch die Initiation gleichsam auferweckt wird. Während er früher gleichsam geschlafen hat, ist er nachher auferweckt. Das ist eigentlich der treffendste Ausdruck, den man für die Sache gebrauchen kann. Aber eines wird man bemerken. Wenn man sich die Fähigkeit erworben hat, durch diese oder jene Maßnahmen, die man im Seelenleben getroffen hat, die eine oder die andere Tatsache oder das eine oder das andere Wesen der elementarischen Welt zu sehen - nun, so sieht man eben dieses eine Wesen. Nehmen Sie nun an, Sie haben Ihre Vorbereitungen so weit getrieben, daß Sie das eine Wesen oder ein zweites Wesen sehen. Dieses eine oder das zweite Wesen werden Sie dann wahrscheinlich, wenn Sie sich bei derselben Kraft erhalten, immer wieder sehen. Das ist keine Schwierigkeit. Aber Sie sehen nicht leicht etwas anderes. Wenn Sie eine Zeit aussetzen und nachher wieder zurückkommen, so sehen Sie doch wieder dasselbe. Kurz, es ist nicht in der elementarischen Welt so, wie es in der Sinneswelt ist. Sind für die letztere die Augen einmal präpariert, so sehen sie alles mögliche; sind die Ohren einmal präpariert, so hören sie alles gleich. So ist es nicht in der elementarischen Welt. Da müssen Sie von Stück zu Stück, von Wesensart zu Wesensart immer neu die Teile Ihres elementarischen Leibes präparieren. Da müssen Sie die ganze Welt absuchen, da muß man für jedes einzelne Wesen den Ätherleib immer wieder und wieder erwecken. Denn man stellt nur eine Beziehung, eine Verwandtschaft her zu dem, was man einmal gesehen hat, wofür man einmal den Ätherleib erweckt hat, und muß immer neue Beziehungen erwecken. Das kann der Ätherleib allein nicht. Er kann sich nicht beherrschen, er kann nur immer zu demselben Wesen zurückkehren, oder er kann warten, bis er präpariert ist, um andere Wesen zu sehen. Ein Mensch, der die ersten Schritte auf dem Wege zur Initiation durchgemacht hat und dazu gelangt ist, dieses oder jenes Wesen, diesen oder jenen Vorgang zu sehen, kann sich noch nicht orientieren in der geistigen übersinnlichen Welt, er kann nicht, weil er nicht zu den Wesen beliebig den Zugang hat, frei vergleichen ein Wesen mit dem anderen. Soll man sich orientieren, soll man nicht bloß anschauen, sondern mit Bestimmtheit sagen: dieses oder jenes ist ein Wesen, dieses oder jenes ist ein Vorgang -, so muß man es vergleichen können mit anderen Wesen und Vorgängen in der übersinnlichen Welt. Man muß den Weg vom einen zum anderen machen können, man muß sich orientieren können. Dieses Orientieren muß man auch erst lernen. Man lernt es dadurch, daß man durch fortgesetztes Meditieren, Sich-Durchmoralisieren Kräfte zuwachsen fühlt, die man in ihrer Tätigkeit als etwas ganz Merkwürdiges empfindet. Und da muß man darauf zurückkommen, wenn man es beschreiben will, daß zwar der elementarische Leib für das gewöhnliche Leben da ist, aber immerfort schlafend ist, und daß man ihn für das übersinnliche Wahrnehmen erst erwecken muß. Aber man muß in der Seele die Kräfte haben, um ihn zu erwecken. Was man da tut, erlebt man in einer ganz besonderen Weise. Ich kann es nur durch einen Vergleich klarmachen. |

Denken Sie sich, Sie schlafen ein und würden wissen: Im Bette liegt dein Leib, du kannst ihn nicht rühren, aber du bist dir bewußt, er ist da! Du aber gehst in eine geistige Welt hinein und kommst nach einiger Zeit wieder zurück, um diesen Leib wieder aufzuwekken. - Das kann bewußt geschehen. Aber wie es beim Menschen im gewöhnlichen Leben geschieht, so geschieht es unbewußt. Was ich Ihnen eben geschildert habe, das macht der Mensch durch; er wird in bezug auf seine Leiblichkeit wachend und schlafend, und er ist es selber, der sich aufweckt; nur hat er kein Bewußtsein, daß er es ist, der seinen physischen Leib erweckt. Wenn man die ersten Schritte zur Initiation durchgemacht hat, dann hat man dieses Bewußtsein. Daher ist es tatsächlich so, daß man weiß: Da hast du deinen elementarischen Leib. - Dem steht man so gegenüber, daß man fühlt: das ist der enger gebundene Teil, der dem Gehirn entspricht, dies der weiter bewegliche Teil, der den Händen entspricht, dies - das mag jetzt paradox erscheinen - der ganz bewegliche Teil, der den Füßen entspricht. Von alledem weiß man, aber das schläft an einem. Und indem man sich weiterentwickelt und die nötigen inneren seelischen Anstalten macht und hinkommt zur geistigen Welt, ist das ein fortwährendes Aufwecken. Einmal weckt man dieses Stück, ein andermal ein anderes Stück auf, einmal entzündet man diese Bewegung, einmal eine andere. Kurz, es ist ein bewußtes Auferwecken des elementarischen Leibes, so daß man sprechen könnte von einem Schlafzustand des elementarischen Leibes, in dem dieser gewöhnlich ist, und von einem Wachzustande, in welchen man ihn durch die Initiation bringt. Das ist der Unterschied in bezug auf Schlafen und Wachen beim physischen Leibe und beim elementarischen Leibe: beim physischen Leibe sind Schlafen und Wachen Wechselzustände, sie geschehen nacheinander; beim elementarischen Leibe geschieht nicht ein solches Nacheinander, da ist es ein Gleichzeitiges. So kann jemand dazu kommen, auf dem Wege zur Initiation durch die ersten Maßnahmen viel aufzuwecken in bezug auf die elementarischen Teile des Kopfes, während noch alles im tiefen Schlafe ist, was den Händen oder den Füßen entspricht. Während es beim physischen Leibe so ist, daß er einmal schläft und einmal wacht, ist es beim elementarischen Leibe so, daß nebeneinander sind die wachenden und die schlafenden Teile. Und darin besteht der Fortschritt, daß die schlafenden Teile immer mehr und mehr zu wachenden gemacht werden. Das ist es, was man eigentlich tut.

Wenn der Mensch nicht eine geistige Wesenheit wäre, so könnte es nicht geschehen, was ich zum Vergleich herangezogen habe, dann könnte er nicht seinen physischen Leib im Bette liegend haben und wahrnehmen, wie er ihn auferweckt. So ist aber das Seelische noch etwas Selbständiges gegenüber dem allen, was da erweckt wird. Was Stück für Stück dieses aufweckt, das ist nicht der elementarische Leib. Das ist etwas anderes. Und wenn Sie den Begriff fassen: in deiner Seele ist etwas, was eine tätige Herrschaft ausübt über den elementarischen Leib, so daß es ihn Stück für Stück auferweckt, dann haben Sie eine konkrete richtige Vorstellung dessen, was man astralischen Leib nennt. Und leben im astralischen Leibe, sich erleben im astralischen Leibe, heißt zunächst: sich erfühlen in einer Art innerer Kraftwesenheit, welche imstande ist, nach und nach, Stück für Stück, den schlafenden elementarischen Leib zum bewußten Leben zu erwecken. Es gibt also einen Zustand, den man so bezeichnen kann: man erlebt sich jetzt außerhalb des physischen Leibes, man erlebt sich aber nicht nur in dem elementarischen Leibe, sondern in dem astralischen Leibe.

Um sich klar zu werden über diesen Schritt der Initiation, ist es notwendig, daß man sich Unterscheidungsvermögen aneignet für das, was man bloß innerlich erleben kann, wenn man in seinen elementarischen Leib hineinkommt. Ich habe Ihnen geschildert, was man erlebt, wenn man in den elementarischen oder ätherischen Leib hineinkommt: man erweitert sich, man fließt aus. Das ist das konkrete Gefühl. Aber das ist auch das hauptsächlichste allgemeine Gefühl, das man hat: daß man aus dem physischen Leib herausdringt, immer weiter und weiter wird und sich hinausergießt in die Weiten der Welt. Das Sich-Hineinleben in den astralischen Leib und bewußt in dem leben, was Stück für Stück den elementarischen Leib erweckt, das ist noch mit etwas anderem verknüpft: mit einem Springen aus sich heraus, und etwas Ergreifen, was schon draußen war; nicht ein Erweitern dessen, was schon ist. Wenn man im elementarischen Leibe ist, weißß man: Der physische Leib gehört noch dazu. Wenn man sich aber in den astralischen Leib hineinlebt, so weiß man: Du bist, wie wenn du erst in dir gelebt hättest, aus dir heraus und in etwas anderes hineingedrungen, und jetzt ist dein physischer Leib - und vielleicht auch der elementarische - etwas außer dir; du bist etwas, worin du früher nicht gesteckt hast, und jetzt ist dein physischer Leib etwas, was dein Objekt geworden ist, was nicht mehr dein Subjekt ist; du schaust ihn von außen an.

Dieses sich Überspringen, sein eigener Anschauer sein und sich Erfassen, ist der Übergang zu dem Sein im astralischen Leibe. Wenn man da hinüberkommt, wenn man diesen Sprung getan hat und weiß: dies bist du nun, das schaust du an wie früher eine Pflanze oder einen Stein -, dann hat man zunächst ein Gefühl, von dem man sagen kann, es wird wohl keinem zu Initiierenden auf den ersten Stufen erspart bleiben; es ist die Empfindung: Nun bist du in der übersinnlichen Welt, da breitet sie sich aus, ins Unendliche hin. Man kann nicht einmal sagen «nach allen Seiten», denn sie hat viel mehr Seiten und auch ganz andere Dimensionen als die gewöhnliche Welt. Aber man ist allein drinnen. Man ist mit seinem Leben im astralischen Leibe drinnen - und überall die Welt, unendliche Ausbreitung, nirgends ein Wesen, man selbst allein! Und es überkommt einen, was man nennen kann: das seelisch höchst gesteigerte Einsamkeitsgefühl.

Es kommt darauf an, daß man solche Gefühle erträgt, daß man sie durchmachen kann, denn in dem Überwinden dieser Gefühle ergeben sich die Kräfte, die einen weiterführen, die zu Seherkräften werden. Und höchst real wird das, was ich in dem Drama «Der Hüter der Schwelle» in wenige Zeilen hineinzubringen versuchte, wo Maria den Johannes in die unendlichen Eisgefilde führt, wo die Menschenseele einsam, ganz einsam ist. Und ist man in dieser Einsamkeit drinnen, dann muß man warten, geduldig warten. Daß man warten kann, daß man sich soviel moralische Kraft angeeignet hat, um zu warten, davon hängt viel ab. Denn dann kommt etwas, was man sich so sagen kann: Ja, jetzt bist du innerhalb von Unendlichkeiten ganz allein, aber in dir steigt etwas auf wie lauter Erinnerungen, die doch wieder keine Erinnerungen sind. Ich sage, «wie lauter Erinnerungen, die doch wieder keine Erinnerungen sind», weil alle Erinnerungen des gewöhnlichen Lebens so sind, daß man sich erinnert an das, dem man einmal gegenübergestanden hat, was man einmal erlebt hat. Aber denken Sie sich, Sie ständen da mit dem Innern Ihrer Seele, und es tauchten Vorstellungen auf, die verlangen, daß Sie sie auf etwas beziehen. Aber Sie haben sie nie erlebt. Sie wissen, diese Vorstellungen beziehen sich auf Wesenheiten, aber Sie standen den Wesenheiten nie gegenüber. Dieses innere Heraufsteigen einer Welt, die einem unbekannt ist, von der man aber weiß: du trägst sie in dir, es sind lauter Abbildungen, das ist das nächste, was zu den Erlebnissen auf dem Wege zur Initiation gehört.

Und dann macht man eine sonderbare Erfahrung, die Erfahrung, daß man ein Verhältnis gewinnen kann zu dem, was da an Vorstellungen auftaucht, daß man lieben und hassen kann, was da auftaucht, daß man Ehrfurcht hegen kann gegenüber dem einen, Hochmut gegenüber dem anderen. Es erwacht nicht nur eine Summe von inneren Vorstellungen, sondern es erwacht etwas wie auf- und abwogende übersinnliche Gefühle und Empfindungen. Man ist ganz mit sich allein, allein mit seiner inneren Welt, welche da auftaucht. Man weiß zunächst selber nichts außer irgendeinem unbestimmten Dunkel, aber man ist voller Beziehung zu diesen Dingen. Nehmen wir ein charakteristisches Beispiel. Etwas, das da als Bild auftaucht, flößt einem Liebe ein. Jetzt ist man in einer starken Versuchung. Eine furchtbare Versuchung tritt auf, denn man liebt jetzt etwas, was in einem selber drinnen ist. Man ist der Versuchung ausgesetzt, die Sache deshalb zu lieben, weil sie einem selbst angehört, und man muß jetzt mit aller Kraft dahin wirken, daß man dieses Wesen nicht liebt, weil man es hat, sondern deshalb, weil es dieses oder jenes ist trotzdem es in einem ist. Selbstlos machen das, was in dem Selbst drinnen ist, das wird Aufgabe. Und das ist eine schwere Aufgabe, eine Aufgabe, mit der sich nichts Seelisches in der gewöhnlichen Sinneswelt vergleichen läßt. Im gewöhnlichen Sinnensein ist es gar nicht möglich, daß ein Mensch ganz selbstlos liebt, was in ihm drinnen ist. Das muß er aber, wenn er dort hinaufkommt. Dadurch, daß man das Wesen überstrahlt mit der Kraft der Liebe, strahlt es selber Kraft aus, und man merkt jetzt dadurch: das will aus einem heraus. Und man merkt weiter: Je mehr man selber Liebe anwenden kann, desto mehr bekommt es selber die Kraft, etwas, was wie eine Hülle in einem ist, zu durchbrechen und hinauszudringen in die Welt. Wenn man es haßt, bekommt es ebenso Kraft; es spannt einen dann, preßt einen und drängt sich durch, wie wenn sich die Lungen oder das Herz durch die Haut des Leibes durchdrängen wollten. Das geht durch alles, womit man sich durch Liebe und Haß in ein Verhältnis bringt. Aber der Unterschied zwischen beiden Erlebnissen ist der: Was man selbstlos liebt, das geht fort, aber man fühlt, es nimmt einen mit, man macht den Weg durch, den es selber durchmacht. Was man haßt oder dem gegenüber man hochmüitig ist, das durchreißt die Hülle und geht fort und läßt einen allein, und man bleibt in der Einsamkeit. Diesen Unterschied merkt man auf einer bestimmten Stufe sehr stark: man wird mitgenommen oder zurückgelassen. Und wenn man mitgenommen wird, so hat man die Möglichkeit, hinzukommen zu dem Wesen, das man in seinem Abbild erlebt hat. Man lernt es kennen. Und dadurch, daß in einem auftauchen die Abbilder von Wesen, die man noch nicht kennt, und man zu ihnen Beziehungen erhält, kommt man aus sich heraus und kommt zu der ganzen Bevölkerung, die man in einer zweiten geistigen Welt kennenlernt. Man lebt sich ein in eine Welt, welche gewöhnlich die devachanische Welt genannt wird, die eigentliche geistige Welt, nicht etwa in die astralische Welt. Denn das ist ein vollständiges Unding, daß der Mensch durch seinen astralischen Leib, den ich beschrieben habe als den Erwecker des elementarischen Leibes, in die astralische Welt käme, sondern man kommt in die eigentliche geistige Welt, in das, was in meiner «Theosophie» das Geisterland genannt wird, und steht lauter geistigen Wesenheiten gegenüber.

Wie man diese weiter kennenlernt, wie sie sich abstufen, wie sie zu dem werden, was beschrieben ist als die Welt der höheren Hierarchien, die wir kennengelernt haben von den Angeloi hinauf bis zu den Seraphim, davon morgen weiter.

Fourth Lecture

In order to address the topics of this short lecture series, we need the ideas we gained yesterday, as well as a few more that we must have if we want to characterize what was hinted at in the programmatic lecture the day before yesterday.

You will find that wherever initiation is mentioned in literature or elsewhere, it somehow touches on that mystery which is so close to everything human: the mystery of death. And you will find that in everything that could be called reports, it is pointed out that the initiate, at a certain stage, has to go through something in a slightly different form, just as it is when passing through the gate of death. For the occultist, these reports are indeed based on truth. For the experiences that must be undergone during the ascent into the spiritual worlds touch upon the same experiences that man must undergo during the natural transition from life in the sense body to that different life which takes place in a completely different envelope between death and a new birth. If one really wants to get to the heart of the matter, one must first ask: What does man actually know himself to be in ordinary life? It may not be particularly interesting to raise such an abstract question, but in order to understand the process of initiation, it is necessary to consider this question: What does the soul know itself to be?

The soul does not know what it is during sleep, for either sleep takes place in unconsciousness, or dreams intrude into sleep, which must first be interpreted by occultism if one wants to understand them correctly. When we ask: What is the human being, what is his soul in ordinary consciousness? — we can therefore only consider the question of everyday life. Now we know that there are first of all those gates which we call our sense organs, through which the world of colors and light, the world of sounds, the world of smells, warmth and cold, and so on, stream into our soul, and what we call our world in our sensory existence is basically only a summary of everything that streams in through the gates of our senses. Then we have the instrument of our intellect, our feelings, our will; with this we process what we encounter in the outer world. Desires, wishes, aspirations, satisfactions, dissatisfactions, bliss, disappointments, and so on arise in our soul, and when we actually consider the whole scope of what man knows himself to be, it is all of this. If one wants to recognize what the inner world is in ordinary life, one can actually cite nothing other than the sum of what has now been characterized. In doing so, man can also look at himself from the outside. He can look at his body. Through the most varied facts, which need not be explained in detail here, he becomes aware that he must regard his body as his tool for waking life between birth and death. Longings that we have already touched upon play into this life; the longing to know what man actually is within the limits of birth and death plays into it, the longing to escape from what one might call the darkness of life. But beyond that, man has nothing else at first, has no experiences in the ordinary sense of the word. His experiences are such that the rising and falling drives, desires, sensory impressions, ideas, combinations of the intellect, and so on fill his waking daily life. Let us now connect this with what we encountered at the end of yesterday's lecture.

We pointed out how, when humans reach the boundary between sensory existence and spiritual existence, they must change their ideas, leaving behind what they have thought about ugly and beautiful, true and false, good and evil, because these concepts take on a completely different meaning and a value that points in completely different directions when one enters the spiritual worlds. From this alone we can get an idea of how we must change if we want to enter the spiritual worlds. Now, after observing what human beings know themselves to be in their waking daily life between birth and death, we can ask ourselves, in relation to what was said yesterday: What can human beings take with them across the threshold where the guardian stands, of all that they know themselves to be? What can he take with him across the boundary where the guardian of the threshold stands, of all that he experiences and learns in his sense life in terms of drives, desires, and passions, of his feelings and ideas, of the concepts and judgments he forms with his intellect? Yes, it is one of the first steps of initiation for a person to learn that of all that can be listed as what one is, one can take nothing with oneself! And it is not exaggerated or paradoxical to say that literally nothing of what can be spoken of in the sense life can be taken into the spiritual world; everything must be left behind at the threshold where the guardian stands.

But now make one thing clear to yourself: there is one thing that clings to everything that you know as yourself in your senses, something extremely important, something that is really what matters in the steps of initiation. It is attached to the fact that one loves and cherishes it and that one cannot even get by if one applies the ordinary, somewhat unsympathetic concept of egoism to it. It is not enough to say that human beings should renounce their egoism and then they will pass over into the spiritual world selflessly. That is easy to say, if one may speak trivially. But this egoism is, in the more secret, finer structures of its being, intimately connected with what we not only consider valuable in life out of egoism, but must consider valuable because it is what makes us human beings in the world in which we have to live. We are human beings because we can hold together what we experience and because we can think about it in a certain way, because we can experience it. All this makes us the human beings we are. And what we can achieve in the ordinary sense of the word, we achieve because we value our ability to hold together in our personality, in our individuality, what we experience. And if we did not value what we experience, we would become lazy or sluggish people in life and achieve nothing for the ordinary world. It would therefore be superficial to say that egoism is to be regarded as something harmful under all circumstances. For in its finer structure, it means the force that drives human beings forward in the world in which they happen to be incarnated. And yet, all of this must be discarded, it must be left behind, for the simple reason that it is unsuitable for the world we must enter. Just as our physical body is unsuitable for an iron bath at 900°C, so what we call our self, with everything we love in the ordinary world, is unsuitable for the spiritual world. And we must leave it behind for the simple reason that something similar would happen to us as would happen to our physical body if we threw ourselves into an iron bath at 900°C: we would not be able to remain there, we would perish.

Now a thought will occur to you that is quite natural, but which must be grasped and felt in its depth: the thought: If I now lay aside everything that I am, everything that can be spoken of in the realm of the senses, what then actually remains for me? Can I then still enter the spiritual world myself if I must first lay myself aside? This is because human beings cannot take anything that they know they are into the supersensible worlds, and everything they can take into these worlds is something they know nothing about in the ordinary world. These are the hidden elements of existence lying in the depths of the soul, which are within the human being, of which he knows nothing. And they must be so strong that the human being brings into the spiritual worlds what is necessary from what he does not know, when he has to leave behind everything he knows. In order to grasp this idea, or rather this feeling, thoroughly, connect what has just been said with the ordinary thought of death. It is only natural for ordinary sensory life that human beings love everything that they can describe as themselves. And because they know nothing more about themselves, their longing for immortality includes a longing to retain what they love in their sensory existence. That is why the shudder can become so great and a feeling of fear can arise before the spiritual world, because the thought must arise: You are entering into something insubstantial and indeterminate, you do not know whether you can preserve yourself there, for that which you know will be lost to you!

Now it is part of initiation that what lies in the hidden depths of the soul in terms of elements of existence is brought up during the life of the senses and made conscious. This happens in part through the means described in How to Know Higher Worlds, in which experiences are brought up from the depths of the soul into consciousness, emerging as a kind of condensed, intensified soul life. And this condensed, intensified soul life, about which one otherwise knows nothing, can pass over into the spiritual world. Therefore, through meditation, concentration, and what is called “thought-powerful behavior of the soul” in “The Guardian of the Threshold,” one prepares oneself to take something with oneself into the spiritual world, to be able to exist there. But what happens to what one has left behind?

This is something extremely important. First of all, if one were to describe it figuratively and vividly, one could really say: What one can talk about in the sense life, what one knows, one lays down at the boundary with the guardian of the threshold, as if one were taking off one's clothes and passing over without clothes in relation to everything soul-related into the spiritual world. Figuratively speaking, that is quite correct. But initiation requires that not only this happens, but that something else happens as well: that one lays aside one's self and everything that is part of oneself, but takes something with one, otherwise one loses all connection with the being that one knew before. So one must take something with one! We are faced here with a contradiction, but one that is very easy to resolve: that we are to leave everything behind and yet take something with us from what we leave behind. You will easily understand what this means for the soul when it goes through this process if I compare it with a phenomenon of ordinary life. There is a similar process in life that we can compare with this other one, although it is much more powerful and intense. It is the process of remembering something we have experienced in life. What you experienced yesterday, you have left behind, but you have taken it with you in your memory. What matters is that through previous meditations, concentrations, and so on, you have prepared yourself so that when you cross the threshold into the spiritual worlds, you have the power to hold on to what you have left behind in a supersensible memory. If you are not prepared in the appropriate way, you do not have this power to remember. Then you are nothing to your consciousness, because you know nothing about yourself. This is what it means to remember what you have left behind through supersensible memory when you are in the spiritual world. Otherwise, you can take nothing with you but these memories, and taking them with you preserves what you might call continuity, the preservation of the self. Even in ordinary life, the connection between consciousness and the actual self is lost when one has to simply erase things from one's consciousness that one should remember—let's say, many things in our lives—and has forgotten them in a pathological way. Much in ordinary life depends on continuous memory. Everything that makes the first steps of initiation possible depends on memory in the supersensible life—on preserving the memory of ordinary life. This memory is possible, and it comes about through initiation, and from it you can pull the thread back to the mystery of death. When a person passes through death, they do not have the same powers that they acquire through initiation, but in a certain sense they receive powers when they lay down their body, with the help of other beings from the supersensible world. They gain the ability to preserve the memory of what they have forgotten by laying down their body. And now you have the real opportunity to answer the question: What remains of my soul experiences when I have passed through the gate of death? How does the soul live on? That is the most important question. And through the experience of the initiated, you have the answer: the soul lives on because in the deep, hidden depths of the soul there are powers that can hold on to what has been experienced in memory. To be immortal means to have the power to preserve in memory the past existence that has died. That is the actual definition of human immortality. Initiation provides the proof, the experiential proof, that there are forces living within human beings that enable them, after laying down their physical body, to remember everything they have experienced in their sensory existence and in general. In this way, human beings preserve themselves through the future; in this way, they experience their former existence as memories in their future existence. Feel the full power of the thought that arises through initiation and that can be expressed in the words: The human being is of such a nature that, through the powers of supersensible memory, it carries its own being through future times. If you feel this thought, feel it in the emptiness of the universe in such a way that you imagine the soul carrying itself through eternity, then you have a much better definition of what is called a monad than could be given by any philosophical concept. For then you feel what a monad is, a self-contained, self-sustaining being. These things can only be understood through the experiences of initiation.

That is only one side of what I have to describe to you. We must examine the first steps of initiation more closely if we want to gain a feeling for what initiation can give us. Let us assume that a person, through the power of thought, or, to use a foreign word, through meditation, has brought himself to the point where he can perceive outside his physical body, where he can initially perceive in his elemental or etheric body. This perception is experienced in the body that is more closely connected in its individual parts to the brain and less closely connected, for example, to the hands. The feeling of empathizing with the elemental body is experienced through the sensation that you are expanding, becoming broader, flowing out into the indefinite expanses of the world. That is the subjective feeling. But it is not as if one runs out into nothingness and indeterminacy; rather, everything concrete is there. One lives oneself into pure concreteness and at the same time gains very specific experiences in this expansion. One feeling in particular is easy to experience, and unless very special circumstances prevail, anyone undergoing the first steps of initiation will hardly be spared this experience. It is the experience of anxiety, of fear, the experience of being in the universe with no ground beneath one's feet, a feeling of oppression in the soul. These are the inner experiences one goes through. But then there is something even more important.

In ordinary life, when one thinks, has an idea, when one thought follows another, one adds one thought to another, perhaps adding feelings, desires, wants, and so on, and in a healthy soul life, one will always have the possibility of saying: I think this, I feel that. For it would be an interruption, a disturbance of healthy soul life, if one did not have the possibility of speaking in this way. As one grows into the elemental or etheric body, one expands, but at the same time one's thoughts expand. One loses the feeling of being within oneself when one thinks, and one gets the feeling of growing into the elemental world, which is permeated by thoughts, and these thoughts think themselves. This occurs as an experience. It is as if one were extinguished and as if thoughts were thinking themselves, as if the feelings that one has oneself or that things have were felt as if one could not will oneself, but as if everything within oneself were awakening to will. Being devoted to objectivity, to the world, is a feeling that one has. But it is usually the case – and this is again an experience in the first steps of initiation – that another feeling joins in. To the same extent that one expands, that thoughts think themselves, that sensations feel themselves, consciousness becomes weaker and weaker, more and more attuned downward; knowledge becomes numb.

Now, when such experiences are made in the soul, it is necessary to allow something very specific to enter the soul. It is necessary that these things be grasped as accurately as possible by the soul. That is why I have compiled, if not the same things, then at least similar things that point in the same direction, in the book “A Path to Self-Knowledge for Human Beings,” and you will be able to gain much from it if you connect the lectures with this book. A very specific spiritual state, which one brings about oneself, must then occur, similar to what I described yesterday. One must practice self-reflection, must try relentlessly and ruthlessly to reproach oneself for the rather gross mistakes one knows one has made, so that one realizes how little one actually corresponds to the great ideal of humanity. One must empathize with this lack of conformity to the great ideal of humanity: in a meditative manner, with powerful thoughts, one must call to mind one's moral or other weaknesses. When one does this, one becomes stronger. And what has already begun to subside, what has already presented itself as if it wanted to disappear in a kind of spiritual faintness, becomes brighter again. One begins to see it again. But on this occasion one experiences something else that can be put into simple words, but which is oppressive and even disturbing in the first steps on the path to initiation. These are all words that are meant for the soul life, not for the physical life, because those who are properly guided into the spiritual world have also been instructed that one cannot speak of external physical dangers. Such a person, if they truly follow the good advice, can remain the same person outwardly in life, even though inwardly they are tossed about by all kinds of torment, pain, disappointments, and perhaps also anticipated bliss. But such things must be gone through, for in them lie the seeds of higher vision, of higher insight. One learns to recognize something: one learns by observing, perceiving, and experiencing outside the physical body, that is, by coming to live in the elemental body, that one grows into the elemental world in the manner described. But then, when one does what has just been described, one learns the reason why this elemental world disappears as if in a kind of powerlessness, which one might express in dry words by saying: This world does not like you, it finds that you do not fit in. And this fading away, this disappearance, is simply an expression of the fact that it does not let you in. But by reproaching yourself for your mistakes, you become stronger, and what had disappeared at first brightens up again. But this gives you the distinct feeling that a supernatural world of an elementary nature surrounds you, but you are only allowed to enter it to a certain extent. To the extent that you make yourself morally and intellectually stronger and stronger, it lets you in, otherwise not; and it shows this by disappearing before you.

That is the exciting, oppressive, and sometimes exhausting or consuming thing about it—the struggle for the spiritual world, so to speak, and the awareness of how unworthy one is of it. And by vigorously continuing self-reflection and the powerful behavior of the soul, i.e., meditation, concentration, and permeating oneself with moral impulses, one can enter more and more into the elemental world in this way. But this entry into the elemental world is actually only the first stage of initiation. If we want to discuss the next stage, we must draw attention to a highly peculiar phenomenon for which there is actually no real equivalent in ordinary sensory perception.

What a person lives in after they have attained elementary perception is their elementary body. But they already had this before. The difference between the elementary body before and after supersensible observation is only that the elementary body is, as it were, awakened through initiation. Whereas it was previously asleep, so to speak, it is now awakened. That is actually the most accurate expression that can be used for this phenomenon. But one thing will be noticed. Once one has acquired the ability, through certain measures taken in one's soul life, to see one or another fact or one or another being of the elementary world, then one sees precisely this one being. Now suppose you have made your preparations to such an extent that you see one being or a second being. If you maintain the same power, you will probably see this one or the second being again and again. That is not difficult. But you will not easily see anything else. If you take a break and come back later, you will see the same thing again. In short, the elemental world is not like the sensory world. In the latter, once the eyes are prepared, they see everything possible; once the ears are prepared, they hear everything equally. This is not the case in the elemental world. There you must prepare the parts of your elemental body anew, piece by piece, from one nature to another. You have to search the whole world, you have to awaken the etheric body again and again for each individual being. For you only establish a relationship, a kinship, with what you have seen once, for which you have awakened the etheric body once, and you must always awaken new relationships. The etheric body cannot do this alone. It cannot control itself; it can only return to the same being, or it can wait until it is prepared to see other beings. A person who has taken the first steps on the path to initiation and has reached the point of seeing this or that being, this or that process, cannot yet orient themselves in the spiritual, supersensible world. They cannot do so because they do not have free access to the beings and cannot freely compare one being with another. If one wants to orient oneself, one must not merely look, but say with certainty: this or that is a being, this or that is a process—one must be able to compare it with other beings and processes in the supersensible world. One must be able to make the transition from one to the other; one must be able to orient oneself. This orientation must also be learned. One learns it by feeling, through continuous meditation and moralization, that one is gaining powers which one experiences as something very strange in their activity. And here one must return to the point that, although the elementary body is there for ordinary life, it is always asleep and must first be awakened for supersensible perception. But one must have the powers in one's soul to awaken it. What one does there is experienced in a very special way. I can only make it clear by means of a comparison.

Imagine you fall asleep and know that your body is lying in bed, you cannot move it, but you are aware that it is there! But you enter a spiritual world and after some time you return to awaken this body again. This can happen consciously. But as it happens in ordinary human life, it happens unconsciously. What I have just described to you is what human beings go through; they become awake and asleep in relation to their physical body, and it is they themselves who wake themselves up; only they are not conscious that it is they who awaken their physical body. Once you have taken the first steps toward initiation, you have this consciousness. Therefore, it is indeed true that one knows: there you have your elemental body. One stands before it and feels: this is the more tightly bound part, which corresponds to the brain; this is the more mobile part, which corresponds to the hands; and this — though it may seem paradoxical — is the completely mobile part, which corresponds to the feet. You know all this, but it lies dormant within you. And as you develop further and make the necessary inner soul preparations and arrive at the spiritual world, it is a continuous awakening. Sometimes you awaken one part, sometimes another; sometimes you ignite one movement, sometimes another. In short, it is a conscious awakening of the elemental body, so that one could speak of a state of sleep of the elemental body, in which it is usually found, and of a state of wakefulness into which it is brought through initiation. This is the difference between sleeping and waking in the physical body and in the elemental body: in the physical body, sleeping and waking are alternating states, they happen one after the other; in the elemental body, there is no such succession, it is simultaneous. Thus, on the path to initiation, someone may, through the first measures, awaken much in relation to the elemental parts of the head, while everything corresponding to the hands or feet is still in deep sleep. While it is the case with the physical body that it is sometimes asleep and sometimes awake, with the elemental body the waking and sleeping parts exist side by side. And progress consists in the sleeping parts being made more and more awake. That is what one actually does.

If human beings were not spiritual beings, what I have used as a comparison could not happen; they could not have their physical body lying in bed and perceive how it is awakened. But the soul is still something independent of everything that is awakened. What awakens this piece by piece is not the elemental body. It is something else. And when you grasp the concept that there is something in your soul that exercises an active dominion over the elemental body, so that it awakens it piece by piece, then you have a concrete and correct idea of what is called the astral body. And to live in the astral body, to experience oneself in the astral body, means first of all to feel oneself in a kind of inner power being that is capable of gradually, piece by piece, awakening the sleeping elemental body to conscious life. There is therefore a state that can be described as follows: you now experience yourself outside the physical body, but you experience yourself not only in the elemental body, but also in the astral body.

In order to understand this step of initiation, it is necessary to acquire the ability to distinguish between what can only be experienced inwardly when one enters one's elemental body. I have described to you what one experiences when one enters the elemental or etheric body: one expands, one flows out. That is the concrete feeling. But that is also the main general feeling one has: that one is emerging from the physical body, becoming wider and wider and pouring out into the vastness of the world. Living into the astral body and consciously living in what gradually awakens the elemental body is connected with something else: with leaping out of oneself and grasping something that was already outside; not expanding what already is. When you are in the elemental body, you know that the physical body still belongs to it. But when you live into the astral body, you know that You are as if you had first lived within yourself, then stepped out of yourself and entered into something else, and now your physical body—and perhaps also your elemental body—is something outside of you; you are something in which you were not previously, and now your physical body is something that has become your object, something that is no longer your subject; you look at it from outside.

This leap, being your own observer and grasping yourself, is the transition to being in the astral body. When you get there, when you have made this leap and know: this is you now, this is what you are looking at, as you used to look at a plant or a stone – then you initially have a feeling that can be said to be common to all initiates at the first stages; it is the sensation: now you are in the supersensible world, there it spreads out, into infinity. You cannot even say “in all directions,” because it has many more sides and also completely different dimensions than the ordinary world. But you are alone inside. You are inside with your life in your astral body—and everywhere is the world, infinite expanse, nowhere a being, you alone! And you are overcome by what can be called the most intensified feeling of loneliness.

It is important to be able to endure such feelings, to go through them, because in overcoming these feelings, the forces that carry you forward, that become clairvoyant powers, emerge. And this becomes very real in the drama “The Guardian of the Threshold,” where I tried to convey in a few lines how Mary leads John into the endless ice fields, where the human soul is lonely, completely lonely. And when you are in this loneliness, you have to wait, wait patiently. Much depends on whether you can wait, whether you have acquired enough moral strength to wait. For then something comes that you can say to yourself: Yes, now you are completely alone within infinity, but something rises up within you like memories that are not memories. I say “like memories that are not memories,” because all memories of ordinary life are such that one remembers what one once encountered, what one once experienced. But imagine you are standing there with the innermost part of your soul, and images arise that demand that you relate them to something. But you have never experienced them. You know that these ideas relate to beings, but you have never encountered these beings. This inner emergence of a world that is unknown to you, but which you know you carry within you, is nothing but images, and this is the next step on the path to initiation.

And then you have a strange experience, the experience that you can gain a relationship to the ideas that arise, that you can love and hate what arises, that you can feel reverence for one thing and arrogance toward another. Not only does a sum of inner ideas awaken, but something like surging and ebbing supersensible feelings and sensations awaken. One is completely alone with oneself, alone with one's inner world that emerges. At first, one knows nothing except some kind of indefinite darkness, but one is full of relationships to these things. Let us take a characteristic example. Something that appears as an image inspires love in you. Now you are in a strong temptation. A terrible temptation arises, because you now love something that is inside yourself. You are exposed to the temptation to love the thing because it belongs to you, and you must now use all your strength to ensure that you do not love this being because you have it, but because it is this or that, even though it is within you. The task is to make what is within the self selfless. And that is a difficult task, a task that cannot be compared to anything spiritual in the ordinary sensory world. In ordinary sensory existence, it is not at all possible for a person to love what is within them completely selflessly. But they must do so if they want to reach that level. By shining the power of love upon the essence, it radiates power itself, and one now realizes: this wants to come out of you. And one notices further: the more one can apply love oneself, the more one gains the power to break through something that is like a shell within oneself and to push out into the world. If one hates it, it also gains power; it then strains, presses, and pushes through, as if the lungs or the heart wanted to push through the skin of the body. This applies to everything with which you enter into a relationship through love and hate. But the difference between the two experiences is this: what you love selflessly goes away, but you feel that it takes you with it, you make the journey that it makes. What you hate or are arrogant towards tears through the shell and goes away, leaving you alone, and you remain in solitude. You notice this difference very strongly at a certain stage: you are taken away or left behind. And when you are taken away, you have the opportunity to come to the being that you have experienced in its image. You get to know it. And through the emergence within oneself of images of beings one does not yet know, and through establishing relationships with them, one comes out of oneself and joins the entire population one gets to know in a second spiritual world. One lives into a world that is usually called the devachanic world, the actual spiritual world, not the astral world. For it is completely absurd that human beings should enter the astral world through their astral body, which I have described as the awakener of the elemental body. Rather, one enters the actual spiritual world, what is called the spirit world in my Theosophy, and is confronted with nothing but spiritual beings.

How one gets to know them further, how they are graded, how they become what is described as the world of the higher hierarchies, which we have come to know from the Angeloi up to the Seraphim, will be continued tomorrow.