The Fifth Gospel Volume 2
GA 148
17 December 1913, Cologne
Lecture I
This evening and tomorrow I feel obliged to speak to you of what we have become accustomed to call the Mystery of Golgotha, but I will attempt to speak of it in a somewhat different way than until now. What has been said previously, although certainly esoteric, has had a more esoteric-theoretical content. I have spoken about the essence and significance of the Mystery of Golgotha for humanity. That it is to a certain extent the central phenomenon for the whole evolution of humanity on earth and to what extent it is the central phenomenon has been considered. This has been taken wholly from sources of occult investigation. The thought-sources have been broached which stream out from the Mystery of Golgotha and which develop and are living in our earthly evolution. If human evolution on earth is observed from a clairvoyant vantage point, the significance of the Mystery of Golgotha can be grasped.
Now, however, I am obliged to speak more concretely about the events which took place at the beginning of our [Christian] era. I will speak of the events, the forces which live on in the aura of the earth, and which may be observed esoterically. Tomorrow I will speak of the reasons why now, in our times, these things must be revealed within our anthroposophical circles. Today I will try to indicate some of the things that occurred in Palestine at the beginning of our era. And I hope that in your hearts, in your souls, when the event of Golgotha, which [until now] has been characterized more in conceptual form, does not lose any of its significance if we look directly and concretely at what happened at that time.
In lecture cycles about the Gospels of Luke and Matthew, I have already had the opportunity of speaking about this subject. It is a fact that two Jesus children were born at approximately the same time at the beginning of our era. I pointed out that those two Jesus children were very different as far as character and capabilities are concerned. The Jesus very well described by the Gospel of Matthew descended from the Solomon line of the House of David. In him lived the soul, or the “I” of the person we know as Zarathustra.
[Translator's note: In other places, Rudolf Steiner went into more detail about the two Jesus Children. But as his audience here was familiar with the subject, he only gave a kind of resumé. For the interested readers I suggest they compare the birth stories in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. They will note immediately that the genealogies of the two boys are completely different from King David to Joseph, the father of Jesus. They will also see that in Luke there are shepherds and “no room at the inn” and the famous stable where Jesus was born, and there are no kings or magi. In Matthew the three kings/magi are indeed an important presence. But they do not adore a carpenter's son born in a stable. No, they have come to Bethlehem to salute the new or future King of the Jews. Although Matthew does not describe the birthplace, it is unlikely to be a stable. The flight to Egypt does not occur in Luke, only in Matthew, whose parents had more to fear, living as they were with the future king. Furthermore it is most strange that Jesus the carpenter's son was so well educated that he could teach the rabbis in the temple. Ah, but that was the Jesus according to Luke. The Jesus described by Matthew descended from a royal family and would be in infinitely better condition to do so. Taking all these things, and more, into consideration, it can be considered obvious that there were indeed two Jesus children.]
When we consider such an incarnation, we must be especially clear about one thing: that even when such an advanced individual, as Zarathustra certainly was, is again incarnated—namely in the time he was born as Jesus—in no way must he know in childhood or youth that he is that individual. It is not necessary to be able to say: I am this person or that person. That is not the case. It is, however, true that in such cases the enhanced capacities gained by having passed through such an incarnation become evident early and thus define the child's character. So it was that the Solomon Jesus child—as I would like to call him—in whom the I of Zarathustra lived, was endowed with enhanced capabilities which enabled him to easily absorb the culture and the knowledge to which his earthly contemporaries had attained. In that child's environment—especially in those times—existed the whole cultural civilization of humanity in words, gestures and deeds—in short, in all that could be seen and heard. A normal child absorbed little of what he saw and heard. This child, however, absorbed with great ease all the sparse indications in which existed everything humanity had achieved by then. In short, he proved himself to be greatly gifted at absorbing all the available scholarly knowledge. Today we would call such a child “highly gifted”. Up until his twelfth year he quickly learned everything to be learned in his environment.
The other Jesus was completely different. His character is well reflected in the Gospel of Luke. He descended from the Nathan line of the House of David. He had no gift for scholarly learning, nor did he show interest in it up until his twelfth year. On the other hand, he showed to a high degree what we can call capacity of the heart, compassion for all human happiness and suffering. He showed himself to be especially capable in that he concentrated less on himself and was less able to attain exterior knowledge. But from earliest childhood on he felt the suffering and the joy of others as his own suffering and his own joy. He could transpose himself into the souls of others; he possessed this ability in the highest degree. The Akasha Record indicates that the differences between the two Jesus children could not have been greater.
After both boys had reached their twelfth year, an event occurred which I have often characterized: that when the Nathan-Jesus traveled to Jerusalem with his parents, the I of Zarathustra, which had been in the other, the Solomon-Jesus, left his body and took possession of the Nathan Jesus's physical, etheric and astral bodies. The result was, therefore, that everything that this royal-I was capable of was now active in the soul of the other, the Nathan-Jesus child. And this boy, now possessing all of Zarathustra's power, without knowing it, caused astonishment in the scholars among whom he emerged teaching—as it is also described in the Bible. I have also indicated how the other, the Solomon-Jesus, from whom the I had departed, soon thereafter declined and, after a relatively short time, died.
It must be understood that when the I of a person leaves him—as was the case with the Solomon-Jesus child—he does not necessarily die immediately. Just as a ball continues to roll on for a time under its own inertia, so does such a person continue to live on through the strength which lives within him. Now someone who cannot observe human souls in a precise way will notice little difference between a person who has lost his I and a person who still has one. Because in normal life the I in a person we are observing does not play such a dominant role. What we experience in another person is to a very small extent a direct manifestation of his I, but rather the manifestation of his I through the astral body. That other Jesus-child retained his astral body, however, and only someone who can carefully distinguish—and it is not easy—whether old habits and thoughts still continue to act in a person or whether new elements are present, can thereby determine if the I is still present or not. But a decline begins, a kind of dying out, a withering away. And such was the case with this Jesus boy.
Then, through a stroke of karma, the biological mother of the Nathan-Jesus and also the father of the Solomon-Jesus died soon after the passing over of the Zarathustra-I from one boy to the other. And the father of the Nathan-Jesus and the mother of the Solomon-Jesus became a married couple. The Nathan-Jesus had no physical siblings, and the step-siblings whom he now acquired were the siblings of the Solomon-Jesus. From the two families one was formed, which henceforth resided in the town now called Nazareth—so that when we refer to the Nathan-Jesus, in whom the Zarathustra-I lived, we use the expression: Jesus of Nazareth.
Today I would like to relate something about the life of Jesus of Nazareth as a youth—from research in the Akasha Record—in a way that enables you to understand a certain important moment in the earth's evolution which the Mystery of Golgotha had prepared.
For a seer the life of Jesus can be clearly divided into three phases. The conversation with the scholars in his twelfth year had already shown that he possessed an inner capacity, provided by the passing over of the Zarathustra-I, to be enlightened, to receive enlightenment and to connect it with the capacities which lived in the soul of Zarathustra. It was shown that an enormous force of inner experience was in his soul, so that as he developed from his twelfth to his seventeenth and eighteenth years it can be seen how inner enlightenment became richer and richer, and especially enlightenment related to the evolution of the ancient Hebrews and the Hebrew people in general.
At the time Jesus lived in the Hebrew people, the grandeur of what had existed as secrets of the cosmos during the times of the ancient prophets was no longer present. Many of the old revelations of the prophets lived on, but the original capacity to receive spiritual secrets directly from the spiritual world had faded out long before. They were studied from the preserved scriptures. There were still some, such as the famous Rabbi Hillel, who, because of his individual development was still able to perceive something of what the ancient prophets had proclaimed. But that force, which existed during the ancient epoch of the Hebrew people, the time of the prophetic revelations, was long since no longer present in those few individuals. A decline in the spiritual development of the Hebrew people was clearly apparent. Now, however, what had once been revealed during the time of the prophets emerged from the depths of Jesus of Nazareth's soul as inner enlightenment.
But I wish to draw your attention less to the historical fact that in one person what had been revealed during the prophets' time appeared again by means of inner enlightenment. I would rather like to emphasize to you what it felt for such a relatively young soul—the soul of the thirteen to fourteen year old Jesus of Nazareth—to feel a revelation coming to him in total isolation, a revelation which no one else in his surroundings felt. At most the best of them perhaps had a dim glimmer of it.
Try to imagine yourselves in such a position, in the soul of someone possessing such great knowledge alone, and understand that the Mystery of Golgotha had to be prepared by such feelings of loneliness and isolation taking possession of Jesus of Nazareth's soul. When you stand alone on a psychic island as he did, who from his childhood on had felt such solidarity with all men, but now did not feel that he could share his knowledge with them because they had sunken to a level where they could no longer receive the revelation. He suffered greatly having to know something which the others could not comprehend, but also wishing so strongly that it could also arise in their souls that a mission was being prepared.
All that gave him the fundamental impulse to say: a voice resounds in me from the spiritual world. If humans could hear it, it would provide an infinite blessing for them. In olden times there were people who could hear it. Now, however, they have no ears with which to hear. That pain of solitude pressed ever deeper on his soul.
Such was Jesus of Nazareth's inner life from his twelfth to his eighteenth year. For this reason he was not understood by his biological father and his stepmother, and even less so by his step-siblings, who often mocked him and considered him half mad. He worked hard in his father's carpentry. But while he was working the feelings I have just described lived on in his soul.
Then, when he was around eighteen, he left home to travel. He went through Palestine and the surrounding pagan areas, working at his trade. He was led by his karma. As he wandered through Palestine his extraordinary character was seen by all the people he met. During the day he worked, evenings he sat together with the people. And the people with whom he sat from his nineteenth until around his twenty-fourth year had the feeling, although they were not always conscious of it, that he was an extraordinary individual, such a one as they had never encountered before; they could not even have imagined that such a one existed. They did not know what to make of him.
If you wish to understand this, to penetrate into the secrets of human evolution, it is necessary to take into account that experiencing what the young Jesus of Nazareth did—as I have just described—causes deep sorrow in the soul. But this sorrow is transformed into love. And much deep love in life is transformed sorrow of this kind.
Deep sorrow, pain, has the capacity to transform itself into love, which does not merely act like ordinary love, but through the very existence of the loving being streams out like far reaching auras. So those people who were together then with Jesus believed that they were in the presence of much more than a mere man. And when he had departed from a place and they sat together evenings, they had the sense of his real presence. They felt as though he were still there. And it happened more and more that the people with whom he had stayed, when they sat together around the table, had visions in common. They saw him enter as a spirit-figure. Each one had this vision at the same time, that Jesus was once again among them, that he spoke with them, told them things just as he had once done in physical form. He was visible among them long after he had left. What caused this effect was pain and sorrow transformed into love. The people with whom he was felt themselves to be united with him in a special way. They felt that they were never again separated from him. They felt that he remained with them and that he always returned.
But he did not only travel around in Palestine, his karma also led him to pagan places. (It would take too long to describe here the reasons for his karma doing this.) This was after he had recognized the declining developments in Judaism. And he learned how in the religious rituals of the pagans, just as in Judaism, what was originally revelation had also died out. Thus in the second phase he had to experience the decline of humanity from a previous spiritual plateau. But he perceived how paganism declined differently than Judaism.
His perception of Judaism's decline was a more inner experience, gained by enlightenment. He saw how the revelations from the spiritual world which were once proclaimed by the prophets had ceased because there were no longer ears to hear them. He learned about how it was with paganism in a place where the ancient pagan religious services had fallen into disrepair, and where the fall of paganism was physically evident. The inhabitants of the place had fallen victim to leprosy and other hideous diseases. Some had become malignant, others lame. The priests abandoned them and had fled. When Jesus was first seen, the news spread like wildfire that someone very special had arrived. For now even in his outer appearance he had achieved the transformed suffering which was love. They saw that a being had come like none who had ever walked on the earth. Soon the news spread and many came running to him, for they thought a priest had been sent to them who would again officiate at the sacrifices. Their own priests had fled—so they came running. The Akasha record shows this, just as I am describing it.
He had no intention of officiating at the pagan sacrifice. However, he now saw in vivid imaginations the enigma of the decline of pagan spirituality. He could directly perceive what had flowed into the secrets of the pagan mysteries: that the forces of high divine beings had flown down to the sacrificial altars. But now instead of the forces of the good spirits streaming down, all kinds of demons, emissaries of Lucifer and Ahriman, streamed down to the holy altars. He perceived the fall of pagan spiritual life not by inner enlightenment, as with Judaism, but through external visions.
It is very different to get to know things theoretically than to visualize how once divine-spiritual forces flowed down to an altar and now demons did so, which caused abnormal mental states, diseases and so forth. Such spiritual visualization is quite different from knowing something theoretically. But Jesus of Nazareth was to see this in direct spiritual visualization, see how the emissaries of Lucifer and Ahriman worked. He was to see how they did harm to the people.
Suddenly he fell down as though dead. Frightened, the people fled. But as he lay there as though carried off to a spiritual world, he received an impression of all the ancient revelations that had once been told to the pagans. Therefore, just as he had perceived the secrets which had been proclaimed to the old prophets and which were now not even a shadow in Jewish culture, through spiritual inspiration he was able to hear in which way they had been proclaimed to the pagans.
The strongest impression made on him was what I attempted to investigate, and what I spoke of for the first time on the occasion of the foundation stone laying of our building in Dornach. It could be called The Reverse Our Father, because it was the reverse of the substantial content of the prayer the Christ Jesus' disciples attributed to him. Jesus of Nazareth perceived something like a reverse Our Father, so that he was able to feel in these words the secret of human evolution and incorporations in earthly incarnations in a concentrated format.
Amen,
Evil rules,
Witness of the dissolving I,
Selfhood's guilt to others attributed,
Experienced in daily bread,
In which heaven's will be not done,
For man deserted your kingdom
And forgot your names,
You fathers in the heavens.
That is—in stammering words—what expresses something like the laws governing how human beings incarnate from the macro-cosmos into the micro-cosmos. Since I came to know these words, I have found them to be an extraordinarily meaningful meditation form. They exercise a force on the soul which is quite extraordinary, and the more one studies them the more force they have. And then when one tries to resolve and understand them one realizes that in them the secret and destiny of humanity is condensed and how the reversal of the words reveals how the microcosmic Our Father which Christ proclaimed to his followers could originate.
But Jesus did not only perceive this secret of the original pagan revelations. When he awoke from the vision, he learned from the fleeing people and the demons the entire secrets of paganism. That was the second immeasurable pain which sank into his soul. First he learned decisively about the fall of Judaism by recognizing what had been revealed to Judaism before its fall. Now he learned the same about paganism. In this way he consciously experienced the fact that in his surroundings the people had to live in the sense of the words: “They have ears but do not hear what the secrets of the cosmos are.” Thus he attained to the unlimited compassion he had always felt for humanity and can be expressed as follows: now that he could see such things, humanity should receive the content of his visions—but where were the beings who would communicate it to humanity.
He had these experiences until his twenty-fourth year, approximately. Then his karma led him back home at the time his father died. He lived there with his step-siblings and his foster or stepmother. Whereas his stepmother previously had shown little understanding for him, now she showed more understanding for the great pain he bore within him. Then other experiences followed from his twenty-fourth to his thirtieth year, during which he found ever more understanding from his stepmother, although things were still somewhat difficult. These were also the years in which he came to know the Essenes better. Today I will only indicate the main points of how Jesus learned of the Essene Order. This was an order of men who separated themselves from the rest of humanity and developed a special life of body and soul in order to again ascend to the ancient revelations of the spirit which humanity had lost. With strict exercises and strict ways of life, the striving souls were to reach a stage where they could reunite with the spiritual region from out of which the ancient revelations had originated.
In this group Jesus of Nazareth also met John the Baptist, although strictly speaking neither were Essenes. The Akasha Record shows this clearly. But from what I have explained it is clear that an exceptional person was present who made an extraordinary impression on everyone. He so impressed the Essenes that despite guarding their spiritual activities as holy secrets, which they revealed to no outsider, they willingly spoke with Jesus about important secrets of their order concerning what they had achieved for their souls. Thus Jesus learned that in those times there were still ways for people to rise to the heights where humanity once sojourned and from whence it had since descended.
But what also made a deep discomforting impression on him was that an Essene, if he wished to ascend to those heights, had to separate himself from humanity and live a life outside the society of others. That was not the way of universal human love, as Jesus of Nazareth felt it. He could not tolerate that a spiritual wealth exist that is unavailable to all, but only to a select few in detriment to humanity as a whole.
What he felt can be expressed as follows: They are a few individuals, and there will always be fewer who find their way back to the ancient revelations, but it is just when those few separate themselves that the rest must live in decadence, for they must accomplish the material work for those who are no longer there.
Once as he was leaving the Essene Order community he saw in spirit two figures fleeing from the gate. He had the impression that the Essenes protected themselves from these two figures, whom we call Lucifer and Ahriman in anthroposophical terms, driving them away by means of their spiritual exercises, their ascetic way of life and the strict rules of their order. Nothing of Lucifer and Ahriman should touch their souls. Therefore Jesus of Nazareth saw Lucifer and Ahriman fleeing, but he also knew that because of such a community having been established, where Lucifer and Ahriman could not enter and the Essenes wanted nothing to do with them, they turned even more to the other people. That was evident to him. Again it is completely different when one knows this only through theory and when one sees what individuals do for their own advancement and as a consequence Lucifer and Ahriman are sent to other people because they have been expelled from the presence of the former. He realized that it was no path of salvation which the Essenes followed, but was one which through separation and at the cost of the rest of humanity only seeks their own advancement.
An immense compassion engulfed him. He felt no joy at the ascension of the Essenes, for he knew that other people must sink lower while a few ascended. It all became clearer to him when he saw the same image at other Essene gates—there were more such communities—the image of Lucifer and Ahriman standing before the gates but unable to enter—and fleeing. Thus he realized that the methods and rules of orders such as the Essenes' impelled Lucifer and Ahriman to the other people. And this was the cause of the third extreme pain he experienced concerning the decadence of humanity.
I already mention that his stepmother had more and more understanding for what lived in his soul. So what now happened was meaningful as preparation of the Mystery of Golgotha: a conversation took place—according to research in the Akasha Record—between Jesus of Nazareth and his step or foster-mother. So advanced had her understanding become that he could speak to her about the threefold suffering he endured because of the decadence of humanity which he had experienced in the areas of Judaism and paganism as well as the Essenes. And as he described to her his lonely suffering, and what he had experienced, he saw that it affected her soul.
It belongs to the most wonderful impressions one can receive in the occult field to learn the content of this conversation. For in the entire field of human evolution nothing similar—I don't say greater, because naturally the Mystery of Golgotha is greater—but something similar one cannot see. What he said to his mother were not words in the usual sense, but they were like living beings which passed over from him to his stepmother and his soul gave wings to the words with its own force. Everything which he had so painfully endured went in this conversation as though on wings into the soul of his stepmother—words of his infinite love as well as his infinite suffering. So he was able to describe to her what he had thrice experienced as in a great tableau. It was then enhanced when Jesus of Nazareth gradually steered the conversation to his conclusions about the threefold decadence of humanity.
It is very difficult to put into words how he summarized his own experiences to his stepmother. But as we are prepared by spiritual science, we can use spiritual scientific terms and expressions to attempt to describe the sense of the conversation's ending. Naturally what I now say was not expressed in the same words, but it will provide an approximate idea of what Jesus wanted his stepmother to grasp:
When we look back at the evolution of humanity on earth, it is similar to an individual human life, only changed in later generations, and unconscious for them. The Post-Atlantis life of humanity revealed itself to Jesus of Nazareth—that after the great natural disaster in Atlantis, first an ancient Indian culture developed in which the great holy Rishis communicated their vast wisdom to humanity. In other words, it was basically a spiritual culture. Yes, he went on, just as an individual human being is a child between birth and the seventh year, in which different forces are at work than in later life, so spiritual forces were active during that ancient Indian time. But because those forces were not only present until the seventh year, but extended over the Indian's entire life, humanity was in a different stage of evolution then. During the course of their entire life they knew what today the child knows and experiences until its seventh year. Today we think the way we do between the seventh and the fourteenth and the fourteenth and twenty first years because we have lost the childhood forces which are suppressed in the seventh year. During that ancient time, because these forces extended over an entire lifetime, which today are only present until the seventh year, people in the first post-atlantic epoch were clairvoyant. They rose higher with the forces which today are only present until the seventh year. Yes, that was the Golden Age of human evolution. Then came another age, in which the forces extended over the entire life, which otherwise are only active between the seventh and fourteenth years. Then came the third epoch, in which the forces were active which otherwise are active between the fourteenth and twenty-first years. Then we lived in an epoch in which the forces which are active today between the twenty-first and the twenty-eighth years, were active during the entire lifetime.
Now we are approaching the middle of human life, Jesus of Nazareth said, which is in the thirties, where the forces of youth cease to grow and begin to decline. We are now living in an age that corresponds to the twenty-eighth to the thirty-fifth year of the individual person, where his life begins to decline. Whereas in the case of some individuals other forces are present, in humanity in general they are no longer there. That is the great suffering, that humanity should become aged, having its youth behind it, being in the epoch corresponding to the twenty-eighth to thirty-fifth year. Where should new forces come from? The forces of youth are exhausted.
That is what he told his stepmother about the impending decadence of humanity, which caused him so much pain, for it was clear that humanity's situation was hopeless. The forces of youth were exhausted, humanity now faced old age. The individuals, he knew, would continue to live on from the thirty-fifth year until death as before, because they retained residues of the forces, but humanity as a whole did not have that, so something else must come: what for the individual is necessary from the twenty-eighth to the thirty-fifth year. The earth would have to be illumined macro-cosmically with the forces with which the individual must be illumined from the twenty-eight to the thirty-fifth year.
That humanity as such was becoming old, that is what is read in the Akasha Record and felt during what Jesus of Nazareth related. As he spoke in this way to his mother about the meaning of human evolution, at that moment he realized that what he was saying was part of himself, and something of himself flowed from his words, for his words had become what he himself was.
That was also the moment when in the soul of his stepmother flowed the soul which had lived in his biological mother who—after the Zarathustra-I crossed over to him from the other Jesus-child—had died and had lived in spiritual regions since Jesus was twelve years old. From then on she could spiritualize the stepmother's soul. Thus the latter now lived with the soul of the Nathan Jesus-child's biological mother.
But Jesus of Nazareth had united himself so intensely with the words with which he had expressed his pain about humanity, that it was as if this self had disappeared from his life's [physical, etheric an astral] sheaths, so that these sheaths became as they were when he was a small boy—only impregnated with all he had suffered since his twelfth year. The Zarathustra-I was gone and what lived in his three sheaths was only what remained through the power of the experiences. An impulse arose in these three sheaths which led him on the path to John the Baptist at the River Jordan. As in a kind of dream, which however was not a dream, but an enhanced consciousness, he went his way with only the three sheaths spiritualized and driven by the effects of what he´d experienced since he was twelve years old. The Zarathustra-I was gone. The three sheaths led him on, hardly noticing what was around him. He lived, with the I gone, wholly aware of humanity's destiny and its needs.
On his way to John the Baptist at the River Jordan, he met two Essenes with whom he had often spoken. Without his I he didn't recognize them. But they knew him and therefore spoke to him: Where goest thou, Jesus of Nazareth? What he answered I have tried to put into words. He spoke in a way that they did not know where the words came from. They came from him, yet not from him. “There where souls such as yours do not wish to see, where the suffering of humanity can find the rays of forgotten light.”
Those were the words which seemed to come from him. They didn't understand him; they realized that he didn't recognize them, so they asked: “Jesus of Nazareth, don't you know us?” Now even stranger words were spoken. It was as if he had said to them: You are like lost lambs, but I was the shepherd's son from whom you fled. If you recognized me, you would flee anew. It was long ago that you fled from me to the world.
The Essenes didn't know what to make of him, for while speaking to them his eyes took on a very special aspect. They seemed to be looking outward, then also inward. They seemed like eyes showing an expression of reproach for the people spoken to. They were eyes through which showed gentle love, but a love which became a rebuke for the Essenes, one which came from their own hearts. We can characterize what the Essenes felt when they heard him like this: “What kind of people are you? Where is your world? Why do you wrap yourselves in deceptive robes? Why does a fire burn within you which is not kindled in my father's house?”
They were silenced by these words. And he spoke further: “You carry the tempters mark, who caught you when you fled. With his fire he made your wool glisten. The hair of this wool stings my eyes. You lost lambs! He has filled your souls with pride.”
When he spoke these words, one of the Essenes answered: “Didn't we show the tempter the door? He no longer has anything to do with us.” Jesus said: “When you showed him the door he ran to other people. He attacks them from all sides. You are not elevated when you debase others. You only think you are elevated because you let the others decline. You remain as high as you are only because you make the others smaller, so you think you are great.” Jesus of Nazareth spoke in that way so the Essenes could take note. It impressed them so much that they could no longer see. Their eyes dimmed and Jesus of Nazareth seemed to disappear before their eyes. But then, when he seemed to have vanished, they saw his face from a distance, but hugely increased in size like a fata morgana, and very, very far away. And words came as though spoken by this fata morgana. They sensed them to be: “Vain is your striving because your hearts are empty which you have filled with the spirit which hides pride in the cloak of humility.”
Then the mirage also vanished and they stood there dismayed and depressed. When they could again see, they saw that Jesus had gone farther away while they were watching the face. And they could do nothing but be aware that he had gone on. Despondent, they continued to the Essene hostel and they never told anyone what they had experienced, but kept silent about it their whole lives. And they became the most profound of the Essenes, but they were silent and only spoke when everyday understanding was necessary. Their brother Essenes never knew why they were so changed. Until their deaths they never revealed what they had seen and heard. They therefore experienced the Mystery of Golgotha in a special way. For the others though, what they had experienced was imperceptible.
After Jesus had walked on for a while he met a man who was in deep despair. But, as I said, Jesus was so removed from earthly conditions that he didn't realize that a man had approached him. And he had such a strong effect on that man who was in such despair, that Jesus of Nazareth said something which may be described as: “Where has your soul led you? I saw you many thousands of years ago; you were different then!”
The desperate man heard this as though spoken from the approaching figure of Jesus of Nazareth. Because of these words, the man felt the impulse to say the following. On one hand he felt the need to speak, on the other to find the answer to his destiny: “In my life I have been highly successful. I always studied, and due to this learning I rose higher and higher over other men. With every honor I became prouder and I often said to myself: What a unique person you are, rising so high over your fellow men. I felt that my soul must worth more than the souls of others. My pride increased with every new honor. Then I had a dream. What a horrible dream it was! While I was dreaming my soul was filled with a feeling of shame. I was ashamed of dreaming such a thing. I was so proud in my life, and now I dreamed something I would never have wanted to dream. I dreamed that I asked myself the question: Who made me so great? And then a being stood before me and said: I made you great, I raised you high, and therefore you are mine. I felt scandalized at the revelation that I had not risen so high through my own efforts, but that another being had been responsible for my success. Still dreaming, I ran away. When I woke up I really ran away, abandoning all my achievements. I didn't know what I was seeking and so I have been long wandering about in the world, ashamed of all the things which once brought me such pride.”
After the despairing man had said this, the being who had appeared in his dream stood again before him, between him and Jesus of Nazareth. This dream figure blocked the figure of Jesus of Nazareth. And when the dream figure left, dissolving in mist, Jesus had also already moved on. When the despairing man looked around he saw Jesus a good distance away. And so he had to continue on his way in despair.
Then a leper approached Jesus, one whose disease and suffering was very advanced. And because of what that soul was feeling, Jesus again was obliged to speak. He said again: “Where has your soul led you? I knew you many thousands of years ago, and you were different.”
These words encouraged the leper to speak in the same way they had affected the desperate man. The leper said: “I don't know how I got this disease, it just came gradually. And other people no longer allowed me to be among them. I had to wander in the wasteland, could only beg for what the people threw to me. One night I came close to a dense forest. I saw a tree approaching me from a clearing. It blinked at me with its own light. I felt impelled to get closer to that tree. It urged me on. And when I was close to it, a skeleton came at me like a light from the tree. It was death standing before me in that form. And death said to me: 'I am you. I live off you. Fear not!´ And it continued: 'Why are you afraid? Didn't you love me during many lives on earth? Only you didn't know that you loved me, because I appeared to you as a beautiful archangel whom you thought you were loving.' And then death was not standing there before me, but the archangel which I had often seen and about whom I knew: That was the image I loved. Then it vanished. The next morning I awoke next to the tree, more miserable than before. And I knew that all the pleasurable indulgences I had loved, which lived in me as egotism, are related to the being who appeared to me as death and as an archangel and who claimed that I loved it and that it was myself. And now I stand before you and I do not know who you are.” And now the archangel appeared again, and then death, standing between the leper and Jesus, blocked the leper's view of Jesus of Nazareth. When the leper saw only the archangel, Jesus vanished, and then death and the archangel vanished. The leper had to continue walking and saw that Jesus of Nazareth had already advanced farther.
Those were the events which occurred on the path Jesus took between the conversation with his stepmother and the baptism by John in the Jordan.
Tomorrow we will see how the these events—the meeting with the two Essenes, with the despairing man and with the leper—continued to affect Jesus of Nazareth's physical, etheric and astral bodies when he barely understood the world from which he was so detached, and were enlivened by what he received with John at the baptism in the Jordan.
If these events, which I have described as having taken place between the conversation with his stepmother and the baptism in the Jordan, seem unlikely or strange, then I can only say: Although they may seem strange, they are truly revealed by research in the Akasha Record. They describe events which are as singular as they must be, for they are in preparation for an event which can only happen once—what we call the Mystery of Golgotha. Whoever does not wish to consider the idea that something so special happened at that moment in the evolution of humanity will find human evolution difficult to understand.
Erster Vortrag
Es wird mir obliegen, gelegentlich des heutigen und morgigen Abends einiges zu sprechen über dasjenige, was wir gewohnt sind, das «Mysterium von Golgatha» zu nennen, und zwar wird der Versuch zu machen sein, in einer etwas anderen Form, als das bisher geschehen ist, davon zu sprechen. Ich möchte sagen, daß die bisherigen Erörterungen über dieses Mysterium von Golgatha einen, wenn auch okkultistischen, so doch mehr noch okkultistisch-theoretischen Inhalt hatten. Es wurde über das Wesen und die Bedeutung des Mysteriums von Golgatha für die Entwickelung der Menschheit gesprochen. Daß es gewissermaßen das Zentralereignis für die gesamte Entwickelung der Menschheit auf Erden ist, und inwiefern es dieses Zentralereignis ist, darüber wurden Gedanken gegeben. Diese sind ja durchaus aus den Quellen okkulter Forschung heraus geholt. Es sind diejenigen Gedankenquellen dadurch angesprochen worden, welche von dem Mysterium von Golgatha gleichsam ausstrahlen, weitergehen und verlebendigt sind in unserer irdischen Entwickelung. Aus dem, was in der Menschheitsentwickelung auf Erden lebt, kann, wenn es mit seherischem Blick erfaßt wird, das gefunden werden, was als die Bedeutung des Mysteriums von Golgatha angegeben worden ist.
Jetzt aber wird es mir obliegen, näher zu sprechen von dem, was sich ganz im Konkreten sagen läßt über die Ereignisse, die sich im Beginn unserer Zeitrechnung abgespielt haben. Über die Ereignisse werde ich zu sprechen haben, welche gewissermaßen in ihren Kräften das ausgestrahlt haben, was in der lebendigen Erdenaura weiterlebt und okkult beobachtet werden kann. Ich werde dann morgen einiges über die Gründe sprechen, warum diese Dinge gerade jetzt in diesem unserem Zeitalter innerhalb anthroposophischer Kreise besprochen werden sollen. Heute aber werde ich versuchen, einiges anzudeuten von dem, was sich im Beginne unserer Zeitrechnung in Palästina zugetragen hat. Und ich hoffe, daß in Ihren Herzen, in Ihren Seelen, das Ereignis von Golgatha, wie es mehr in Ideenform charakterisiert worden ist, nicht an Bedeutung verliert dadurch, daß wir einmal direkt hinschauen auf das, was sich damals abgespielt hat, es gleichsam ganz konkret ins Auge fassen.
Ich habe ja schon bei Gelegenheit der Besprechung des LukasEvangeliums und jener Vortragsserie über das sogenannte Evangelium des Matthäus einiges Wesentliche über das Gebiet angedeutet, das hier in Betracht kommt. Es ist die Tatsache, daß zwei Jesusknaben ungefähr gleichzeitig geboren worden sind im Beginne unserer Zeitrechnung. Ich habe darauf hingewiesen, daß diese beiden Jesusknaben, die damals geboren worden sind, an Charakter und Fähigkeiten sehr stark voneinander verschieden waren. Der eine der Jesusknaben, dessen Schilderung noch wie durchleuchtet durch das sogenannte Evangelium des Matthäus, der stammt ab aus der salomonischen Linie des Hauses David. In ihm lebte die Seele oder das Ich desjenigen, den wir als Zarathustra kennen.
Wir müssen uns, wenn wir eine solche Inkarnation ins Auge fassen, zunächst insbesondere über eines klar sein: Selbst wenn eine so hohe Individualität sich wieder inkarniert, wie der Zarathustra es war namentlich in der Zeit, als er in dem Jesus geboren worden ist -, mußte diese Individualität keineswegs im Kindes- oder Jünglingsalter wissen, daß sie diese Individualität ist. Nicht das Bewußtsein braucht vorzuliegen, das sich in den Worten aussprechen würde: Ich bin der und der. — Das liegt nicht vor. Wohl aber liegt vor in einem solchen Falle, daß jene erhöhten Fähigkeiten, die eine Menschenseele gewinnen kann dadurch, daß sie eine solche Inkarnation durchgemacht hat, sich früh bedeutsam zeigen und dann die ganze Grundstruktur des Charakters des betreffenden Kindes bedingen. So ist denn der salomonische Jesusknabe — so möchte ich ihn nennen -, in dem das Ich des Zarathustra lebt, mit hohen Fähigkeiten ausgestattet, und das ist das Charakteristische: er ist ausgestattet mit solchen Fähigkeiten, welche es ihm möglich machen, leicht einzudringen in das, was in seiner Umgebung lebt als Errungenschaft dessen, was sich die Menschheit auf Erden in der fortlaufenden Kultur erobert hat. In der Umgebung eines solchen Kindes lebte ja, besonders aber damals, die ganze Kultur der Menschheit in den Worten, den Gebärden, den Handlungen, kurz in alledem, was man sehen und hören konnte. Ein gewöhnliches Kind nimmt wenig auf von dem, was es sieht und hört. Dieser Knabe aber nahm auf mit einer großen inneren Genialität aus den spärlichsten Andeutungen, in denen sich das auslebte, was die Menschheit sich erobert hatte, kurz, er erwies sich als im höchsten Maße begabt für alles, was die Menschheitskultur bis dahin an schulmäßig Erlernbarem hervorgebracht hatte. Man würde einen solchen Knaben heute einen hochbegabten Knaben nennen. So war der salomonische Jesusknabe. Bis in sein zwölftes Jahr lernte er schnell, was er aus seiner Umgebung lernen konnte.
Ganz anderer Art war der andere Jesusknabe, der in bezug auf Charakter durchschimmert — mehr kann man nicht sagen - durch die Schilderungen des Lukas-Evangeliums. Er stammte ab aus der nathanischen Linie des Hauses David. Er war nun gerade unbegabt für das, was man äußerlich erlernen kann. Bis zu seinem zwölften Jahr zeigte er gar keine Interessen für irgend etwas, was man schulmäßig aus der Menschheitskultur bekommen kann. Dagegen zeigte er von frühester Kindheit an das im höchsten Grade, was man nennen könnte: Genialität des Herzens, Mitgefühl mit jeglicher Menschenfreude, mit jeglichem Menschenleid. Er zeigte sich darin ganz besonders genial, daß er weniger in sich lebte, weniger sich erwerben konnte solche Tüchtigkeit, die man auf Erden erwerben kann, sondern daß er fremdes Leid und fremde Freude von frühester Kindheit an als sein eigenes Leid und seine eigene Freude fühlte, sich in die Seelen anderer Menschen versetzen konnte; dieses zeigte er im höchsten Maße.
Es ist die denkbar größte Verschiedenheit zwischen den beiden Jesusknaben, so wie sie sich der Akasha-Chronik-mäßigen Beobachtung darstellen. Nun trat ja, nachdem die beiden Knaben das zwölfte Lebensjahr erreicht hatten, das Ereignis ein, das ich schon des öfteren charakterisiert habe: daß bei der Wanderung nach Jerusalem, welche die Eltern mit dem nathanischen Jesusknaben machten, das Ich des Zarathustra, das bisher in dem anderen, dem salomonischen Jesusknaben, verblieben war, aus dessen Leib herausging und Besitz nahm von den Leibeshüllen des nathanischen Jesusknaben. Daher kam es so, daß alles, was dieses königliche Ich sich hatte aneignen können, jetzt in der Seele des anderen, des nathanischen Jesusknaben, wirken konnte und dieser Knabe jetzt mit all der Kraft des Zarathustra, ohne es zu wissen, so wirken konnte, daß er das Erstaunen erregte der Schriftgelehrten, unter denen er lehrend auftrat, wie es auch die Bibel schildert. Auch das habe ich angedeutet, daß jener andere, der salomonische Jesusknabe, aus dem das Ich gewichen war, sehr schnell dahinsiechte und in verhältnismäßig kurzer Zeit starb.
Es muß durchaus bemerkt werden, daß keineswegs sofort die Lebensmöglichkeit aufhört für einen Menschen, der, wie jetzt für den salomonischen Jesusknaben geschildert worden ist, sein Ich aufgibt. Wie eine Kugel eine Zeitlang fortrollt, gleichsam durch ihre innere Kraft, so lebt ein solches Wesen eine Zeitlang fort durch die Kraft, die in ihm lebt; und für denjenigen, der nicht in feiner Weise Menschenseelen beobachten kann, ist der Unterschied kein sehr großer zwischen dem, was sich darbietet als eine solche Seele, die ihr Ich noch hat, und einer, die ihr Ich verloren hat. Denn im gewöhnlichen Leben wirkt nicht so sehr, wenn wir einer Seele gegenübertreten, unmittelbar das Ich. Was wir an einem Menschen erfahren, was wir von ihm gewahr werden, das ist im allergeringsten Maße eine unmittelbare Offenbarung des Ichs, das ist eine Offenbarung des Ichs durch den Astralleib. Den Astralleib aber behielt jener andere Jesusknabe; und nur der, welcher sorgfältig unterscheiden kann — und es ist dies nicht leicht —, ob alte Gewohnheiten, alte Gedanken weiterwirken in einer Seele, oder ob fortan noch Neues aufgenommen wird, der kann dadurch gewahr werden, ob das Ich noch da ist oder nicht. Aber ein Siechtum beginnt, eine Art Absterben, Abdorren, und so war es bei diesem Jesusknaben.
Durch eine gewisse karmische Schickung starb nun auch bald nach dem Hinübergange des Ichs des Zarathustra in den anderen Jesusknaben die leibliche Mutter des nathanischen Jesusknaben und auch der Vater des salomonischen Jesusknaben, und aus dem Vater des nathanischen und der Mutter des salomonischen Jesusknaben wurde ein Ehepaar. Der nathanische Jesusknabe hatte keine leiblichen Geschwister, und die Stiefgeschwister, die er jetzt bekam, waren eben die Geschwister des salomonischen Jesusknaben. Aus den zwei Familien wurde eine, die fortan in dem Örtchen wohnte, das dann den Namen Nazareth bekommen hat; so daß wir, wenn wir jetzt von dem nathanischen Jesusknaben sprechen, in dem nun das Ich des Zarathustra lebte, den Ausdruck gebrauchen: Jesus von Nazareth.
Ich möchte nun auch hier heute einiges aus dem Jugendleben dieses Jesus von Nazareth, wie es Akasha-Chronik-mäßig erforscht werden kann, so erzählen, daß wir dadurch das Verständnis gewinnen können für einen gewissen bedeutsamen historischen Augenblick der Erdenentwickelung, welcher dann das Mysterium von Golgatha, auf welches wir morgen noch zu sprechen kommen werden, vorbereitete.
In drei für den Seher deutlich voneinander unterschiedenen Phasen spielt sich dieses Leben des Jesus von Nazareth ab. Hat sich doch schon in den Gesprächen mit den Schriftgelehrten gezeigt, daß in ihm aufgelebt war schon in seinem zwölften Jahr durch den Hinübergang des Zarathustra-Ichs eine innere Kraft, erleuchtet zu werden, Erleuchtung zu empfangen und sie zu verbinden mit dem, was als Fähigkeit in der Zarathustra-Seele lebte. Hatte sich schon gezeigt, daß eine ungeheure Kraft inneren Erlebens in dieser Seele war, so kann man jetzt in dem heranwachsenden Jesus vom zwölften bis zum siebzehnten und achtzehnten Jahr hin bemerken, wie, aus dem Inneren der Seele hervorkommend, die inneren Erleuchtungen immer reicher und reicher werden, und insbesondere sind es jetzt Erleuchtungen, die sich auf die ganze Entwickelung des althebräischen und überhaupt des hebräischen Volkes beziehen.
So wie Jesus von Nazareth hineingestellt war in das hebräische Volk, so war ja in diesem hebräischen Volk durchaus nicht mehr wahrzunehmen die Größe desjenigen, was einmal in den alten Zeiten der Propheten diesem Volk als unmittelbare Weltgeheimnisse gegeben war. Es hatte sich vieles von den alten Offenbarungen der Propheten fortgeerbt, aber die ursprünglichen Fähigkeiten, die geistigen Geheim-. nisse unmittelbar aus den geistigen Welten heraus zu bekommen, die waren längst verglommen. Aus den bewährten Schriften nahm man sie auf. Einige waren allerdings auch da, wie zum Beispiel der berühmte Flillel, welche durch ihre individuelle Entwickelung fähig waren, noch etwas zu vernehmen von dem, was den alten Propheten verkündigt worden war. Aber es war längst nicht mehr in diesen wenigen Menschen jene Kraft, die in der Urzeit des hebräischen Volkes, in der Zeit der Offenbarungen, da war. Es war durchaus ein Abstieg in der Geistesentwickelung des hebräischen Volkes zu bemerken. Das aber, was einmal da war, was geoffenbart worden war in der Zeit der Propheten, das tauchte jetzt wie aus den Tiefen der Scele des Jesus von Nazareth als innere Erleuchtung auf.
Aber weniger möchte ich Sie aufmerksam machen auf diese historische Tatsache, daß in einem einzelnen Menschen durch innere Erleuchtung wieder auftauchte, was einmal in der Prophetenzeit geoflenbart worden war. Vielmehr möchte ich Ihre Empfindungen hinlenken auf das, was es heißt, daß in unendlicher Einsamkeit eine so verhältnismäßig junge Seele, die Seele des dreizehn- bis vierzehnjährigen Jesus von Nazareth, in sich heraufkommen fühlt eine Offenbarung, welche alle anderen Menschen in seiner Umgebung nicht mehr heraufkommen fühlten, welche die Besten höchstens in einem schwachen Abglanz hatten. Versetzen Sie Ihre Empfindungen in das Leben einer solchen Seele, die mit einem Größten der Menschheit allein dasteht, und legen Sie Wert darauf, daß das Mysterium von Golgatha vorbereitet werden mußte dadurch, daß in der Seele des Jesus von Nazareth jene einsamen Gefühle und einsamen Empfindungen Platz greifen mußten. Wenn man so wie auf einer Seeleninsel dasteht mit etwas, was man so wie Er, der ja schon in seiner Kindheitszeit mit allen Menschen fühlen konnte, allen Menschen zuteil werden lassen möchte, aber nicht zuteil werden lassen kann, weil man sieht, daß die Seelen auf eine Stufe niedergestiegen sind, wo sie es nicht mehr aufnehmen können, wenn man dies alles empfindet: in Schmerz und Leid etwas wissen zu müssen, was die anderen nicht aufnehmen können, wovon man aber so gern wünschen möchte, daß es auch in ihren Seelen lebe, dann bereitet man sich für eine Mission vor. Dafür bereitete sich Jesus von Nazareth vor. Das gab seiner Seele die Grundnote, die Grundnuance, daß er sich immer wieder sagen mußte: Zu mir tönt eine Stimme aus der geistigen Welt. Wenn die Menschheit sie hören könnte, würde es ihr zu unendlichem Segen werden. In alten Zeiten waren Menschen da, die sie vernehmen konnten, jetzt aber sind keine Ohren mehr da, zu hören. — Dieses Leid des Alleinseins, das preßte sich immer mehr und mehr ein in seine Seele.
Das war das Seelenleben des Jesus von Nazareth etwa vom zwölften bis zum achtzehnten Jahr. Dadurch war er auch unverstanden von seinem leiblichen Vater und seiner Zieh- oder Pflegemutter, und nicht nur unverstanden von seinen Stiefgeschwistern, sondern oft verspottet, ja, als ein halb Wahnsinniger angesehen. Er arbeitete fleißig im Schreinerhandwerk seines Vaters. Aber während er arbeitete, lebten die Empfindungen, die ich eben ausgesprochen und angedeutet habe, in seiner Seele. Dann, als er so im achtzehnten Lebensjahre stand, ging er hinaus auf die Wanderschaft. Er durchzog, arbeitend in verschiedenen Familien, bei verschiedenen Handwerkern seines Handwerks Palästina und auch umliegende heidnische Ortschaften. Er wurde so durch sein Karma geführt. Indem er so herumwanderte durch Palästina, zeigte sich die ganze Eigenart seiner Natur bei allen denen, in deren Kreis er trat. Bei Tage arbeitete er, abends saß er mit den Leuten zusammen. Und die Leute, mit denen er zusammensaß, so von seinem neunzehnten bis zum zweiundzwanzigsten Jahr etwa, hatten alle bei diesem Zusammensitzen mit ihm das Gefühl, was sie sich nicht immer klar zum Bewußtsein brachten, aber um so deutlicher fühlten: daß da ein Mensch von einer ganz besonderen Eigenart unter ihnen war, wie sie einen solchen noch nie gesehen hatten, ja, noch mehr, wie sie sich nie vorstellen konnten, daß einer leben könnte. Sie wußten ihn nicht zu nehmen.
Wenn man dies verstehen will, muß man eines berücksichtigen, was überhaupt berücksichtigt werden muß, wenn man so recht eindringen will in verschiedene Geheimnisse der Menschheitsevolution: daß so etwas zu erleben, wie ich es angedeutet habe bei dem jungen Jesus von Nazareth, tiefsten Schmerz in der Seele verursacht. Aber dieser Schmerz wandelt sich um in Liebe. Und viele höchste Liebe, die im Leben lebt, ist umgewandelter Schmerz dieser Art. Tiefster Schmerz hat die Fähigkeit, sich in Liebe umzuwandeln, die nicht bloß wirkt wie gewöhnliche Liebe durch das bloße Dasein des liebenden Wesens, sondern die gleichsam ausstrahlt wie weithin wirkende aurische Strahlen. So daß die Leute, unter denen Jesus in dieser Zeit war, viel mehr als bloß einen Menschen unter sich zu haben glaubten. Und wenn er wieder von einem Orte weggezogen war, da wirkte das so, daß die Leute, wenn sie des Abends wieder zusammensaßen, wirklich das Gefühl von seiner Gegenwart hatten. Als wenn er noch da wäre, so empfanden sie. Und das trat stets ein, wieder und wieder, wenn er längst fortgezogen war von einem Orte, wo er sich aufgehalten hatte: daß die Leute, die abends um den Tisch saßen, gemeinschaftliche Visionen hatten. Sie sahen ihn hereintreten als Geistgestalt. Jeder einzelne hatte zugleich diese Vision, daß Jesus wieder unter sie gekommen wäre, daß er mit ihnen spräche, ihnen Dinge mitteilte, wie einst in leiblicher Gegenwart. So lebte er sichtbarlich unter den Leuten, wenn er längst schon fort war. Das war eben der in Liebe umgewandelte Schmerz, der ihn so wirksam machte. Die Leute, bei denen er war, fühlten sich dadurch in einem besonderen Maße mit ihm verbunden. Sie fühlten sich eigentlich niemals mehr von ihm getrennt, sie fühlten: er war bei ihnen geblieben und er kam immer wieder.
Aber er zog nicht nur in der Gegend von Palästina umher, sondern sein Karma führte ihn - die einzelnen Umstände, warum sein Karma ihn so führte, zu besprechen, das würde heute zu weit führen - auch in heidnische Orte. Dorthin also kam er, nachdem er kennengelernt hatte die niedergehende Entwickelung im Judentum. Und er lernte kennen, wie in den Kulthandlungen der Heiden, wie in den heidnischen Religionsverrichtungen ebenso wie im Judentum erstorben war das, was einstmals als Uroffenbarung im alten Heidentum gelebt hatte. So mußte er die zweite Phase erleben im Wahrnehmen des Herabstiegs der Menschheit aus einer einstmals geistigen Höhe. Aber auf eine andere Art als bei dem Judentum sollte er wahrnehmen, wie das Heidentum herabgestiegen war.
Die Art, wie er den Abstieg des Judentums vernahm, war mehr innerlich, durch innere Erleuchtung gewonnen. Da sah er, wie die Offenbarungen aus der geistigen Welt, die einst durch die alten Propheten verkündigt worden waren, aufgehört hatten, weil keine Ohren mehr da waren, zu hören. Wie es im Heidentum war, das wurde ihm klar an einem Ort, wo der alte heidnische Gottesdienst besonders verfallen war, wo sich auch in äußeren Zeichen der Verfall des Heidentums zeigte. Die Menschen waren an dem Ott, in den er jetzt kam, von Aussatz und sonstigen häßlichen Krankheiten befallen. Bösartig waren sie zum Teil geworden, zum Teil bresthaft, lahm. Sie waren gemieden von den Priestern, die geflohen waren von den Orten. Als man seiner ansichtig wurde, verbreitete sich wie ein Lauffeuer, daß da jemand ganz Besonderer käme. Denn er hatte jetzt auch in seinem äußeren Auftreten schon etwas erlangt, was eben wie umgewandelter Schmerz, wie Liebe war. Man sah, daß da ein Wesen herankam, wie es noch nie über die Erde gewandelt war. Das sagte der eine dem anderen. Rasch hatte es sich verbreitet, so daß viele herzuliefen, denn die Leute glaubten, daß ihnen zugeführt worden sei ein Priester, der wieder ihre Opfer verrichten würde. Waren doch ihre Priester geflohen! Da liefen sie herbei. So zeigt es die Akasha-Chronik, wie ich es Ihnen erzähle. Er hatte nicht vor, das heidnische Opfer zu verrichten. Aber jetzt zeigte sich ihm, wie in lebhaften Imaginationen, das ganze Rätsel vom Herabstiege auch der heidnischen Geistepoche. Er konnte jetzt unmittelbar wahrnehmen, was in die Geheimnisse der heidnischen Mysterien eingeflossen war, was in den heidnischen Mysterien gelebt hatte: daß die Kräfte hoher göttlicher Wesenheiten auf die Opferaltäre herabgeflossen waren. Jetzt aber strömten statt der Kräfte der guten Geister allerlei Dämonen, Sendboten des Luzifer und Ahriman, auf die heiligen Altäre herab. Nicht so innerlich durch Erleuchtung wie beim Judentum, sondern wie in äußeren Visionen, nahm er den Verfall des heidnischen Geisteslebens wahr.
Es ist noch etwas anderes, etwas ganz anderes, sozusagen die Dinge theoretisch kennenzulernen, als zu schauen, wie auf einen Opferaltar, auf den einstmals göttlich-geistige Kräfte herabgeflossen waren, jetzt Dämonen herabstiegen, die abnorme Seelenzustände, Krankheiten und so weiter bewirkten. Dies anzuschauen in Geistesschau ist etwas anderes, als theoretisch davon zu wissen. Aber Jesus von Nazareth sollte das in unmittelbarer Geistesschau erkennen, sollte sehen, wie die Sendboten von Luzifer und Ahriman wirkten; er sollte sehen, was sie unter dem Volke angerichtet hatten. Er fiel plötzlich wie tot hin. Die Menschen ergriffen erschrocken die Flucht. Er aber hatte, während er so wie entgeistert, wie entrückt war in eine geistige Welt, den Eindruck von alledem, was einstmals die Uroffenbarungen zu den Heiden gesprochen hatten. Und so wie er Geheimnisse vernommen hatte, die den alten Propheten verkündet worden waren und die jetzt nicht einmal mehr wie ein Schatten in der jüdischen Kultur lebten, so konnte er jetzt durch geistige Inspiration hören, in welcher Art diese Geheimnisse den Heiden verkündet worden waren.
Den tiefsten Eindruck machte auf ihn etwas, was versucht worden ist von mir zu erforschen, und was ich zum erstenmal mitgeteilt habe bei Gelegenheit der Grundsteinlegung unseres Dornacher Baues. Man könnte es nennen «Das umgekehrte Vaterunser», da es wie das Umgekehrte war von dem, was der substantielle Inhalt des Gebetes ist, das dem Christus Jesus von seinen Jüngern zugeschrieben wurde. Der Jesus von Nazareth nahm jetzt etwas wahr wie ein umgekehrtes Vaterunser, so daß er fühlen konnte, in diesen Worten ist wie zusammengepreßt das Geheimnis des menschlichen Werdens und das Verkörpertwerden in irdische Inkarnationen:
Amen
Es walten die Übel
Zeugen sich lösender Ichheit
Von andern erschuldete Selbstheitschuld
Erlebet im täglichen Brote<
In dem nicht waltet der Himmel Wille
Indem der Mensch sich schied von Eurem Reich
Und vergaß Euren Namen<
Ihr Väter in den Himmeln.
Das ist, mit stammelnden Worten wiedergegeben, dasjenige, was ausdrückt etwas wie die Gesetze des sich einkörpernden Menschen, der aus dem Makrokosmos in den Mikrokosmos kommt. Seit mir diese Worte bekanntgeworden sind, habe ich gefunden, daß sie eine außerordentlich bedeutsame Meditationsformel sind. Sie haben eine Kraft über die Seele, die ganz außerordentlich ist, und man merkt sozusagen um so mehr die starke Kraft, die diese Worte haben, je mehr man sie betrachtet. Und dann, wenn man sie auflöst und zu verstehen sucht, dann zeigt sich an ihnen, wie in der Tat in ihnen das Geheimnis des Menschen und das Schicksal der Menschheit zusammengepreßt ist, und wie aus dem Umkehren der Worte das mikrokosmische Vaterunser entstehen konnte, das dann der Christus seinen Bekennern verkündet hat.
Aber nicht nur dieses Geheimnis der heidnischen Uroffenbarung nahm Jesus wahr. Als er wieder aufwachte aus der Vision, lernte er kennen durch die fliehenden Menschen und Dämonen das ganze Geheimnis des Heidentums. Das war der zweite maßlose Schmerz, der sich in seine Seele senkte. Er hatte zuerst in so bedeutender Weise kennengelernt den Verfall des Judentums dadurch, daß er erkannte, was einst dem noch nicht verfallenen Judentum offenbart worden war. Jetzt lernte er ein Gleiches bei den Heiden kennen. Auf diese Weise brachte er sich zum bewußten Erleben die Empfindung der Tatsache, daß in seiner Umgebung die Menschheit leben mußte im Sinne der Worte: Sie haben Ohren und hören nicht das, dasjenige, was die Weltgeheimnisse sind. — So mußte er sich das unbegrenzte Mitgefühl erobern, das er mit den Menschen immer gehabt hatte und das in den Worten ausgedrückt werden kann: Jetzt konnte er schauen; die Menschheit sollte den Inhalt seines Schauens haben, aber wo sind die Wesen, es der Menschheit mitzuteilen ?
Solche Erfahrungen mußte er bis zu seinem vierundzwanzigsten Lebensjahr etwa machen. Dann führte ihn sein Karma heim in der Zeit, als sein Vater starb. Er lebte dann mit seinen Stiefgeschwistern und mit seiner Zieh- oder Stiefmutter zusammen. Während die Stiefmutter ihn früher auch wenig verstanden hatte, machte sich jetzt immer mehr und mehr ein Verständnis von ihrer Seite bemerkbar für das, was er als großen Schmerz in sich trug. Und so folgten weitere Erlebnisse vom vierundzwanzigsten bis zum achtundzwanzigsten, neunundzwanzigsten, dreißigsten Lebensjahr, in denen er immer mehr und mehr — obwohl es auch hier schwer war — Verständnis fand bei seiner Stief- oder Ziehmutter. Es waren das zugleich die Jahre, in denen er mit dem Essäerorden näher bekannt wurde. Ich möchte heute nur die Hauptmomente andeuten, wie Jesus.den Essäerorden kennenlernte. Es war dies ein Orden, in welchem Menschen sich vereinigten, die sich von der übrigen Menschheit absonderten und die ein besonderes Leben des Leibes und der Seele entwickelten, um durch dieses Leben sich wieder zu jener Uroffenbarung des Geistes, welche die Menschheit verloren hatte, hinaufzuranken. In strengen Übungen und in einer strengen Lebensweise sollten die aufsteigenden Seelen eine Stufe erreichen, durch die sie wieder zusammengebracht werden konnten mit den geistigen Regionen, aus denen die Uroflenbarungen geflossen waren.
In diesem Kreise lernte Jesus von Nazareth auch Johannes den Täufer kennen, aber sie wurden beide nicht im eigentlichen Sinn Essäer. Das zeigt gerade die Akasha-Chronik auf diesem Gebiet. Aber aus alledem, was ich geschildert habe, geht ja hervor, daß eine Menschenpersönlichkeit ganz besonderer Art da war, die auf jeden ganz außerordentlich wirkte; hatte sie doch so außerordentlich, wie ich es geschildert habe, bei den Heiden gewirkt, so daß auch die Essäer — trotzdem sie sonst das, was sie für ihre Seelen errungen hatten, wie das heiligste Geheimnis bewahrten, nichts davon verrieten an Außenstehende — harmlos sprachen mit Jesus über wichtige Ordensgeheimnisse, über Wichtigstes, was sie sich im Streben ihrer Seelen errungen hatten. So lernte Jesus kennen, wie ein in jener Zeit gegenwärtiger Weg für die Menschenseele da war, um hinaufzusteigen zu den Höhen, in denen die Urseelen der Menschen einmal geweilt hatten und von denen sie herabgestiegen waren. Ja, das konnte er an den Essäern merken, wie es den Menschen doch noch möglich sei, durch besondere Übungen zu diesen Höhen wieder hinaufzuklimmen. Aber schon machte es auf seine Seele einen tief, man möchte sagen, wenn das triviale Wort in diesem Zusammenhang erlaubt ist, unbehaglichen Eindruck, daß ein solcher Essäer, wenn er zu diesen Höhen aufsteigen wollte, von der übrigen Menschheit sich absondern, ein Leben führen mußte außerhalb des Kreises der übrigen Menschen. Das war ganz und gar nicht nach der Art von allgemeinster Menschenliebe, wie Jesus von Nazareth sie fühlte, der nicht ertragen konnte, daß etwas an geistigem Gut bestehen sollte, das nicht die ganze Menschheit sich aneignen konnte, sondern nur einzelne auf Kosten der ganzen Menschheit. Und oft ging er mit größtem Schmerz weg von den Stätten der Essäer. Das, was er empfand, läßt sich mit den Worten ausdrücken: Auch da sind einzelne, und es können immer nur wenige sein, die den Weg zurückfinden zur Uroffenbarung, aber gerade wenn diese wenigen sich absondern, müssen die anderen um so mehr in Verfall leben. Sie können nicht hinaufkommen, denn sie müssen die grobe materielle Arbeit verrichten für die, die sich absondern.
Als er wieder einmal aus einem Tore der Ordensniederlassung herausging, da sah er im Geiste, wie zwei Gestalten von dem Tore wegflohen. Von diesen beiden Gestalten, die wir heute in unserer anthroposophischen Sprache Luzifer und Ahriman nennen, hatte er den Eindruck, daß die Essäer sich vor ihnen schützten, sie durch ihre Übungen, durch ihr asketisches Leben, durch die strengen Ordensregeln vertrieben. Nichts sollte von Luzifer und Ahriman an diese Seelen herankommen. Daher sah Jesus von Nazareth Ahriman und Luzifer wegfliehen, aber er wußte jetzt auch: gerade dadurch, daß eine solche Stätte geschaffen war, wo man Ahriman und Luzifer nicht zuließ, wo man nichts wissen wollte von ihnen, gerade dadurch zogen sie um so mehr zu den anderen Menschen hin, weil sie fliehen mußten von diesen Stätten. Das hatte er jetzt vor sich. Wiederum wirkt das ganz anders, wenn man es nur durch Theorie kennt, als wenn man sieht, was einzelne Seelen für ihre Förderung tun und wie dadurch Luzifer und Ahriman zu anderen Menschen hingeschickt werden, indem einzelne sie sich vom Leibe schaffen. Jetzt wußte er, daß das kein Heilsweg ist, den die Essäer gingen, sondern daß das ein Weg ist, der durch Absonderung auf Kosten der übrigen Menschheit nur die eigene Förderung sucht.
Ein unsägliches Erbarmen kam über ihn. Er empfand keine Freude an dem Aufsteigen der Essäer, da er wußte, andere Menschen mußten um so tiefer sinken, während einzelne stiegen. Das alles kam um so mehr über ihn, als er immer wieder auch an anderen Toren der Essäer — es gab mehrere solcher Stätten - das Bild sah des fliehenden Luzifer und Ahriman, die vor den Toren standen, aber nicht hineinkommen konnten in diese Ordensstätten. So wußte er, wie Ordenssitten und Ordensregeln - nach dem Muster der Essäerregeln - Luzifer und Ahriman den anderen Menschen zutreiben. Und dies war der dritte große, unendliche Schmerz, den er über den Herabstieg der Menschheit empfand und der sich so über seine Seele gebreitet hatte.
Ich sagte schon, daß seine Stief- oder Ziehmutter immer mehr Verständnis bekam für das, was in seiner Seele lebte. Jetzt trug sich das zu, was bedeutsam wurde als Vorbereitung für das Mysterium von Golgatha: Ein Gespräch fand statt - so ergibt es die Forschung in der Akasha-Chronik - zwischen Jesus von Nazareth und der Stief- oder Ziehmutter. So weit war ihr Verständnis schon vorgerückt, daß er zu ihr von dem dreifachen Schmerz sprechen konnte, den er über den Abstieg der Menschheit, den er auf dem Gebiete des Judentums und des Heidentums sowie des Essäertums durchgemacht hatte. Und indem er ihr schilderte seinen ganzen einsamen Schmerz, und was er erfahren hatte, sah er, daß dies auf ihre Seele wirkte.
Es gehört zu den großartigsten Eindrücken, die man auf okkultistischem Felde erhalten kann, gerade den Charakter dieses Gespräches kennenzulernen. Denn man kann eigentlich im ganzen Bereich der Erdenentwickelung etwas Ähnliches, ich sage nicht, etwas Größeres, denn natürlich: das Mysterium von Golgatha ist größer, aber etwas Ähnliches kann man sonst nicht sehen. Das, was er zu der Mutter sprach, waren nicht etwa bloß im gewöhnlichen Sinn Worte, sondern sie waren wie lebendige Wesen, die von ihm zu der Stiefmutter hinübergingen, und seine Seele beflügelte diese Worte mit ihren eigenen Kräften. Alles, was er so unendlich stark erlitten hatte, ging in dem Gespräch wie auf den Flügeln der Worte hinüber in die Seele der Stiefmutter. Sein eigenes Ich begleitete jedes Wort, und es war nicht bloß ein Worte- oder Gedankenaustausch, es war ein lebendiges Seelenwandern von ihm in die Seele der Stiefmutter, die Worte von seiner unendlichen Liebe, aber auch von seinem unendlichen Schmerz. Und so konnte er ihr alles wie in einem großen Tableau entwickeln, was er dreimal erlebt hatte. Was sich da abspielte, wurde noch dadurch erhöht, daß Jesus von Nazareth allmählich das Gespräch übergehen ließ in etwas, was sich ihm ergeben hatte aus dem dreifachen Leid des Menschenabstieges heraus.
Nun ist es wirklich schwierig, in Worte zu kleiden das, was er, wie zusammenfassend seine eigenen Erlebnisse, zur Stiefmutter jetzt sprach. Aber da wir ja geisteswissenschaftlich vorbereitet sind, so kann auch mit Zuhilfenahme geisteswissenschaftlicher Formeln und Ausdrücke versucht werden, den Schluß des Gespräches seinem Sinne nach zu schildern. Natürlich ist das, was ich jetzt zu sagen habe, nicht so gesprochen worden, aber es wird ungefähr eine Vorstellung hervorrufen von dem, was Jesus jetzt als Vorstellung in der Seele der Stiefmutter hervorrufen wollte: Wenn man so in die Entwickelung der Menschheit zurückblickt, dann stellt sich das gesamte Leben der Menschheit auf Erden so dar wie das einzelne menschliche Leben, nur verändert für die späteren Generationen, ihnen unbewußt. Das nachatlantische Leben der Menschheit, könnte man sagen, trat da vor die Seele des Jesus von Nazareth: wie zuerst nach dem großen Naturereignis eine urindische Kultur sich entwickelte, wo die großen heiligen Rishis ihre gewaltigen Weistümer an die Menschheit heranbringen konnten. Mit anderen Worten: es war eine spirituell-geistige Kultur da. Ja, so sagte er, so wie im einzelnen Menschen ein kindliches Alter da ist zwischen der Geburt und dem siebenten Jahr, wo ganz andere geistige Kräfte walten als im späteren Menschenleben, so wirkten geistige Kräfte in dieser urindischen Zeit. Weil diese Kräfte nicht nur bis zum siebenten Jahr da waren, sondern über das ganze Leben sich ergossen, so war die Menschheit in einer anderen Evolution als später. Damals wußte man das ganze Leben hindurch, was heute das Kind bis zum siebenten Jahr weiß und erlebt. Man denkt heute so zwischen dem siebenten und vierzehnten und dem vierzehnten und einundzwanzigsten Jahr, so wie man eben denkt, weil man die Kindheitskräfte verloren hat, die bei uns heute im siebenten Jahr abgestellt werden. Weil diese damals über das ganze Menschenleben ausgegossen waren, diese Kräfte, die heute nur bis zum siebenten Lebensjahr da sind, waren die Menschen in der ersten nachatlantischen Epoche hellsichtig. Höher stiegen sie mit den Kräften, die heute nur bis zum siebenten Jahre im Menschen leben. Ja, da war das Goldene Zeitalter in der Menschheitsentwickelung. Dann kam ein anderes Zeitalter, da waren die Kräfte in der ganzen Menschheit tätig, ausgebreitet über das ganze Leben, die sonst nur zwischen dem siebenten und vierzehnten Lebensjahr tätig sind. Dann kam die dritte Epoche, in der tätig waren die Kräfte, die heute zwischen dem vierzehnten und einundzwanzigsten Jahr wirken. Und dann lebten wir in einer Epoche, in der die Kräfte ausgegossen waren über das ganze Menschheitsleben, die sonst zwischen dem einundzwanzigsten und achtundzwanzigsten Jahre tätig sind. Da nähern wir uns aber schon, so sagte Jesus von Nazareth, der Mitte des Menschenlebens, die in den Dreißigerjahren liegt, wo für den einzelnen Menschen die Jugendkräfte aufhören aufzusteigen, wo er beginnt, den Abstieg zu vollziehen. Wir leben jetzt in dem Zeitalter, das entspricht dem achtundzwanzigsten bis fünfunddreißigsten Jahr des einzelnen Menschen, wo der Mensch den Abstieg des Lebens beginnt. Während beim einzelnen Menschen andere Kräfte noch da sind, die ihn weiterleben lassen, so ist in der ganzen Menschheit nichts mehr da. Das ist der große Schmerz, daß die Menschheit greisenhaft werden soll, ihre Jugend hinter sich hat, daß sie steht in dem Alter zwischen dem achtundzwanzigsten und fünfunddreißigsten Lebensjahr. Wo kommen neue Kräfte her? Die Jugendkräfte sind erschöpft.
In einer solchen Weise sprach Jesus zu seiner Stiefmutter über den Abstieg, der für das ganze Leben der sich fortentwickelnden Menschheit beginne, daß ein unsäglicher Schmerz in seinen Worten sich ausdrückte, so daß man sah, es war jetzt wie hoffnungslos, ganz hoffnungslos für die Menschheit. Die Jugendkräfte sind erschöpft, die Menschheit kann jetzt dem Greisenalter entgegengehen. Der einzelne Mensch, das wußte er, der führt gleichsam dadurch, daß ihm ein Rest der Kräfte verbleibt, zwischen dem fünfunddreißigsten Lebensjahr und dem Tode sein Leben weiter. Die Menschheit aber hatte so etwas nicht; in die mußte erst etwas hineinkommen: das, was dem Einzelleben eines Menschen notwendig ist zwischen dem achtundzwanzigsten bis fünfunddreißigsten Lebensjahr. Makrokosmisch mußte die Erde durchleuchtet werden von der Kraft, von der sonst der Mensch durchleuchtet werden muß da, wo er den Aufstieg des Lebens zwischen dem achtundzwanzigsten und vierunddreißigsten Jahr durchmacht.
Daß die Menschheit als solche alt wird, das ist der Gedanke, das ist die Empfindung, die man jetzt in der Akasha-Chronik sieht und während der Erzählung des Jesus von Nazareth fühlt. Während er so zu der Mutter sprach, während sozusagen der Sinn der Menschheitsentwickelung aus seinen Worten tönte, da wußte er in einem Augenblick, in dem gleichsam alles, was in seinem Selbst war, in seine Worte überfloß, daß mit ihnen aus seinem Eigenwesen etwas fortging, denn seine Worte waren dasjenige geworden, was er selbst war. Das war auch der Moment, wo jetzt hineinfloß in die Seele der Stief- oder Ziehmutter jene Seelenwesenheit, die in seiner leiblichen Mutter gelebt hatte, die nach dem Herausgehen des Zarathustra-Ichs in den Leib des anderen Jesusknaben der Erde abgestorben war und seit dem zwölften Lebensjahr des Jesus in geistigen Regionen lebte. Sie konnte von jetzt ab diese Seele der Stiefmutter durchgeistigen, so daß diese mit der Seele der leiblichen Mutter des nathanischen Jesusknaben lebte.
Der Jesus von Nazareth aber hatte so intensiv sich selbst verbunden mit den Worten, in die er all seinen Schmerz über die Menschheit geprägt hatte, daß dieses Selbst wie aus seinen Leibeshüllen verschwunden war, und seine Leibeshüllen jetzt wieder so waren, wie sie waren, als er ein kleiner Knabe war, nur durchtränkt von alldem, was er durchlitten hatte seit seinem zwölften Jahr. Das Ich des Zarathustra war weggegangen, und es lebte in seinen drei Hüllen nur das, was zurückgeblieben war durch die Macht der Erlebnisse. In diesen drei Hüllen machte sich jetzt ein Impuls geltend; der trieb ihn auf einen Weg, welcher ihn dann zu Johannes dem Täufer am Jordan führte. Wie in einer Art von Traum, der aber doch wieder kein Traum war, sondern ein höheres Bewußtsein, so ging er den Weg, und nur die drei Hüllen waren da, durchgeistigt und durchpulst von den Wirkungen der Erlebnisse seit dem zwölften Jahr. Das Ich des Zarathustra war weggegangen. Die drei Hüllen führten ihn so, daß er kaum etwas wahrnahm von dem, was um ihn war. Er lebte, gerade weil das Ich fort war, ganz im Anschauen des Schicksals der Menschen, in dem auch, was den Menschen fehlte.
Als er so dahinging auf dem Wege zu Johannes dem Täufer am Jordan, da begegneten ihm zwei Essäer, mit denen er oft Gespräche geführt hatte. So wie er jetzt war, erkannte er die beiden Essäer nicht, denn wie entrückt war seine Ichheit. Sie aber kannten ihn. Und darum sprachen sie ihn an: Wohin geht dein Weg, Jesus von Nazareth? - Das, was er zu ihnen sprach, habe ich versucht in Worte zu kleiden. Er sprach die Worte so, daß sie nicht wußten, woher sie kamen, sie kamen aus ihm und doch nicht aus ihm: Dahin, wohin Seelen eurer Art nicht blicken wollen, wo der Schmerz der Menschheit die Strahlen des vergessenen Lichtes finden kann.
Das waren die Worte, wie sie von ihm kamen. Und sie verstanden seine Rede nicht; sie merkten jetzt, daß er sie nicht erkannte. Und sie sprachen weiter: Jesus von Nazareth, kennst du uns nicht? — Und jetzt kamen noch merkwürdigere Worte. Es war, wie wenn er zu ihnen gesprochen hätte: Ihr seid wie verirrte Lämmer, ich aber war des Hirten Sohn, dem ihr entlaufen seid. Wenn ihr mich recht erkennet, werdet ihr bald von neuem entlaufen. Es ist lange her, daß ihr von mir in die Welt entflohen seid.
Die Essäer wußten nicht, was sie von ihm halten sollten, denn indem er so zu sprechen schien, nahmen seine Augen ein ganz besonderes Gepräge an. Sie waren wie nach außen und doch wieder nach innen blickend. Sie waren wie Augen, die in ihrem Ausdruck etwas hatten wie von Vorwurf für die angesprochenen Seelen. Es waren Augen, durch die es strahlte wie von milder Liebe, aber von einer Liebe, die für die Essäer zum Vorwurf wurde, der aus ihrer eigenen Scele kam. So etwa kann man charakterisieren, was die Essäer empfanden, als sie ihn hörten: Was seid ihr für Seelen? Wo ist eure Welt? Warum hüllt ihr euch in täuschende Hüllen? Warum brennt in eurem Inneren ein Feuer, das in meines Vaters Hause nicht entfacht ist?
Und es verstummten gleichsam ihre Seelen bei diesen Worten. Und er sprach weiter: Ihr habt des Versuchers Mal an euch, der traf euch nach eurer Flucht. Er hat mit seinem Feuer eure Wolle gleißend gemacht. Die Haare dieser Wolle stechen meinen Blick. Ihr verirrten Lämmer! Er hat eure Seelen mit Hochmut durchtränkt.
Als er die Worte gesprochen hatte: Gleißend ist eure Wolle geworden, die Haare dieser Wolle stechen meinen Blick —, da nahm einer der Essäer das Wort und sagte: Haben wir nicht dem Versucher die Türe gewiesen? Er hat kein Teil mehr an uns. — Da dies der Essäer gesprochen hatte, sagte Jesus weiter: Wohl wieset ihr ihm die Türe, doch er lief hin und kam zu den anderen Menschen. So greift er sie von allen Seiten an. Ihr erhöht euch nicht, wenn ihr die anderen erniedriget. Ihr kommt euch doch nur vor, als wenn ihr euch erhöhtet, weil ihr die anderen laßt verkleinert werden! Ihr bleibt so hoch, wie ihr seid, und nur weil ihr die anderen kleiner macht, so kommt ihr euch groß vor.
Jesus von Nazareth sprach so, daß es die Essäer merken konnten. Und da er dies gesprochen hatte, war es so bedrückend für die Essäer, daß sie nicht mehr schauen konnten. Ihre Augen verdunkelten sich, und Jesus von Nazareth war wie vor ihren Augen entschwunden. Dann aber, als er wie entschwunden war, da sahen sie wie von ferne sein Angesicht, aber ins Riesenhafte vergrößert, wie eine Fata Morgana vor sich, weit, weit weg, und wie aus dieser Fata Morgana sprechend, kamen Worte her, etwas, was sie empfanden wie: Eitel ist euer Streben, weil leer ist euer Herz, das ihr nur erfüllet habt mit dem Geiste, der den Stolz in die Hüllen der Demut täuschend birgt.
Dann war auch diese Fata Morgana entschwunden, und sie blieben bedrückt und bestürzt stehen. Als sie wieder schauen konnten, sahen sie, daß er schon ein Stück Wegs weitergegangen war, während sie das Gesicht gesehen hatten. Und sie konnten nichts tun, als das Bewußtsein haben, daß er schon ein Stück weitergezogen war. Bedrückt gingen sie weiter in ihre Essäerherberge, und sie erzählten niemals etwas von dem, was sie erlebt hatten, sondern schwiegen darüber zeit ihres Lebens. Sie waren dadurch allerdings die Tiefsten an Seele unter ihren Mitbrüdern geworden, aber sieschwiegen und wurden überaus stumme Brüder, die nichts redeten als das, was zur alltäglichsten Verständigung notwendig war. Ihre Brüder wußten nicht, warum sich ihr Wesen so verändert hatte. Bis zu ihrem Tod verrieten sie nichts von dem, was sie vernommen hatten. Sie erlebten daher in ganz besonderer Weise das mit, was sich ereignete als das Mysterium von Golgatha. Aber für die anderen war das, was sie erlebt hatten, wie unwahrnehmbar.
Als Jesus eine Weile des Weges weitergegangen war, da begegnete er einem Menschen, der in seiner Seele tief verzweifelt war. Aber, wie gesagt, wie entrückt war Jesus den irdischen Verhältnissen, so daß ihm unverständlich war, daß etwas wie ein Mensch an ihn herankam. Um so tieferen Eindruck machte sein Wesen auf diesen Menschen, der in seiner Seele so verzweifelt war, daß er den Eindruck allertiefsten Leides machte. Den mächtigen Eindruck, den diese Seele im Anblick des Jesus von Nazareth hatte, als er so daher kam, entlockte dem Jesus von Nazareth Worte, die etwa so gesprochen werden können: Wozu hat deine Seele ihr Weg geführt? Ich habe dich vor viel tausend Jahren gesehen; damals warst du anders!
Alles das hörte dieser verzweifelte Mensch wie gesprochen von der Erscheinung des Jesus von Nazareth, die eben herankam. Durch diese Worte fühlte sich der Verzweifelte getrieben, das Folgende zu sagen. Auf der einen Seite fühlte er das Bedürfnis seiner Seele, sich auszusprechen, auf der anderen Seite selbst seines Schicksals Antwort zu finden: Ich habe es in meinem Leben zu hohen Würden gebracht. Ich lernte immer; durch das Gelernte stieg ich unter meinen Mitmenschen zu immer höheren und höheren Würden. Jede Würde hat mich stolzer gemacht und oft sagte ich mir: Was bist du doch für ein seltener Mensch, so glänzend emporzusteigen über deine Nebenmenschen! Ich fühlte den Wert meiner Seele, die mehr wert sein mußte als die Seele anderer Menschen. Mein Hochmut stieg bei jeder neuen Würde. Da hatte ich einmal einen Traum. Ach, was war das für ein furchtbarer Traum! Nicht nur, daß ich träumte, sondern indem ich träumte, war meine Seele ausgefüllt von Schamgefühl. Denn ich schämte mich, so etwas zu träumen. Ich war in meinem Leben so stolz! Und jetzt träumte ich so etwas, was ich nie hätte träumen mögen, und das kam mir im Traum gut vor. Ich träumte, ich stellte mir die Frage: Wer hat mich groß gemacht? Und da stand ein Wesen vor mir, das sagte: Ich habe dich groß gemacht, ich habe dich erhöht, doch dafür bist du mein! — Das war, was ich als tiefste Schande fühlte, daß ich jetzt die Offenbarung erhielt, ich wäre nicht eine Seele, die auserlesen war, die durch eigene Kraft gestiegen war; eine andere Wesenheit hatte mich erhöht. Im Traume ergriff ich die Flucht. Ich habe, als ich erwachte, wirklich die Flucht ergriffen, habe alle meine Würden verlassen. Ich wußte nicht, was ich suchte, und so wandele ich, vor mir und vor dem, was ich erreicht habe, entflichend, lange schon in der Welt herum, mich schämend alles dessen, was ich einst im Hochmut gedacht habe.
Als der verzweifelnde Mensch diese Worte gesprochen hatte, stand das Wesen, das zu ihm im Traum gesprochen hatte, wieder vor ihm, zwischen ihm und Jesus von Nazareth. Es deckte dieses Traumwesen die Gestalt des Jesus von Nazareth zu. Und als das 'Traumbild sich wieder verwandelt hatte, wie in Nebel zergangen war, da war auch Jesus schon weitergegangen. Als der Verzweifelnde sich umsah, sah er ihn schon ein ganzes Stück weiter. Da mußte er denn in seiner Verzweiflung seines Weges weiterziehen.
Dann kam Jesus von Nazareth ein Aussätziger entgegen, dessen Aussatz und dessen Leiden schon aufs höchste gestiegen waren. Und durch das, was diese Seele empfand, fühlte sich wiederum das Wesen des Jesus von Nazareth zu Worten gedrängt, die der Aussätzige hörte. Es waren wiederum die Worte: Wozu hat deine Seele ihr Weg geführt? Ich habe dich vor vielen Jahrtausenden gesehen, da warst du anders!
Durch diese Worte wurde der Aussätzige bestimmt, zu sprechen; wiederum in einer ähnlichen Weise, wie vorher der Verzweifelnde bestimmt worden war, zu sprechen. Der Aussätzige sagte: Ich weiß nicht, wie ich zu der Krankheit komme; sie trat allmählich an mich heran. Und die Menschen duldeten mich nicht mehr unter sich. Ich mußte in die Einöde wandern, konnte kaum vor den Türen das erbetteln, was die Leute mir hinwarfen. Da kam ich eines Nachts in die Nähe eines dichten Waldes. Da sah ich wie aus einer Lichtung mir entgegenkommend einen Baum, der, von selbst leuchtend, zu mir hinblinkte. Ich hatte den Drang, dem Baum, der so leuchtend mir entgegenblinkte, näherzutreten. Der Baum zog mich an. Und als ich in die Nähe des Baumes kam, da trat wie aus dem Licht des Baumes auf mich los ein Gerippe. Ich wußte: Der Tod ist es, der in dieser Form vor mir steht. Und der Tod sagte zu mir: Ich bin du; ich zehre an dir. Fürchte dich nicht! — Aber das Gerippe sprach weiter: Warum fürchtest du dich? Hast du mich nicht einst geliebt durch viele Leben hindurch? Nur wußtest du es nicht, daß du mich liebtest, denn ich war dir erschienen als ein schöner Erzengel; den glaubtest du zu lieben. - Und dann stand nicht der Tod vor mir, sondern der Erzengel, den ich oft gesehen hatte, und von dem ich wußte: Das war das Bild, das ich geliebt hatte. Dann war er verschwunden. Ich aber erwachte erst am nächsten Morgen, an dem Baume liegend, und fand mich so, daß ich noch elender war als vorher. Und ich wußte, daß alles das, was ich an Lebensgenüssen geliebt hatte, was an Eigenliebe in mir lebte, daß alles das zusammenhängt mit dem Wesen, das mir als Tod und als Erzengel erschienen war, das behauptete, ich liebte es, und ich wäre es selbst. Jetzt stehe ich vor dir, von dem ich nicht weiß, wer er ist. — Und jetzt erschien wiederum der Erzengel und dann auch der Tod und stellte sich zwischen den Aussätzigen und Jesus von Nazareth und verdeckte dem Blick des Aussätzigen den Jesus von Nazareth. Als der Aussätzige nur den Erzengel sah, verschwand Jesus, und dann verschwand auch der Tod und der Erzengel. Und der Aussätzige mußte weitergehen und sah nur, wie schon weiter fortgeschritten, den Jesus von Nazareth.
Das waren solche Ereignisse, die sich darboten auf dem Weg, wenn man ihn Akasha-Chronik-mäßig verfolgt, den Jesus von Nazareth gegangen war zwischen dem Gespräch mit der Mutter und der Johannestaufe im Jordan.
Wir werden dann morgen sehen, wie diese Ereignisse, die sich da abgespielt haben in der Begegnung mit den zwei Essäern, in der Begegnung mit dem Verzweifelnden und in der Begegnung mit dem Aussätzigen, weiterwirkten in den Hüllen des Jesus von Nazareth, wie das, was da an Berührungen mit der Welt, die der Jesus, welcher er wie entrückt war, kaum verstand, sich verquickte mit dem, was er empfing bei der Johannestaufe im Jordan.
Wem diese Ereignisse, die ich da erzählt habe, sonderbar oder wunderbar erscheinen, diese Ereignisse, die sich gerade zwischen dem Gespräch mit der Stief- oder Ziehmutter und der Johannestaufe abspielten, dem kann ich nur sagen: Sie mögen sonderbar erscheinen; sie stellen sich wahrhaftig dar bei dem Erforschen in der Akasha-Chronik. Sie stellen Ereignisse dar, die allerdings so einzig in ihrer Art sind, wie sie einzig sein müssen, da sie die Vorbereitung sind zu einem Ereignis, das auch nur einmal hat stattfinden können, zu dem Ereignis, das wir das Mysterium von Golgatha nennen. Wer nicht eingehen will auf den Gedanken, daß sich dazumal innerhalb der Entwickelung der Menschheit etwas ganz Besonderes abgespielt hat, dem wird der ganze Hergang der Menschheitsentwickelung schwer verständlich sein.
First lecture
It will be my task this evening and tomorrow evening to say a few words about what we are accustomed to calling the “Mystery of Golgotha,” and I will attempt to speak about it in a somewhat different form than has been done previously. I would like to say that previous discussions of this mystery of Golgotha have had a content that was occult, but even more so occult-theoretical. There has been talk about the nature and significance of the mystery of Golgotha for the development of humanity. Thoughts have been given to the fact that it is, in a sense, the central event for the entire development of humanity on earth, and to the extent to which it is this central event. These thoughts have been drawn entirely from the sources of occult research. They have addressed those sources of thought which, as it were, radiate from the Mystery of Golgotha, continue and are enlivened in our earthly development. From what lives in human evolution on earth, if it is grasped with a seer's eye, one can find what has been indicated as the meaning of the mystery of Golgotha.
Now, however, it will be my task to speak in more detail about what can be said in concrete terms about the events that took place at the beginning of our era. I will have to speak about the events which, in their forces, have radiated what lives on in the living aura of the earth and can be observed occultly. Tomorrow I will say something about the reasons why these things should be discussed in anthroposophical circles at this particular time in our age. Today, however, I will try to indicate something of what happened in Palestine at the beginning of our era. And I hope that in your hearts, in your souls, the event of Golgotha, as it has been characterized more in the form of ideas, will not lose its significance by our looking directly at what happened then, by grasping it, as it were, in concrete terms.
I have already hinted at some essential points in this area during my discussion of the Gospel of Luke and in the series of lectures on the so-called Gospel of Matthew. It is the fact that two Jesus boys were born at about the same time at the beginning of our calendar. I pointed out that these two Jesus boys who were born at that time were very different from each other in character and abilities. One of the Jesus boys, whose description is still illuminated by the so-called Gospel of Matthew, came from the Solomonic line of the House of David. In him lived the soul or the I of the one we know as Zarathustra.
When we consider such an incarnation, we must first be clear about one thing in particular: even if such a highly individual being reincarnates, as Zarathustra did at the time when he was born in Jesus, this individuality did not have to know in childhood or youth that it was this individuality. There is no need for the consciousness that would express itself in the words: I am so and so. That does not exist. What does exist in such a case is that the elevated abilities which a human soul can acquire through undergoing such an incarnation manifest themselves significantly at an early age and then determine the entire basic structure of the character of the child in question. Thus, the Solomonic Jesus boy — as I would like to call him — in whom the I of Zarathustra lives, is endowed with high abilities, and this is characteristic: he is endowed with abilities that enable him to easily penetrate what lives in his environment as the achievement of what humanity has conquered on earth in the course of its ongoing culture. In the environment of such a child, especially at that time, the whole culture of humanity lived in words, gestures, actions, in short, in everything that could be seen and heard. An ordinary child takes in little of what it sees and hears. This boy, however, absorbed with great inner genius even the slightest hints of what humanity had achieved; in short, he proved to be highly gifted in everything that human culture had produced up to that point in terms of what could be learned in school. Today, such a boy would be called highly gifted. Such was the Solomonic boy Jesus. Until he was twelve, he learned quickly what he could learn from his surroundings.
The other boy Jesus, who shines through in terms of character—more cannot be said—in the descriptions of Luke's Gospel was of a completely different nature. He was descended from the Nathanic line of the House of David. He was completely untalented for anything that could be learned externally. Until he was twelve, he showed no interest whatsoever in anything that could be learned in school from human culture. On the other hand, from his earliest childhood, he displayed to the highest degree what could be called genius of the heart, compassion for all human joy and all human suffering. He showed this genius particularly in that he lived less within himself, was less able to acquire the kind of abilities that can be acquired on earth, but rather felt the suffering and joy of others from early childhood as his own suffering and joy, and was able to put himself in the place of other people; he showed this to the highest degree.
There is the greatest conceivable difference between the two Jesus boys, as they appear in the Akashic Chronicle. Now, after the two boys had reached the age of twelve, the event occurred which I have already characterized several times: During the journey to Jerusalem, which the parents made with the Nathanic Jesus boy, the I of Zarathustra, which had previously remained in the other, the Solomonic Jesus boy, left his body and took possession of the body of the Nathanic Jesus boy. That is why everything that this royal ego had been able to acquire could now work in the soul of the other, the Nathanic Jesus boy, and this boy could now, without knowing it, work with all the power of Zarathustra in such a way that he aroused the astonishment of the scribes among whom he appeared as a teacher, as the Bible also describes. I have also indicated that the other, the Solomonic Jesus boy, from whom the ego had departed, wasted away very quickly and died in a relatively short time.
It must be noted that life does not immediately cease for a person who, as has now been described for the Solomonic Jesus boy, gives up his ego. Just as a ball rolls along for a while, as it were by its own inner force, so such a being lives on for a while by the force that lives in it; and for those who cannot observe human souls in a subtle way, there is not much difference between what appears as a soul that still has its ego and one that has lost its ego. For in ordinary life, when we encounter a soul, the ego does not act so directly. What we experience in a human being, what we perceive of him, is in the least degree a direct revelation of the ego; it is a revelation of the ego through the astral body. But that other Jesus boy retained his astral body; and only those who can carefully distinguish—and this is not easy—whether old habits and old thoughts continue to work in a soul, or whether new things are still being taken in, can thereby perceive whether the ego is still there or not. But a kind of wasting away began, a kind of dying off, and this was the case with this boy Jesus.
Through a certain karmic destiny, soon after the passing of Zarathustra's I into the other Jesus boy, the physical mother of the Nathan Jesus boy and also the father of the Solomon Jesus boy died, and the father of the Nathan Jesus boy and the mother of the Solomon Jesus boy became a married couple. The Nathanic Jesus boy had no physical siblings, and the step-siblings he now had were the siblings of the Solomonic Jesus boy. The two families became one, which henceforth lived in the little village that was then given the name Nazareth; so that when we now speak of the Nathanic Jesus boy, in whom the I of Zarathustra now lived, we use the expression: Jesus of Nazareth.
I would now like to recount here today some details from the youth of this Jesus of Nazareth, as they can be researched in the Akashic Records, so that we may gain an understanding of a certain significant historical moment in the evolution of the earth, which then prepared the way for the mystery of Golgotha, which we will discuss tomorrow.
The life of Jesus of Nazareth unfolds in three phases that are clearly distinguishable for the seer. It had already become apparent in his conversations with the scribes that, through the transition of the Zarathustra ego, an inner power had been awakened in him at the age of twelve to become enlightened, to receive enlightenment, and to connect it with what lived as a capacity in the Zarathustra soul. If it had already become apparent that there was an immense power of inner experience in this soul, we can now observe in the adolescent Jesus, from the age of twelve to seventeen and eighteen, how, emerging from the innermost depths of the soul, the inner illuminations become ever richer and richer, and now they are especially illuminations relate to the entire development of the ancient Hebrew and, indeed, the Hebrew people as a whole.
Just as Jesus of Nazareth was placed within the Hebrew people, so the greatness of what had once been given to this people in ancient times as the prophets' immediate world secrets was no longer perceptible in the Hebrew people. Much of the ancient revelations of the prophets had been passed down, but the original abilities to obtain spiritual secrets directly from the spiritual worlds had long since faded away. They were taken from the proven scriptures. However, there were also some, such as the famous Phillel, who, through their individual development, were still able to perceive something of what had been proclaimed by the ancient prophets. But the power that had been present in the early days of the Hebrew people, in the time of the revelations, was long gone in these few people. A decline in the spiritual development of the Hebrew people was clearly noticeable. But what had once been there, what had been revealed in the time of the prophets, now emerged as inner enlightenment from the depths of the soul of Jesus of Nazareth.
But I would like to draw your attention less to this historical fact, that what had once been revealed in the time of the prophets reappeared in a single human being through inner enlightenment. Rather, I would like to direct your feelings to what it means that in infinite loneliness, a relatively young soul, the soul of the thirteen- to fourteen-year-old Jesus of Nazareth, feels a revelation rising within him that all other people in his environment no longer feel rising, that the best of them have at most in a faint reflection. Put your feelings into the life of such a soul, standing alone with one of the greatest of mankind, and realize that the mystery of Golgotha had to be prepared by allowing those lonely feelings and lonely sensations to take root in the soul of Jesus of Nazareth. When one stands there like on an island of the soul with something that one, like He who was already able to feel with all human beings in His childhood, would like to give to all human beings, but cannot give because one sees that souls have descended to a level where they can no longer receive it, when one feels all this: in pain and suffering, to know something that others cannot accept, but which you would so much like to see live in their souls too, then you prepare yourself for a mission. This is what Jesus of Nazareth prepared himself for. This gave his soul the basic tone, the basic nuance, that he had to say to himself again and again: A voice from the spiritual world is calling me. If humanity could hear it, it would be an infinite blessing. In ancient times there were people who could hear it, but now there are no ears left to hear it. — This suffering of being alone pressed more and more into his soul.
This was the inner life of Jesus of Nazareth from about the age of twelve to eighteen. As a result, he was misunderstood by his physical father and his foster mother, and not only misunderstood by his step-siblings, but often mocked and even regarded as half-mad. He worked diligently in his father's carpentry trade. But while he worked, the feelings I have just expressed and hinted at lived in his soul. Then, when he was eighteen years old, he went out on his travels. He traveled through Palestine and the surrounding pagan villages, working in various families and with various craftsmen of his trade. He was guided by his karma. As he wandered through Palestine, the whole peculiarity of his nature revealed itself to all those in whose circle he entered. During the day he worked, and in the evenings he sat with the people. And the people with whom he sat, from about the age of nineteen to twenty-two, all had the feeling, which they did not always bring to conscious awareness, but felt all the more clearly for that: that there was among them a man of a very special nature, such as they had never seen before, indeed, even more than that, such as they could never have imagined could exist. They did not know how to take him.
If one wants to understand this, one must take into account something that must always be taken into account if one really wants to penetrate the various mysteries of human evolution: that to experience something like what I have indicated in the case of the young Jesus of Nazareth causes deepest pain in the soul. But this pain is transformed into love. And much of the highest love that lives in life is transformed pain of this kind. Deepest pain has the ability to transform itself into love, which does not merely act like ordinary love through the mere existence of the loving being, but which radiates, as it were, like far-reaching auric rays. So that the people among whom Jesus was at that time believed that they had much more than just a human being among them. And when he had moved away from a place, it had such an effect that when the people sat together again in the evening, they really had the feeling of his presence. They felt as if he were still there. And this happened again and again, long after he had left a place where he had stayed: the people sitting around the table in the evening had collective visions. They saw him enter as a ghostly figure. Each one had the same vision that Jesus had come back among them, that he was talking to them, telling them things, just as he had done when he was physically present. So he lived visibly among the people long after he had gone. It was the pain transformed into love that made him so effective. The people with whom he was felt a special connection to him because of this. They never really felt separated from him again; they felt that he had remained with them and would always come back.
But he did not only wander around the region of Palestine; his karma also led him to pagan places – discussing the individual circumstances that led him there would go too far here. He came there after he had become acquainted with the declining development of Judaism. And he learned how, in the cultic practices of the pagans, as in the pagan religious rites, just as in Judaism, what had once lived as the original revelation in ancient paganism had died out. Thus he had to experience the second phase in perceiving the descent of humanity from a once spiritual height. But in a different way than in Judaism, he was to perceive how paganism had descended.
The way he perceived the descent of Judaism was more internal, gained through inner enlightenment. He saw how the revelations from the spiritual world, which had once been proclaimed by the ancient prophets, had ceased because there were no longer any ears to hear them. He realized what it was like in paganism in a place where the old pagan religion had fallen into particular decay, where the decay of paganism was also evident in outward signs. The people in the Ott, where he now came, were afflicted with leprosy and other ugly diseases. Some of them had become malicious, some were crippled, lame. They were shunned by the priests, who had fled from the area. When people saw him, word spread like wildfire that someone very special was coming. For he had now attained something in his outward appearance that was like transformed pain, like love. People saw that a being was approaching that had never before walked the earth. One said this to another. The news spread quickly, so that many ran to him, for the people believed that a priest had been brought to them who would perform their sacrifices again. For their priests had fled! So they ran to him. This is how the Akashic Records show it, as I tell you. He had no intention of performing the pagan sacrifice. But now the whole mystery of the descent of the pagan spirit age appeared to him in vivid images. He could now perceive directly what had flowed into the secrets of the pagan mysteries, what had lived in the pagan mysteries: that the forces of high divine beings had flowed down onto the sacrificial altars. But now, instead of the forces of good spirits, all kinds of demons, messengers of Lucifer and Ahriman, streamed down onto the sacred altars. Not so much inwardly through enlightenment as in Judaism, but as in external visions, he perceived the decline of pagan spiritual life.
It is something else entirely, something quite different, to learn about things theoretically than to see how demons now descended upon a sacrificial altar where divine spiritual forces had once flowed down, causing abnormal states of mind, illnesses, and so on. To see this in spiritual vision is something different than to know about it theoretically. But Jesus of Nazareth was to recognize this in direct spiritual vision, was to see how the messengers of Lucifer and Ahriman were working; he was to see what they had done among the people. He suddenly fell down as if dead. The people fled in terror. But while he was thus enraptured, as if transported into a spiritual world, he had the impression of all that had once been spoken in the original revelations to the pagans. And just as he had heard secrets that had been revealed to the ancient prophets and that now no longer lived even as a shadow in Jewish culture, so now, through spiritual inspiration, he could hear how these secrets had been revealed to the Gentiles.
What made the deepest impression on him was something that I have attempted to investigate and which I communicated for the first time on the occasion of the laying of the foundation stone for our building in Dornach. One could call it “The Reversed Lord's Prayer,” since it was the reverse of what is the substantial content of the prayer attributed to Christ Jesus by his disciples. Jesus of Nazareth now perceived something like a reversed Lord's Prayer, so that he could feel that these words contained, as if compressed, the mystery of human becoming and its embodiment in earthly incarnations:
Amen
Evil reigns
Witnesses of dissolving egoism
Self-debt owed to others
Experienced in daily bread<
In which the will of heaven does not reign
When man separated himself from your kingdom
And forgot your name<
You fathers in heaven.
This is, rendered in stammering words, what expresses something like the laws of the incarnating human being who comes from the macrocosm into the microcosm. Since these words became known to me, I have found that they are an extraordinarily significant meditation formula. They have an extraordinary power over the soul, and the more one contemplates them, the more one notices the strong power that these words have. And then, when one breaks them down and tries to understand them, one sees how the mystery of man and the destiny of humanity are indeed compressed within them, and how the reversal of the words could give rise to the microcosmic Lord's Prayer, which Christ then proclaimed to his followers.
But Jesus perceived not only this mystery of the pagan revelation. When he awoke from his vision, he learned from the fleeing people and demons the whole mystery of paganism. This was the second immense pain that sank into his soul. He had first learned in such a significant way about the decline of Judaism by recognizing what had once been revealed to Judaism before its decline. Now he learned the same thing about the pagans. In this way, he brought himself to consciously experience the fact that in his surroundings, humanity had to live in accordance with the words: They have ears and do not hear what the secrets of the world are. — Thus, he had to conquer the boundless compassion he had always felt for humanity, which can be expressed in the words: Now he could see; humanity should have the content of his vision, but where were the beings to communicate it to humanity?
He had to go through such experiences until he was about twenty-four years old. Then his karma led him home at the time of his father's death. He then lived with his step-siblings and his foster or stepmother. While his stepmother had previously understood him little, she now showed more and more understanding for the great pain he carried within him. And so further experiences followed from the age of twenty-four to twenty-eight, twenty-nine, and thirty, during which he found more and more understanding—although it was difficult—from his stepmother or foster mother. These were also the years in which he became more closely acquainted with the Essene Order. Today I would like to mention only the main moments in which Jesus came to know the Essene Order. This was an order in which people united who separated themselves from the rest of humanity and developed a special life of body and soul in order to climb back up through this life to that original revelation of the spirit which humanity had lost. Through strict exercises and a strict way of life, the ascending souls were to reach a level through which they could be brought back together with the spiritual regions from which the original revelations had flowed.
In this circle, Jesus of Nazareth also got to know John the Baptist, but neither of them became Essenes in the true sense of the word. This is precisely what the Akashic Records show in this area. But from everything I have described, it is clear that there was a human personality of a very special kind who had an extraordinary effect on everyone; for he had worked so extraordinarily as I have described, that even the Essenes — despite the fact that they otherwise kept what they had achieved for their souls as the most sacred secret and revealed nothing of it to outsiders — spoke harmlessly with Jesus about important secrets of their order, about the most important things they had achieved in the striving of their souls. Thus Jesus learned how there was a way for the human soul at that time to ascend to the heights where the original souls of human beings had once dwelt and from which they had descended. Yes, he could see from the Essenes how it was still possible for human beings to climb back up to these heights through special exercises. But it made a deep, one might say, if the trivial word is permissible in this context, uncomfortable impression on his soul that such an Essene, if he wanted to ascend to these heights, had to separate himself from the rest of humanity and lead a life outside the circle of other people. This was not at all in keeping with the universal love of humanity felt by Jesus of Nazareth, who could not bear the idea that spiritual goods should exist that could not be appropriated by all of humanity, but only by individuals at the expense of the whole. And he often left the places of the Essenes with great sorrow. What he felt can be expressed in these words: Even there are individuals, and there can always be only a few, who find their way back to the original revelation, but precisely when these few separate themselves, the others must live all the more in decay. They cannot rise up, for they must do the coarse material work for those who separate themselves.
As he once again left a gate of the order's settlement, he saw in his mind's eye two figures fleeing from the gate. He had the impression that the Essenes were protecting themselves from these two figures, whom we now call Lucifer and Ahriman in our anthroposophical language, driving them away through their exercises, their ascetic life, and the strict rules of their order. Nothing of Lucifer and Ahriman was to come near these souls. Therefore, Jesus of Nazareth saw Ahriman and Lucifer fleeing, but he now also knew that precisely because such a place had been created where Ahriman and Lucifer were not allowed, where no one wanted to know anything about them, they were drawn all the more to other people because they had to flee from these places. This was now before him. Again, it has a completely different effect when one knows it only through theory than when one sees what individual souls do for their advancement and how Lucifer and Ahriman are sent to other people by individual souls who rid themselves of them. Now he knew that the path taken by the Essenes was not a path to salvation, but a path that sought only their own advancement through separation at the expense of the rest of humanity.
An unspeakable pity came over him. He felt no joy at the rise of the Essenes, knowing that other people had to sink all the deeper while individuals rose. All this came over him even more when he saw again and again at other gates of the Essenes—there were several such places—the image of the fleeing Lucifer and Ahriman standing at the gates but unable to enter these places of the order. Thus he knew how the customs and rules of the order — following the pattern of the Essene rules — drove Lucifer and Ahriman to other people. And this was the third great, infinite pain he felt over the descent of humanity, which had spread so widely over his soul.
I have already said that his stepmother or foster mother gained more and more understanding of what was living in his soul. Now something happened that was significant as a preparation for the mystery of Golgotha: a conversation took place—as research in the Akashic Records reveals—between Jesus of Nazareth and his stepmother or foster mother. Her understanding had already progressed to such an extent that he was able to speak to her about the threefold pain he had experienced through the descent of humanity, which he had undergone in the realm of Judaism, paganism, and Essenism. And as he described to her all his lonely pain and what he had experienced, he saw that this had an effect on her soul.
It is one of the most magnificent impressions one can receive in the occult field to become acquainted with the character of this conversation. For one can actually find something similar in the entire realm of Earth's evolution—I do not say something greater, for of course the mystery of Golgotha is greater, but one cannot see anything else like it. What he said to the mother were not merely words in the ordinary sense, but they were like living beings passing from him to the stepmother, and his soul inspired these words with its own power. Everything he had suffered so infinitely strongly passed in the conversation, as if on the wings of words, into the soul of his stepmother. His own self accompanied every word, and it was not merely an exchange of words or thoughts; it was a living soul migration from him into the soul of his stepmother, the words of his infinite love, but also of his infinite pain. And so he was able to unfold before her, as in a great tableau, everything he had experienced three times over. What was happening there was further enhanced by the fact that Jesus of Nazareth gradually let the conversation turn to something that had come to him from the threefold suffering of the descent of man.
Now it is really difficult to put into words what he said to his stepmother, summarizing his own experiences. But since we are prepared by spiritual science, we can attempt to describe the conclusion of the conversation in terms of its meaning with the help of spiritual scientific formulas and expressions. Of course, what I am about to say was not spoken in this way, but it will give you an approximate idea of what Jesus wanted to bring forth in the soul of his stepmother: When one looks back on the development of humanity, the entire life of humanity on earth appears like the life of an individual human being, only changed for later generations, unconsciously to them. The post-Atlantean life of humanity, one might say, appeared before the soul of Jesus of Nazareth: just as, after the great natural event, a primordial Indian culture developed, where the great holy Rishis were able to bring their mighty teachings to humanity. In other words, there was a spiritual culture. Yes, he said, just as in the individual human being there is a childlike age between birth and the age of seven, when completely different spiritual forces are at work than in later human life, so spiritual forces were at work in this primordial Indian period. Because these forces were not only present until the age of seven, but poured forth throughout the whole of life, humanity was in a different stage of evolution than later. At that time, people knew throughout their entire lives what children today know and experience up to the age of seven. Today, we think between the ages of seven and fourteen and between fourteen and twenty-one in the way we do because we have lost the childhood forces that are switched off in us at the age of seven. Because these forces, which today are only present until the age of seven, were poured out over the whole of human life at that time, people in the first post-Atlantean epoch were clairvoyant. They rose higher with the forces that today only live in human beings until the age of seven. Yes, that was the Golden Age in human evolution. Then another age came when the forces that are otherwise only active between the ages of seven and fourteen were active throughout the whole of humanity, spread out over the whole of life. Then came the third epoch, in which the forces that today are active between the ages of fourteen and twenty-one were active. And then we lived in an epoch in which the forces that are otherwise active between the ages of twenty-one and twenty-eight were poured out over the whole of human life. But we are already approaching, as Jesus of Nazareth said, the middle of human life, which lies in the thirties, when the forces of youth cease to rise in the individual human being and he begins to descend. We are now living in the age that corresponds to the twenty-eighth to thirty-fifth year of the individual human being, when human beings begin the descent of life. While other forces are still present in the individual human being that allow him to continue living, there is nothing left in humanity as a whole. This is the great pain that humanity is growing old, that its youth is behind it, that it stands at the age between twenty-eight and thirty-five. Where do new forces come from? The forces of youth are exhausted.
In this way Jesus spoke to his stepmother about the decline that was beginning for the whole life of evolving humanity, expressing such unspeakable pain in his words that one could see that it was now hopeless, completely hopeless for humanity. The forces of youth are exhausted, and humanity can now face old age. The individual human being, he knew, continues his life between the age of thirty-five and death, as it were, by virtue of the fact that he still has some of his strength left. But humanity did not have this; something had to come into it first: that which is necessary for the individual life of a human being between the ages of twenty-eight and thirty-five. Macrocosmically, the earth had to be illuminated by the force that otherwise illuminates human beings as they undergo the ascent of life between the ages of twenty-eight and thirty-four.
That humanity as such grows old is the thought, the feeling that one now sees in the Akashic Records and feels during the narrative of Jesus of Nazareth. While he was speaking thus to his mother, while the meaning of human evolution was sounding, as it were, from his words, he knew in a moment, when everything that was in his self overflowed into his words, that something was passing away from his own being, for his words had become what he himself was. That was also the moment when the soul entity that had lived in his physical mother, which had died after the Zarathustra ego left the body of the other Jesus boy on earth and had lived in spiritual regions since the twelfth year of Jesus' life, flowed into the soul of his stepmother or foster mother. From now on, she was able to spiritualize the soul of the stepmother so that it lived with the soul of the physical mother of the Nathanic Jesus boy.
But the Jesus of Nazareth had so intensely connected himself with the words in which he had expressed all his pain for humanity that this self had disappeared from his physical body, and his physical body was now as it had been when he was a little boy, only saturated with all that he had suffered since the age of twelve. The ego of Zarathustra had departed, and only what had been left behind by the power of his experiences lived on in his three shells. In these three shells, an impulse now made itself felt; it drove him on a path that led him to John the Baptist at the Jordan. As in a kind of dream, which was not a dream, but a higher consciousness, he walked the path, and only the three shells were there, imbued with spirit and pulsating with the effects of the experiences since the age of twelve. The ego of Zarathustra had departed. The three shells led him in such a way that he hardly noticed anything around him. Precisely because the ego was gone, he lived entirely in contemplation of the fate of human beings, including what was lacking in them.
As he was walking along the way to John the Baptist at the Jordan, he met two Essenes with whom he had often conversed. As he was now, he did not recognize the two Essenes, for his ego was so enraptured. But they knew him. And so they spoke to him: Where are you going, Jesus of Nazareth? I have tried to put into words what he said to them. He spoke the words in such a way that they did not know where they came from; they came from him and yet not from him: “To where souls of your kind do not want to look, where the pain of humanity can find the rays of forgotten light.”
These were the words as they came from him. And they did not understand his speech; they now realized that he did not recognize them. And they continued to speak: Jesus of Nazareth, do you not know us? — And now even more strange words came. It was as if he had spoken to them: You are like lost lambs, but I was the shepherd's son from whom you ran away. If you know me well, you will soon run away again. It has been a long time since you fled from me into the world."
The Essenes did not know what to make of him, for as he seemed to speak thus, his eyes took on a very special expression. They were as if looking outward and yet inward at the same time. They were like eyes that had something reproachful in their expression toward the souls addressed. They were eyes through which something shone like a gentle love, but a love that became a reproach to the Essenes, coming from their own souls. This is how one can characterize what the Essenes felt when they heard him: What kind of souls are you? Where is your world? Why do you wrap yourselves in deceptive shells? Why does a fire burn within you that was not kindled in my Father's house?
And their souls fell silent at these words. And he continued: You bear the mark of the tempter who struck you after your flight. He has made your wool glisten with his fire. The hairs of this wool prick my eyes. You strayed lambs! He has filled your souls with pride.
When he had spoken these words, “Your wool has become dazzling, and the hairs of this wool prick my eyes,” one of the Essenes spoke up and said, “Did we not show the tempter the door? He has no part in us anymore.” When the Essene had spoken, Jesus continued: ”You showed him the door, but he ran away and came to the other people. So he attacks them from all sides. You do not exalt yourselves by humiliating others. You only think you are exalting yourselves because you allow others to be belittled! You remain as high as you are, and only because you make others smaller do you appear great.
Jesus of Nazareth spoke in such a way that the Essenes could understand. And when he had spoken these words, it was so oppressive for the Essenes that they could no longer look. Their eyes darkened, and Jesus of Nazareth seemed to have disappeared before their eyes. But then, when he seemed to have disappeared, they saw his face as if from afar, but enlarged to gigantic proportions, like a mirage before them, far, far away, and as if speaking from this mirage, words came forth, something they perceived as: Your striving is vain, because your hearts are empty, filled only with the spirit that deceptively hides pride in the guise of humility.
Then this mirage also disappeared, and they stood there depressed and dismayed. When they could see again, they saw that he had already gone some distance while they had been looking at his face. And they could do nothing but realize that he had already moved on. Depressed, they continued on their way to their Essen hostel, and they never told anyone what they had experienced, but kept silent about it for the rest of their lives. This made them the deepest souls among their fellow brothers, but they remained silent and became extremely quiet brothers who spoke only what was necessary for everyday communication. Their brothers did not know why their nature had changed so much. Until their death, they revealed nothing of what they had heard. They therefore experienced in a very special way what happened as the mystery of Golgotha. But for the others, what they had experienced was imperceptible.
When Jesus had walked a little way, he met a man who was deeply despairing in his soul. But, as already mentioned, Jesus was so detached from earthly conditions that it was incomprehensible to him that something like a human being could approach him. His being made all the deeper an impression on this man, who was so desperate in his soul that he gave the impression of deepest suffering. The powerful impression that this soul had at the sight of Jesus of Nazareth as he came along elicited words from Jesus of Nazareth that can be rendered as follows: “Where has your soul led you? I saw you many thousands of years ago; you were different then!”
This desperate man heard all this as if spoken by the apparition of Jesus of Nazareth who was approaching him. These words compelled the desperate man to say the following. On the one hand, he felt the need of his soul to express itself; on the other hand, he wanted to find an answer to his own fate: “I have attained high honors in my life. I always studied; through what I learned, I rose among my fellow men to ever higher and higher positions. Every position made me prouder, and I often said to myself: What a rare person you are, to rise so brilliantly above your fellow men! I felt the value of my soul, which must be worth more than the souls of other people. My pride grew with every new position. Then I had a dream. Oh, what a terrible dream it was! Not only did I dream, but while I was dreaming, my soul was filled with shame. For I was ashamed to dream such a thing. I had been so proud in my life! And now I was dreaming something I would never have wanted to dream, and it seemed good to me in my dream. I dreamed that I asked myself: Who made me great? And there stood a being before me who said: I made you great, I elevated you, but in return you are mine! — That was what I felt as the deepest shame, that I now received the revelation that I was not a soul who had been chosen, who had risen through my own strength; another being had elevated me. In the dream, I fled. When I awoke, I really did flee, abandoning all my dignities. I did not know what I was looking for, and so I wandered around the world for a long time, fleeing from myself and from what I had achieved, ashamed of everything I had once thought in my arrogance.
When the desperate man had spoken these words, the being who had spoken to him in his dream stood before him again, between him and Jesus of Nazareth. This dream creature covered the figure of Jesus of Nazareth. And when the dream image had changed again, as if it had dissolved into mist, Jesus had already moved on. When the desperate man looked around, he saw him already a good distance away. In his despair, he had to continue on his way.
Then Jesus of Nazareth came upon a leper whose leprosy and suffering had already reached their peak. And through what this soul felt, the being of Jesus of Nazareth was again compelled to speak words that the leper heard. Again, the words were: “Where has your soul led you? I saw you many millennia ago, and you were different!
These words compelled the leper to speak, in much the same way as the desperate man had been compelled to speak before. The leper said: I do not know how I came to have this disease; it came upon me gradually. And people would no longer tolerate me among them. I had to wander into the wilderness, barely able to beg at people's doors for what they threw at me. Then one night I came to a dense forest. There I saw a tree coming toward me from a clearing, shining by itself and beckoning me. I felt compelled to approach the tree that was shining so brightly at me. The tree drew me to it. And when I came close to the tree, a skeleton emerged from the light of the tree and approached me. I knew that it was Death standing before me in this form. And Death said to me: I am you; I feed on you. Do not be afraid! — But the skeleton continued: Why are you afraid? Did you not love me once, throughout many lives? Only you did not know that you loved me, for I appeared to you as a beautiful archangel; you believed that you loved him. And then it was not Death standing before me, but the archangel whom I had often seen, and whom I knew: that was the image I had loved. Then he disappeared. But I did not wake up until the next morning, lying by the tree, and found myself even more miserable than before. And I knew that everything I had loved in life, everything that lived in me as self-love, was connected with the being who had appeared to me as death and as an archangel, who claimed that I loved him and that I was he himself. Now I stand before you, whom I do not know. — And now the archangel appeared again, and then also Death, and stood between the leper and Jesus of Nazareth, and hid Jesus of Nazareth from the leper's view. When the leper saw only the archangel, Jesus disappeared, and then Death and the archangel also disappeared. And the leper had to go on and saw only Jesus of Nazareth, who was already further ahead.
These were the events that took place on the road, if one follows it in the Akashic Records, which Jesus of Nazareth traveled between his conversation with his mother and John's baptism in the Jordan.
Tomorrow we will see how these events, which took place in the encounter with the two Essenes, in the encounter with the despairing man, and in the encounter with the leper, continued to have an effect in the shell of Jesus of Nazareth, how the contact with the world, which Jesus, who was as if in a trance, hardly understood, became intertwined with what he received at the baptism of John in the Jordan.
To those who find the events I have recounted strange or wonderful, these events that took place between the conversation with his stepmother or foster mother and the baptism of John, I can only say: They may seem strange; they are truly represented in the Akashic Records. They represent events that are indeed unique in their nature, as they must be, since they are the preparation for an event that could only take place once, the event we call the Mystery of Golgotha. Those who do not want to accept the idea that something very special took place at that time in the development of humanity will find the entire course of human development difficult to understand.