Donate books to help fund our work. Learn more→

The Rudolf Steiner Archive

a project of Steiner Online Library, a public charity

Original Impulses for the Science of the Spirit
GA 96

7 May 1906, Berlin

III. Past and Future Ways of Perceiving the Spirit

On the eve of the day we call White Lotus Day let us remember the great individual to whom we are indebted for giving the impulse for the theosophical movement Fifteen years ago on the 8th of May, Mrs Blavatsky18Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna, née Hahn (1831–91). Born in Yekaterinoslav in the Ukraine, went to the USA in 1873. In 1875 she founded the Theosophical Society with Henry Olcott. Later she continued her work in India. left the physical plane. We speak of the anniversary not of her death but of a second, different birthday when we remember the day when this individual, who did great things for humanity when in her physical body, was called to other spheres from where to continue her work. This day should arouse feelings and inner responses in us through which we get a sense of the way of working which human beings are called on to follow when they are no longer on the physical plane. This work may be all the more significant if they find suitable instruments for it on the physical plane. The members of the theosophical movement are meant to be such instruments. They are able to be such through the truths gained in the science of the spirit which you take into your hearts and minds all the year round.

The individual who was so incomparably selfless and the first to give the great messages that are taken up in the theosophical movement, may be brought a bit closer to us on this anniversary. Not many of us have an idea what Helena Petrovna Blavatsky truly was and will continue to be for the world. What does it matter? In the first century after Christ, Tacitus, a historian of incomparable significance, lived in Rome.19Tacitus (c. AD 55–120). Annales XV, 44. A century after the spiritual movement on which the whole of our western culture has been based had arisen he had no more to say about it than that far away, on the edge of the Roman empire, an insignificant sect was reported to have been founded by a certain Jesus, a Nazarene.

Is it surprising, then, if academics, professors and many educated people know nothing of Mrs Blavatsky's mission, or at least have only wrong and confused ideas and prejudices? There are laws according to which a great person appearing in this world must arouse contradiction, prejudice and misunderstanding. It will happen again and again that something minor and insignificant is only slowly and gradually overcome by something great that holds certainty for the future. The event which has come into the world through Helena Petrovna Blavatsky is one that cannot be measured in a short time span. It was an event in the face of which our words today have grown too shadowy. If the potential that lay in Mrs Blavatsky's mission comes to realization, a new stage will be reached not only in the way humanity understands the world and sees things, but also in the way human beings feel and inwardly respond. Let us consider the tremendous change that will come today for some and for many more in the future.

So that we may understand one another, let me paint a picture for you. Let us go far back to ancient Greek times. The magnificent sculptures, poetic works and scholarship that have come down to us from that time, the divine poetry of Homer, the penetrating thoughts of Plato, the teaching of Pythagoras—all this comes together for us if we cast an eye on what we may call the Greek mysteries. Such a mystery centre would be both school and temple. It was not open to those who were not yet able and worthy to take in those truths, but only to those who had prepared themselves to face truth with hallowed feelings. When they were admitted to the centre from which all the art, poetry and scholarship came, onlookers who were not yet initiated into clairvoyant power were able to see in an image—those in whom the dormant powers of mind and spirit had already been awoken would see the reality of it—how the god descended into matter, embodying himself there, and now rests in the realms of nature to await his resurrection. The mystery pupil would see that all realms of nature, the mineral, plant and animals worlds, have the sleeping god at their foundation, and that man is called to experience the resurrection of this god in himself, knowing his soul to be part of the godhead. Everywhere out there the human being can perceive something from which he is meant to arouse the slumbering godhead. In his own soul, however, he feels the divine spark itself, feels himself to be the god and gains certain knowledge of his immortality, of being at work and alive in the infinite universe. Nothing compares with the sublime feeling the mystery pupils would experience in such centres. Everything was to be found there—religion, art, knowledge. His religious feelings were aroused by the objects of veneration, holy feelings of wonder and awe would be kindled by works of art, and the riddles of the world were revealed to him in beautiful images that inspired devotion. Some of the greatest people who knew this were to say: It is only through initiation that a human being rises above the transitory and earthly to reach the eternal. Perhaps the most beautiful word we can use to speak of a scholarship and art that is deeply immersed in the sacred flame of religious feeling is ‘enthusiasm’, which means ‘to be in god’.

Having contemplated this picture and now letting our thoughts move to the present time we see not only that it has all become separated for us—beauty, wisdom and religious devotion—but that our civilization has grown so abstract and rational that the living fire of those times has been lost and grown shadowy by nature.

Some of the outstanding representatives of cultural life in our present age who felt they were not understood and thus isolated, therefore looked back to those great periods in the infinitely distant past when human beings still had communion with the spirits and the gods. They knew this, and in the stillness of the night would often long to be back in the past, at the Eleusinian Mysteries. Those were the last, wonderful times of the ancient Greek mysteries. A profound German thinker, one of those who had contemplated the riddles of existence, reflects for us the mood that would come on him when his thoughts went back to the ancient centres of Greek wisdom—the mood of one who went far away in the spirit. It was Hegel, that great master of thought, who sought to encompass the images once seen by the pupils in the mysteries.20Hegel (Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, German philosopher, 1770–1831) He wrote:

Eleusis
To Hölderlin21Hegel sent the work Eleusis to his friend the poet Hölderlin in 1796.

Around me, in me, calm is reigning.
The ever-active cares of busy people sleep.
They give me freedom and a breathing space.
Thank you. O night.
That frees me—White mists are drawn
Over the distant hills to veil them By the moon.
The bright ribbon of the lake Reflects a gentle light.
Memory puts far away the endless noise of day,
As if many years had passed since.

Those are the words of the reflective thinker as he looks deeply into the riddles of the world, being able to encompass all that lived in his own heart in his thoughts only. Looking back now to the Mysteries of Eleusis he continued:

Your image, beloved, comes before me,
And the joy of days now gone. But it soon yields
To sweeter prospects of seeing you again.
Now the longed-for ardent embrace becomes a picture
That I see before me; then the scene where questions come,
And more secretly, looking to see
What may have changed in my friend's
Demeanour, mien, way of thinking
Since we last met; delight in being sure
Of finding the old trust again, grown firmer, riper,
A union that no oath did ever seal—
To live for free and open discourse,
And never, never make a pact with statutes
That regulate opinion and the way we feel.
Now the great wish that took me to you
So easily over mountains and across rivers
Is negotiating with inert reality
But soon a sigh marks division between them
And with it, the dream sweet fantasy created soon is gone.

My eye is raised to the eternal vault of heaven,
To you, O brilliant star of night!
And from your eternal space there flows
Forgetfulness of all my wishes, all my hopes.
My mind is lost as I thus gaze,
All that I called my own has vanished.
I give myself to the immeasurable.
I am in it, am all, and am but it
Thought when it returns to me feels alien,
It fears the infinite and in a maze
It fathoms not the depths that are beheld.
Fantasy brings the eternal close to the mind,
Marrying it with form and figure. Welcome,
Sublime spirits, lofty shades
Whose brows do radiate perfection!
Be not afraid, I feel it is my heartland, too,
The glory and solemnity that shines around you.

So we have a thinker calling up the spirits who in truth did appear to the pupils at Eleusis. Then he calls up the goddess Ceres who was at the heart of the Eleusinian Mysteries. For Ceres is not only the goddess of earth's fruitfulness but also the one who fructifies cultural life.

Ha! If the gates to your sanctuary were to open now,
O Ceres, once enthroned in Eleusis!
Overcome with enthusiasm I'd now feel
The shivers of your nearness,
Understand your revelations,
I'd tell the images' sublime meaning, hear
The hymning at the meal the gods would take.
The sublime words of their counsel.

Yet silence now reigns in your halls, O goddess!
The gods have gone away to Olympus,
Away from desecrated altars;
Gone away from the tomb of humanity profaned
Is the genius of innocence whose magic once brought them here.
The wisdom of your priests is silent.
Nothing from the blessed sacraments
Has survived for us, and in vain does now
The curiosity of scholars look for more than love
Of wisdom. The seekers own it now, and despise you.
To master it, they delve for words
That would express your sublime reality.
In vain! It is but dust and ashes they discover,
In which your life will not return in all eternity.
Yet those eternally dead, content in moderation
Also liked to delve in decay, with soul all gone. In vain.
No sign remained of your fastness, no trace of any image.
To the son of sacred faith, sublime things taught,
Unspoken depth of feeling, were much too sacred
To let dry signs and symbols take their place.
Thought cannot encompass the soul,
For outside time and space, immersed in its sense
Of vast infinity, it forgets itself and once again awakens
To full awareness. Wanting to speak of this to others,
E'en in angels’ tongues, you'd know the poverty of words.
He shudders, having thought so small the sacred,
Made it so small that words seem sinful now;
Trembling he keeps silent.
Thus the initiate imposed on himself a silence that a wise
Law bid lesser spirits never to proclaim
What they did see, hear, feel in the holiness of night,
Lest the clamour of their nonsense disturb the better man
In his devotions; the hollow sound of words
Make him wax angry at the sacred thing itself, that it
Should not be trodden in the mire, entrusted
Even to memory, that it should never be
The toy and merchandise of sophists,
Selling for a pittance,
Nor a mantle for wordy pretenders, nor a rod
Upon the back of cheerful lads, and be so empty
In the end, that its life roots would lie
But in the echoes of alien tongues.
Avariciously, goddess, your sons did not
Take your honour into alleyway and market, keeping it
Within the sanctum in their breast.
You therefore did not live upon their lips.
Their life did honour you. You live on in their deeds.
During this night, too, I did hear you, sacred goddess.
Often the life of your children also reveals you to me.
I often sense you to be the soul of their doings!
You are sublimity of mind, steadfast faith
Unshaken in a divine spirit, though all else may perish.

In recent times need arose to bring the power of thought to expression in an ideal way on the one hand and a more materialistic way on the other. Hegel, too, was no longer understood, being altogether one of the lost spirits of humanity. In the second half of the 19th century the spirit of materialism entered into everything, and it now prevails almost everywhere. If it were to keep the upper hand, materialism would cause human culture to turn to stone in every way.

A strange attitude came to the fore in the second half of the 19th century. In the 18th century, Lessing was still saying that a faith need not be meaningless just because it arose in the pure, innocent childhood of humanity.22Lessing. Gotthold Ephraim (1729–81), German writer. Erziehung des Menschengeschlechtes (education of the human race) p. 78 ff. Berlin 1844. Materialists will, however, say that this faith, which is the basis of culture for all peoples, represents childish fantasies, and that only the thoughts created by means of scientific thinking reflect a mind that is both male and mature. Everyday life has become a hustle and bustle for material goods to satisfy purely physical needs, and much worse things will arise from this in future. Scientists who pride themselves on their achievements consider themselves far above anything humanity has achieved in the past to gain a relationship to the world—the priestly wisdom of ancient Chaldaea and Babylon, the teaching of Pythagoras and others. It is said of Plato, that great mind, that one cannot make head or tail of the confused ideas he has bequeathed to us. His Timaeus is said to be incomprehensible, but people do not ask for the reason why it cannot be understood.23The dialogue in this book, written late in Plato's life, shows the connection between the world of space and the cosmic soul; this has also given rise to the laws that govern the movements of heavenly bodies. Summing up, Plato wrote: ‘It has been shown how this world evolved—evolved uniquely and on its own, perfect in its nature and phenomena, visible and encompassing the great fullness of all things visible, a living organism within which all other mortal and immortal organisms have their being, the sense-perceptible image of a god who can only be conceived in thought.’ Timaios 92 C. Here we may think of Lichtenberg's words that when a head collides with a book and there is a hollow sound this may not be due to the book. In practice, materialism has also given rise to hypocrisy; above all people are not prepared to admit that life is governed entirely by materialistic aims. There has hardly ever been so much talk of ideals and such lack of understanding as in our time.

The mission of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky came at this time. Perhaps it may be permitted to state, without saying anything against her as a person, that her soul was given a task that was really too much for it. To solve the riddle as to why it was this woman in particular who was called upon to give to the world the message of theosophy, we find that she was the only possible means the spirits could find to make themselves understood by Western peoples. People in official positions had not the least conception of the spiritual realities humanity needed. The very idea of the spirit had been lost, and when anyone would speak of the spirit those were but empty words. This strange woman, who even as a young person had unusual psychic and spiritual gifts, was called upon to give the world a message which no academic person could give. From her earliest days her view of the world differed to some degree from that presented at schools and universities in the 19th century. She was able to perceive spiritual entities in everything around us, and they were as real to her as tangible objects are. From her young days, she felt great veneration for a sublime spirit. No human soul will even gain higher insight without such veneration. You may have a brilliant mind or a clear, rational mind, you may even have developed dim powers of clairvoyance, but you will not progress to genuine, true insight without the feeling we call ‘great veneration’. True insight can only be given to us by spirits who are well ahead of humanity in their evolution. Everyone will admit that people differ in their levels of development. Maybe people don't like to admit it so much in this day and age, but it cannot be denied that there are differences. Most people will, however, believe that the level of insight they have gained is indeed the highest, and they will not easily admit that there are more highly developed minds, greater than Goethe and Francis of Assisi. This, however, is the basic condition if true insight is to be gained. No one can gain it unless they have this great veneration, something that has been completely lost in our levelling age.

An important fact relates to this great veneration. We all come from worlds of spirit, from an original life in the spirit. The part of our soul that is divine comes from a divine source and origin. There was a time for each of us when the ability to look out from the soul world into the world perceived through the senses first awoke in us. In very early times, human beings had dim but clairvoyant perception. Images would arise from the soul that pointed to a real world around them. Conscious awareness in the senses, as we know it today, only came later. There was a particular moment in the development of each of us—shown symbolically for Eve in the paradise story25Genesis 3:5—when the serpent of knowledge came to us, in an incarnation that happened a long, long time ago, and said the words: ‘Your eyes will be opened, you will know good and evil in the visible world around you.’ The serpent has always been the symbol of the great spiritual teachers. Every human being had such an advanced teacher and on one occasion was with one of them when he spoke the words: ‘One day you will know the world around you as it is perceived through the senses.’

A human being who has developed great veneration will meet such a teacher once more in life, when the senses for the spirit are opened up for him. In occult terms this is known as ‘finding the guru again’, the great teacher. Each must seek his guru and will only be able to find him if he is capable of great veneration and also knows that there is something that goes beyond run-of-the-mill humanity.

This great veneration and knowledge of the existence of the great teachers lived in Mrs Blavatsky, and it was because of this that she was called to make something about these great teachers known to humanity. The guru works in hidden ways and can only be recognized by someone who has found his way to him of his own accord. Helena Petrovna Blavatsky thus had the right inner feeling that enabled her to give present-day humanity something that is quite new.

Anyone who has had some insight into the places where the truth is represented also realizes that taking hold of something new like this does have its problems. The time then comes for someone who knows something about the search for the truth when he loses his critical approach to the great human spirits. He will no longer consider superficial things about them. People who have no idea of the position which such great people hold in the world will cling to such superficial aspects. Someone able to grasp the situation will be grateful for the gifts those great spirits have given. This is indeed the only possible attitude to a person such as Mrs Blavatsky. ‘Much admired and blamed as much’,26 Faust 2, Before Menelaus' Palace. this woman called Helena came among the people. It would seem that hardly anyone else has had so much nonsense and silly things said and written about them as Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, except, of course, for others of the same stature. Some academics have made the strange statement that she had written a great work, her Secret Doctrine,27Published in London, New York, Madras in 1893. which contains the Dzyan verses, which are said to be a very ancient tradition. Others who were opposing them said, however, that Mrs Blavatsky had invented the verses, pretending that they were ancient tradition. Only academics can take foolishness to such a level. Let us assume, just for the moment, that Helena Petrovna Blavatsky had really invented the verses and let us consider them in more detail. If we study them for a while, two or three years maybe, we find that all our scholarship and all discoveries, all the achievements of modern science, may still be of interest but pale into insignificance compared with the great revelations made in these verses. Don't you think that this would make us venerate Helena Petrovna Blavatsky even more? Now of course someone who uses just the short span of two or three years to enter into the profound meaning of these verses will not care if they were written thousands of years ago or by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky in the last third of the 19th century. On reflection one even has to say to oneself that in the latter case the miracle would be even greater. It then seems all the more foolish for critics to raise objections which merely show that they have not understood a single word of it all. So there you see some of the great obstacles that rose in the path of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky. People who talk of her having had some fault or other clearly have no idea of her true importance.

Mrs Blavatsky spoke of phenomena in the occult worlds. Anyone who knows the path she followed to reach those worlds will also know the dangers connected with this. If you consider how easily our passions are roused even in the world of the senses, and the deep abysses someone had to experience who had to look into the occult worlds in the way it had to be done in order to write a book like Secret Doctrine, will no longer consider the superficial things connected with this important person and those around her. She was strong, but the resistance the world offered almost broke even her. She met so much lack of understanding and false authority, and if we consider the receptiveness and sensitivity of her occult powers, we can understand why she was more or less a broken woman when she came to the end of her life. But the things she has given to the world shall live on in humanity and have a future.

The mood I wanted to recreate for you, using the words of one of the greatest men of our time, this mood of longing must spread more and more. The longing can be satisfied with the things Mrs Blavatsky was destined to give to the world, things that need to be developed more and more. We honour her most if we see her as someone who has given the impetus. She only sought to prevail as a faithful disciple of the great spiritual powers that stood behind her, and the only people to work in harmony with the theosophical stream are those who do so in accord with those spiritual powers. The life of the spirit, which has become shadowy, will come alive again if people come to understand more and more of the things Helena Petrovna Blavatsky wanted to bring into the world with such courage, such energy and boldness. And it is possible to gain deeper insight into the nature of such a Lotus Day if we ignore all historical gossip and make every effort to consider the things that are important.

We have the right understanding for the theosophical movement if we come to realize that the living spirit of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky must continue to act through us for the salvation and progress of humanity. We'll then not merely say in an indolent, sentimental way that her immortal spirit is celebrating another birthday, but actively help it to live and work in the places where it should take effect. It surely was the only personal wish our founder had that the members of the theosophical movement would be a living means of giving expression to the spirit which she herself selflessly put wholly at the service of this spiritual movement. The more members understand this spirit of selflessness, and the more they understand that it behooves us to gain insight and understanding, the more will they do justice to the spirit of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky. One always hears people say: ‘Love and compassion are the main thing.’ Of course they are, but it needs insight and understanding to make love and compassion bear fruit. It is not uncommon to be facile, even among those who believe themselves to seek the spirit. To say ‘love’ is something you learn in a second. To gain insight for the salvation and progress of humanity needs an eternity. The meaning the theosophical movement has for us must more and more be that insight is the foundation of all true spiritual activity. It is important, therefore, that we work without respite to follow in the footsteps of our founder—step by step, never giving in to the laziness of wanting to grasp it all in a day rather than learn it properly. We can study this very well in the writings and the work of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, and all talk is in vain that is mere refusal to face up to things. What we must learn, continuing the work she herself started on the physical plane, is to seek to gain insight and knowledge in the science of the spirit.

Vergangene und Künftige Geist-Erkenntnis

Am Vorabend des Tages, den wir den «Weißen Lotustag» nennen, erinnern wir uns an die große Persönlichkeit, der wir den Anstoß zur theosophischen Bewegung zu verdanken haben. Vor fünfzehn Jahren am 8. Mai hat Frau Blavatsky den physischen Plan verlassen. Nicht von einem Todestag sprechen wir, sondern von einem zweiten, einem anderen Geburtstag, wenn wir des Tages gedenken, an dem die Individualität, die im letzten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts so Bedeutungsvolles im physischen Leib für die Menschheit geleistet hat, zu anderen Sphären gerufen worden ist, um von dort aus weiter zu wirken. Dieser Tag soll in uns die Gefühle und Empfindungen erregen, durch die wir uns aufschwingen, jene Art des Wirkens immer mehr zu spüren, zu welcher der Mensch aufgerufen wird, wenn er nicht mehr auf dem physischen Plan weilt. Diese Wirkung kann um so bedeutungsvoller sein, je geeignetere Werkzeuge er auf dem physischen Plan vorfindet. Solche Werkzeuge sollen die Glieder der theosophischen Bewegung werden. Was sie dazu instand setzt, sind solche geisteswissenschaftlichen Wahrheiten, wie Sie sie das ganze Jahr über in sich aufnehmen.

Die Individualität, die in einer unvergleichlichen Selbstlosigkeit zuerst die großen Botschaften zu verkünden hatte, an welche die theosophische Bewegung anknüpft, soll uns an diesem Tag jedes Jahr etwas nähertreten. Zwar sind noch nicht viele unter uns, welche eine Ahnung davon haben, was Helena Petrowna Blavatsky der Welt eigentlich bedeutet hat und noch bedeuten wird. Was aber tut das? Im 1. Jahrhundert nach Christus lebte in Rom Tacitus, ein Geschichtsschreiber von unvergleichlicher Bedeutung. Er wußte von der geistigen Bewegung, auf welcher unsere ganze abendländische Kultur begründet wurde, ein Jahrhundert nach deren Entstehung nichts anderes zu sagen, als daß es fern drüben an den Grenzen des Römischen Reiches eine unbedeutende Sekte gebe, die ein gewisser Jesus, ein Nazarener, begründet haben solle.

Können wir uns dann wundern, wenn heute Gelehrte, Professoren und weite Kreise der Gebildeten von der Mission der Frau Blavatsky nichts wissen oder doch die mißverständlichsten Vorstellungen und Vorurteile haben? Das Große, das in die Welt tritt, muß nach gewissen Gesetzen Widerspruch erregen, Vorurteil und Mißverständnis hervorrufen. Denn das wird sich immer und immer wiederholen, daß das Kleine, Unbeträchtliche, von dem großen Zukunftssicheren nur ganz allmählich und langsam überwunden werden kann. Was durch Helena Petrowna Blavatsky in die Welt gekommen, ist kein Ereignis, das man nach kurzem Zeitraum bemessen kann. Das ist ein Ereignis, dem gegenüber unsere Worte von heute zu schattenhaft geworden sind. Nicht nur das Verstehen der Welt, nicht nur die Auffassung der Dinge, sondern das ganze Fühlen und Empfinden der Menschheit wird in ein neues Stadium treten, wenn sich das verwirklicht, was in der Mission von Frau Blavatsky veranlagt war. Wir wollen uns einmal den Umschwung des Empfindens vor die Seele stellen, der bei einigen heute und bei vielen noch in der Zukunft eintreten wird.

Ich möchte, um uns zu verständigen, ein Bild vor Ihre Seele malen. Gehen wir weit zurück in die Zeiten des Griechentums. Was aus jener Zeit an wunderbaren Bildwerken, an Schöpfungen der Dichtkunst und aus den Wissenschaften geblieben ist, die göttlichen Töne Homers, die tiefdringenden Gedanken Platos, die geistige Lehre des Pythagoras, alles das faßt sich uns zusammen, wenn wir einen Blick hinein tun in das, was wir die griechischen Mysterien nennen. Eine solche Mysterienstätte war Schule und Tempel zugleich. Sie entzog sich den Blicken derer, welche die Wahrheit nicht würdig in ihre Seele aufnehmen konnten, und ließ nur diejenigen ein, die sich vorbereitet hatten, mit heiligen Gefühlen der Wahrheit gegenüberzutreten. Wenn solche in die Stätte, aus der alle Kunst, Dichtung, Wissenschaften hervorgegangen sind, eingelassen wurden, dann durfte der Zuschauer, der noch nicht in die hellseherische Kraft eingeweiht wat, im Bilde sehen — der aber, dem die schlummernden Geisteskräfte schon erweckt waren, sah es in Wirklichkeit —, wie der Gott in die Materie herabstieg, dort sich verkörperte und nunmehr in den Reichen der Natur bis zur Auferstehung ruht. Einem solchen Mysterienschüler wurde klar, daß alle Reiche der Natur, das Mineral-, Pflanzen- und Tierreich, im Grunde den schlummernden Gott in sich enthalten und daß der Mensch berufen ist, in sich selbst die Auferstehung dieses Gottes zu erleben, seine Seele als einen Teil der Gottheit zu empfinden. Überall draußen kann der Mensch etwas wahrnehmen, aus dem er die schlummernde Gottheit auferwecken soll. In der eigenen Seele fühlt er aber selbst den Gottesfunken, fühlt sich selbst als die Gottheit und erlangt die Gewißheit seiner Unsterblichkeit, seines Wirkens und Webens in dem unendlichen All. Nichts ist zu vergleichen mit der Erhabenheit, welche der Mysterienschüler an solchen Stätten empfand. Da war alles zugleich vorhanden: Religion, Kunst, Erkenntnis. An den Gegenständen seiner frommen Verehrung empfand er Religion, an den Werken der Kunst entzündete sich seine heilige Bewunderung, und die Welträtsel selbst enthüllten sich ihm in schönen, zur Frömmigkeit aufrufenden Bildern. Einige der Größten, die dies erlebt hatten, sagten aus: Nur dadurch, daß er eingeweiht witd, hebt sich ein Mensch über die Vergänglichkeit und über das Irdische hinaus zum Ewigen. Eine Wissenschaft und eine Kunst, die eingetaucht waren in das heilige Feuer religiöser Gefühle, stellen etwas dat, was nicht schöner als mit dem Wort «Enthusiasmus», das heißt: In Gott sein —, bezeichnet werden könnte.

Wenn wir uns dieses Bild vor die Seele gestellt haben und nun den Blick in unsere Zeit schweifen lassen, dann sehen wir nicht nur, daß wir alles getrennt erleben — Schönheit, Weisheit und Frömmigkeit -, sondern unsere abstrakt und verstandesmäßig gewordene Kultur, die das lebendige Feuer von damals verloren hat, erscheint uns wie etwas Schattenhaftes.

Darum sahen gewisse hervorragende Repräsentanten unseres Geisteslebens, die sich unverstanden und einsam fühlten, in jene großen Zeiten unendlicher Vergangenheit zurück, in denen der Mensch noch den Umgang mit den Geistern und Göttern selbst gepflegt hatte. Das wußten sie, und in der Stille der Nacht sehnte sich mancher zurück in die Mysterien von Eleusis. Sie waren der letzte wunderbare Ausläufer der griechischen Mysterien. Ein tiefer deutscher Denker, einer von denen, die sich in die Rätsel des Daseins versenkt hatten, gibt uns die Stimmung wieder, die ihn überkam, wenn seine Gedanken zurückgingen in die alten Stätten griechischer Weisheit — die Stimmung eines Geisteswanderers. Es war Flegel, jener mächtige Meister des Gedankens, der denkend die Bilder zu erfassen suchte, welche einst die Schüler der Mysterien geschaut hatten. Von ihm stammt die Dichtung.

Eleusis

An Hölderlin

Um mich, in mir wohnt Ruhe. Der geschäft’gen Menschen
Nie müde Sorge schläft. Sie geben Freiheit
Und Muße mir. Dank dir, du meine
Befreierin, o Nacht! — Mit weißem Nebelflor
Umzieht der Mond die ungewissen Grenzen
Der fernen Hügel. Freundlich blinkt
Der helle Streif des Sees herüber.
Des "Tags langweil’gen Lärmen fernt Erinnerung,
Als lägen Jahre zwischen ihm und jetzt.

So spricht der sinnende Denker, der tief hineinschaut in die Weltenrätsel, der das alles in eigener Brust nur mit Gedanken erfassen kann und nun zurückblickt zu den Mysterien von Eleusis. Er fährt fort:

Dein Bild, Geliebter, tritt vor mich,
Und der entfloh’nen Tage Lust. Doch bald weicht sie
Des Wiedersehens süßern Hoffnungen.
Schon malt sich mir der langersehnten, feurigen
Umarmung Szene; dann der Fragen, des geheimern,
Des wechselseitigen Ausspähens Szene,
Was hier an Haltung, Ausdruck, Sinnesart am Freund
Sich seit der Zeit geändert; — der Gewißheit Wonne,
Des alten Bundes Treue, fester, reifer noch zu finden,
Des Bundes, den kein Eid besiegelte:
Der freien Wahrheit nur zu leben,
Frieden mit der Satzung,

Die Meinung und Empfindung regelt, nie, nie einzugehn !
Nun unterhandelt mit der trägen Wirklichkeit der Wunsch,
Der über Berge, Flüsse leicht mich zu dir trug.
Doch ihren Zwist verkündet bald ein Seufzer und mit ihm
Entflieht der süßen Phantasien Traum.

Mein’ Aug’ erhebt sich zu des ew’gen Himmels Wölbung,
Zu dir, o glänzendes Gestirn der Nacht!
Und aller Wünsche, aller Hoffnungen
Vergessen strömt aus deiner Ewigkeit herab.
Der Sinn verliert sich in dem Anschau’n,
Was mein ich nannte, schwindet.
Ich gebe mich dem Unermeßlichen dahin.
Ich bin in ihm, bin alles, bin nur es.
Dem wiederkehrenden Gedanken fremdet,
Ihm graut vor dem Unendlichen, und staunend faßt
Er dieses Anschau’ns Tiefe nicht.
Dem Sinne nähert Phantasie das Ewige,
Vermählt es mit Gestalt. - Willkommen, ihr,
Erhab’ne Geister, hohe Schatten,
Von deren Stirne die Vollendung strahlt!
Erschrecket nicht. Ich fühl’, es ist auch meine Heimat,
Der Glanz, der Ernst, der euch umfließt.

So ruft dieser Denker nach den Geistern, die in Wahrheit den Schülern von Eleusis erschienen sind. Dann ruft er sie selbst, die Göttin Ceres, die im Mittelpunkte der Mysterien wirkte. Denn Ceres ist nicht nur die Göttin der irdischen Fruchtbarkeit, sondern auch die Befruchterin des geistigen Lebens.

Ha! Sprängen jetzt die Pforten deines Heiligtums,
O Ceres, die du in Eleusis throntest!
Begeist’rungstrunken fühlt’ ich jetzt
Die Schauer deiner Nähe,
Verstände deine Offenbarungen,
Ich deutete der Bilder hohen Sinn, vernähme
Die Hymnen bei der Götter Mahle,
Die hohen Sprüche ihres Rats.

Doch deine Hallen sind verstummt, o Göttin!
Geflohen ist der Götter Kreis in den Olymp
Zurück von den entheiligten Altären,
Gefloh’n von der entweihten Menschheit Grab
Der Unschuld Genius, der her sie zauberte.
Die Weisheit deiner Priester schweigt.
Kein Ton der heil’gen Weih’n
Hat sich zu uns gerettet, und vergebens sucht
Der Forscher Neugier mehr, als Liebe
Zur Weisheit. Sie besitzen die Sucher und verachten dich.
Um sie zu meistern, graben sie nach Worten,
In die dein hoher Sinn gepräget wär’.
Vergebens! Etwa Staub und Asche nur erhaschen sie,
Worein dein Leben ihnen ewig nimmer wiederkehrt.
Doch unter Moder und Entseeltem auch gefielen sich
Die Ewigtoten, die Genügsamen! — Umsonst, es blieb
Kein Zeichen deiner Feste, keines Bildes Spur.
Dem Sohn der Weihe war der hohen Lehren Fülle,
Des unaussprechlichen Gefühles Tiefe viel zu heilig,
Als daß er trock’ne Zeichen ihrer würdigte.
Schon der Gedanke faßt die Seele nicht,
Die, außer Zeit und Raum in Ahnung der Unendlichkeit
Versunken, sich vergißt und wieder zum Bewußtsein nun
Erwacht. Wer gar davon zu andern sprechen wollte,
Spräch’ er mit Engelzungen, fühlt der Worte Armut.
Ihm graut, das Heilige so klein gedacht,
Durch sie so kleingemacht zu haben,daß die Red’ ihm Sünde deucht,
Und daß er bebend sich den Mund verschließt.
Was der Geweihte sich so selbst verbot, verbot ein weises
Gesetz den ärmern Geistern, das nicht kund zu tun,
Was sie in heil’ger Nacht gesehn, gehört, gefühlt,
Daß nicht den Bessern selbst auch ihres Unfugs Lärm
In seiner Andacht stört’, ihr hohler Wörterkram
Ihn auf das Heil’ge selbst erzürnen machte, dieses nicht
So in den Kot getreten würde, daß man dem
Gedächtnis gar es anvertraute, daß es nicht
Zum Spielzeug und zur Ware des Sophisten,
Die er obolenweis verkaufte,
Zu des beredten Heuchlers Mantel, oder gar
Zuar Rute schon des frohen Knaben, und so leer
Am Ende würde, daß es nur im Widerhall
Von fremden Zungen seines Lebens Wurzeln hätte.
Es trugen geizig deine Söhne, Göttin,
Nicht deine Ehr’ auf Gaß’ und Markt, verwahrten sie
Im innern Heiligtum der Brust.
Drum lebtest du auf ihrem Munde nicht.
Ihr Leben ehrte dich. In ihren Taten lebst du noch.

Auch diese Nacht vernahm ich, heil’ge Gottheit, dich.
Dich offenbart oft mir auch deiner Kinder Leben,
Dich ahn’ ich oft als Seele ihrer Taten!
Du bist der hohe Sinn, der treue Glauben,
Der, einer Gottheit, wenn auch alles untergeht, nicht wankt.

Es war in der neueren Zeit notwendig, daß die Macht des Gedankens auf der einen Seite in einer ideellen, auf der anderen Seite in einer mehr materialistischen Weise zum Ausdruck kam. Auch Hegel verstand man nicht mehr, und er gehört zu den verschollenen Geistern der Menschheit überhaupt. Alles wurde in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts von dem Geiste des Materialismus durchdrungen, und auch heute herrscht in den weitesten Kreisen dieser Geist. Wenn er die Oberhand behalten sollte, so würde er die Menschheit in ihren Kulturerscheinungen vollständig zur Versteinerung führen.

Eine merkwürdige Gesinnung kam in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts zur Herrschaft. Noch im 18. Jahrhundert hatte Lessing gesagt, daß ein Glaube nicht gerade deshalb unsinnig sein muß, weil er im reinen unschuldigen Kindesalter der Menschheit aufgetreten ist. Diesen Glauben, der sich bei allen Völkern als Grundlage der Kultur findet, stellt aber der Materialist als kindhafte, phantastische Vorstellungen hin, und einzig in dem, was das naturwissenschaftliche Denken geschaffen hat, sieht man noch etwas, was dem männlich reif gewordenen Geist entspricht. Das praktische Leben ist ein Drängen und Hasten nach materiellen Gütern zur Befriedigung rein physischer Bedürfnisse geworden, und Dinge, die noch weit schlimmer sind, drohen in der Folge aufzutreten. Die Wissenschaft mit ihrer Devise: Wie wir es dann so herrlich weit gebracht dünkt sich zugleich ungeheuer erhaben über alles, was früher von der Menschheit hervorgebracht worden ist, um den Zusammenhang mit der Welt zu gewinnen: die chaldäischen und babylonischen Priesterweisheiten, die Lehren des Pythagoras und anderer. Von dem großen Plato wird gesagt, man kenne sich in dem verworrenen Zeug nicht aus, das er hinterlassen habe. Den «Timaios» nennt man unverständlich, aber man sucht nicht den Grund, warum man es nicht versteht. Hier mögen wir uns an Lichtenbergs Wort erinnern: Wenn ein Kopf und ein Buch zusammenstoßen und es hohl klingt, braucht das nicht am Buch zu liegen. — In der Praxis hat der Materialismus auch noch die Heuchelei gezeitigt, die sich vor allem nicht gestehen will, daß allein das rein materielle Streben das Leben beherrscht. Kaum jemals ist so viel von Idealen geredet und so wenig verstanden worden als in dieser Zeit.

In diese Zeit hinein fällt die Mission von Helena Petrowna Blavatsky. Man darf wohl sagen, ohne damit die Bedeutung ihrer Persönlichkeit irgendwie herabzusetzen, daß ihrer Seele eine Arbeit auferlegt wurde, die für diese Seele eigentlich zu groß war. Wenn man das Rätsel lösen will, warum gerade diese Frau dazu berufen war, die Botschaft der Theosophie der Welt zu bringen, so kommt man zu dem Ergebnis: Sie bot die einzige Möglichkeit, wodurch sich die führenden Geister den Menschen des Abendlandes verständlich machen konnten. Die Persönlichkeiten, die offizielle Stellungen bekleideten, hatten auch nicht das allergeringste Verständnis für das, was von geistigen Tatsachen für die Menschheit notwendig war. Selbst der Begriff des Geistes war verlorengegangen, und wenn man von Geist sprach, so bedeutete das nur noch ein leeres Wort. Diese merkwürdige Frau mit den sonderbaren psychisch-spirituellen Anlagen von Jugend an war berufen, der Welt eine Botschaft zu bringen, die kein Gelehrter zu bringen imstande war. Von frühester Zeit an sah sie die Welt als etwas anderes an, als es die Bildung des 19. Jahrhunderts vorschrieb. Sie konnte in allem, was uns umgibt, geistige Wesenheiten wahrnehmen, die für sie ebenso wirklich waren wie etwas, was handgreiflich ist. Und von früher Jugend an war ihr eines eigen: die große Verehrung eines erhabenen Geistes. Ohne diese große Verehrung dringt kein Menschenwesen jemals zur Erkenntnis. Mag jemand einen noch so scharfen Verstand oder eindringende Vernunft besitzen, oder gar dämmerhafte Hellseherkräfte entwickelt haben - zu echter, wahrer Erkenntnis dringt man nicht vor ohne das, was man die große Verehrung nennt. Denn die wahre Erkenntnis können uns nur diejenigen Wesen geben, welche in ihrer Entwickelung der Menschheit weit vorangeeilt sind. Jeder gibt zu, daß die einzelnen Menschen verschieden weit entwickelt sind. In unserer materialistischen Zeit gesteht man das vielleicht nicht so gerne ein, doch gewisse Unterschiede lassen sich nicht abstreiten. Aber der Meinung sind wohl die meisten, daß ihre Erkenntnis schon die höchste sei. Daß es noch höhere Wesenheiten, über Goethe und Franz von Assisi hinaus, gibt, das wird man nicht so schnell zugeben. Dennoch ist das die Grundbedingung für wirkliche Erkenntnis. Keiner erreicht sie, der nicht diese große Verehrung hat, welche der nivellierenden Anschauung unserer Zeit ganz abhanden gekommen ist.

Diese große Verehrung bedingt für den Menschen eine wichtige Tatsache. Wir alle kommen von geistigen Welten her, aus einem ursprünglichen Leben im Geiste. Der eigentlich göttliche Teil unserer Seele stammt von einem göttlichen Urgrunde ab. Einmal gab es für einen jeden von uns einen Zeitpunkt, wo überhaupt erst das Hinausschauen von der seelischen in die Sinneswelt in uns erweckt worden ist. In uralten Zeiten hatten alle Menschen ein dumpfes, aber hellseherisches Bewußtsein. Aus der Seele stiegen ihnen Bilder auf, die auf eine sie umgebende Wirklichkeit hinwiesen. Erst später nahm das Sinnesbewußtsein, wie wir es heute haben, einen Anfang. Zu einem jeden von uns trat in einem bestimmten Moment der Entwickelung — wie es für die Eva sinnbildlich in der Geschichte vom Paradies geschildert wird — die Schlange der Erkenntnis und sagte in einer weit zurückliegenden Verkörperung die Worte: Deine Augen werden aufgetan werden, du wirst das Gute und das Böse in der sichtbaren Außenwelt erkennen. — Die Schlange war immer das Sinnbild für die großen geistigen Lehrer. Ein jeder hatte einen solchen fortgeschrittenen Lehrer, er war einmal mit einem solchen zusammen, der ihm die Worte entgegentönen ließ: Du wirst einmal die sinnliche Umwelt erkennen.

Einem solchen Lehrer begegnet der Mensch, welcher die große Verehrung hat, noch einmal im Leben, wenn ihm die geistigen Sinne geöffnet werden. Man nennt das im Okkultismus das «Wiederfinden des Guru», des großen Lehrers, den jeder suchen muß und den er nur finden kann, wenn er die große Verehrung hat und zugleich weiß, daß es etwas gibt, was über die Menschheit des Durchschnitts hinausgeht.

Diese große Verehrung und das Bewußtsein von der Existenz der großen Lehrer lebte in Frau Blavatsky, und deshalb war sie berufen, der Menschheit etwas von diesen großen Lehrern zu überliefern. Der Guru waltet im Verborgenen und nur der vermag ihn zu erkennen, der selbst den Weg zu ihm gefunden hat. So hat Helena Petrowna Blavatsky die richtige Empfindung mitgebracht, um der Menschheit der Gegenwart etwas ganz Neues zu geben.

Daß die Eroberung eines solchen Neuen mit manchen Schwierigkeiten verknüpft ist, ermißt der, der ein wenig hineingesehen hat in die Stätten, wo die Wahrheit vertreten wird. Dann kommt für den Menschen, der selbst etwas vom Suchen der Wahrheit versteht, die Zeit, da er gegenüber den großen Persönlichkeiten das Kritisieren verlernt. Er schaut nicht mehr auf ihre Alltäglichkeiten hin. Nur die Menschen, die keine Ahnung von der Stellung großer Persönlichkeiten in der Welt haben, klammern sich an diese Alltäglichkeiten. Wer aber die Zusammenhänge durchschaut, ist dankbar dafür, was diese Persönlichkeiten gebracht haben. Dies ist auch der einzig mögliche Standpunkt gegenüber einer Persönlichkeit, wie es Frau Blavatsky war. «Bewundert viel und viel gescholten», trat auch diese Helena unter die Menschen, und es ist wohl kaum über irgend jemanden so Unsinniges und Törichtes gesagt und geschrieben worden wie über Helena Petrowna Blavatsky — außerdem selbstverständlich über alle diejenigen, die von gleicher Größe wie sie waren. Gelehrte haben die sonderbare Behauptung getan: Sie hat ein großes Werk geschrieben — die «Geheimlehre», in der die Dzyanstrophen stehen. Von ihnen wird gesagt, daß sie uralte Überlieferungen darstellten. Die Gegner behaupten jedoch, Frau Blavatsky habe diese Strophen erfunden und der Welt weisgemacht, das seien uralte Überlieferungen. Bis zu solcher Torheit versteigt sich wirklich nur Gelehrsamkeit. Denn nehmen wir nur für einen Augenblick an, Helena Petrowna Blavatsky hätte wirklich diese Strophen erfunden, und vertiefen wir uns einmal darin. Wenn wir uns nur eine Weile, vielleicht zwei bis drei Jahre, damit beschäftigen, dann finden wir, daß uns alle Gelehrsamkeit und alle Entdeckungen zwar noch interessieren; aber gegenüber den großen Offenbarungen, die in diesen Dzyanstrophen enthalten sind, erscheint tatsächlich alles, was die moderne Wissenschaft in der Gegenwart geleistet hat, als das Allertrivialste. Glauben Sie nicht, daß dann eigentlich die Verehrung für Helena Petrowna Blavatsky noch mehr wachsen könnte? Allerdings demjenigen, der eine kleine Spanne von zwei bis drei Jahren verwendet, um in den tiefen Sinn dieser Strophen einzudringen, wird es gleichgültig sein, ob diese Strophen vor Tausenden von Jahren geschrieben oder im letzten Drittel des 19. Jahrhunderts von Helena Petrowna Blavatsky verfaßt worden sind. Wenn man nachdenkt, muß man sich sogar sagen, daß das Wunder im zweiten Fall nur noch größer wäre. Um so törichter findet man dann den Einwand der Kritiker, die nur zeigen, daß sie von dem ganzen kein Sterbenswörtchen verstanden haben. Da haben Sie etwas von den großen Hindernissen, die sich Helena Petrowna Blavatsky entgegentürmten. Dann reden die Menschen davon, sie habe diesen oder jenen Fehler gehabt. Eine Empfindung für ihre wirkliche Bedeutung wird in solchen Menschen kaum leben können.

Nun hat Frau Blavatsky der Menschheit Erscheinungen der okkulten Welten mitgeteilt. Wer diesen Gang in die okkulten Welten kennt, wie ihn Helena Petrowna Blavatsky beschritten hat, weiß auch, welche Gefahren damit verknüpft sind. Wenn man bedenkt, wie leicht schon die Leidenschaften durch die Sinnenwelt erregt werden können, und welche Abgründe der erlebt, der in die okkulten Welten so hineinsehen mußte, wie es nötig war, um ein Buch wie die «Geheimlehre» zu schreiben, der fragt nicht mehr nach den Äußerlichkeiten, die sich an diese bedeutsame Persönlichkeit und ihre Umgebung knüpfen. Am Widerstand der Welt ist selbst diese starke Natur fast zerschellt. Gerade weil ihr so viel Unverständnis und falsche Autorität gegenüberstanden, können wir angesichts der Empfänglichkeit und Sensibilität ihrer okkulten Kräfte verstehen, daß sie als eine in gewisser Weise gebrochene Persönlichkeit an ihrem Lebensabend anlangte. Aber was sie der Welt gebracht hat, soll in der Menschheit leben und Zukunft haben.

Die Stimmung, die ich aus den Worten eines der größten Söhne der neueren Zeit heraus vor Ihre Seelen hinmalen wollte, diese Stimmung der Sehnsucht muß sich immer mehr verbreiten. Sie wird Befriedigung finden können an dem, was Frau Blavatsky der Welt bringen sollte und was immer mehr und mehr ausgestaltet werden soll. Gerade dann ehren wir diese Persönlichkeit am meisten, wenn wir sie als Anregerin betrachten. Herrschen wollte sie nur als treue Schülerin der großen geistigen Gewalten, die hinter ihr standen, und nur der wirkt im Sinne der theosophischen Strömung, der im Sinne dieser geistigen Gewalten wirkt. Das Geistesleben, das schattenhaft geworden ist, wird wieder Leben gewinnen, wenn immer mehr das verstanden wird, was Helena Petrowna Blavatsky mit solchem Mut, solcher Energie und Kühnheit in die Welt bringen wollte. Und es ist möglich, ein tieferes Verständnis für das zu gewinnen, was ein solcher Lotustag sein kann, wenn wir hinwegschen über allen historischen Klatsch und uns bemühen, auf das Wesentliche zu sehen.

Das ist das richtige Verständnis der theosophischen Bewegung, wenn wir uns zum Bewußtsein bringen, daß der lebendige Geist von Helena Petrowna Blavatsky durch uns fortwirken soll zum Heil und Fortschritt der Menschheit. Dann werden wir nicht nur in träger Sentimentalität sagen, daß dieser Geist unsterblich ist und einen neuen Geburtstag feiert, sondern wir werden selbst dazu beitragen, daß er lebt und wirken wird da, wo er wirken soll. Denn das ist wohl der einzige persönliche Wunsch der Gründerin gewesen, daß die Glieder der theosophischen Bewegung zum lebendigen Ausdrucksmittel für den Geist werden, den sie in selbstloser Art ganz in den Dienst dieser geistigen Bewegung gestellt hat, und je mehr die Mitglieder diesen Geist der Selbstlosigkeit verstehen und je mehr sie begreifen lernen, daß es eine Pflicht zur Erkenntnis gibt, desto mehr verwirklichen sie den Geist von Helena Petrowna Blavatsky. Man hört immer die Menschen sagen: «Die Hauptsache ist Liebe und Mitleid». Gewiß sind Liebe und Mitleid die Hauptsache, aber nur die Erkenntnis kann Liebe und Mitleid fruchtbar machen. Es gibt eine Bequemlichkeit, und sie ist gar nicht selten, auch unter denen, die glauben, daß sie nach dem Geiste streben. «Liebe» zu sagen, das kann man in einer Sekunde lernen. — Erkenntnis zum Heil und Segen der Menschheit zu erwerben, dazu gehört eine Ewigkeit. Und dieses Bewußtsein in uns aufnehmen, daß die Erkenntnis die Grundlage alles wirklichen geistigen Wirkens ist, das muß immer mehr der Sinn der theosophischen Bewegung werden. Deshalb kommt es darauf an, der Begründerin unserer Bewegung in rastloser Erkenntnis nachzustreben — Stück für Stück, ohne sich durch eine Bequemlichkeit beirren zu lassen, die nicht lernen will, sondern alles in einem Tage erfassen möchte. Das kann gerade an den Werken und dem Wirken von Helena Petrowna Blavatsky studiert werden, und deshalb ist alles Reden eitel, das aus einer müßigen Bequemlichkeit hervorgeht. Das aber, was wir lernen sollen, indem wir es betreiben als eine Fortsetzung dessen, was sie selbst auf dem physischen Plan begonnen hat, das ist das Streben nach geisteswissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis.

Past and Future Spiritual Knowledge

On the eve of the day we call “White Lotus Day,” we remember the great personality to whom we owe the impetus for the Theosophical Movement. Fifteen years ago, on May 8, Madame Blavatsky left the physical plane. We do not speak of a day of death, but of a second, different birthday, when we commemorate the day on which the individuality that accomplished so much for humanity in the physical body during the last third of the 19th century was called to other spheres to continue its work from there. This day should stir in us the feelings and sensations that lift us up to feel more and more the kind of work to which human beings are called when they no longer dwell on the physical plane. This effect can be all the more significant the more suitable tools they find on the physical plane. Such tools should become the members of the Theosophical Movement. What enables them to do this are the spiritual scientific truths that you absorb throughout the year.

The individuality that, in incomparable selflessness, first proclaimed the great messages to which the Theosophical Movement is connected, should come a little closer to us on this day each year. It is true that there are not yet many among us who have any idea of what Helena Petrovna Blavatsky actually meant to the world and will continue to mean. But what does that matter? In the first century AD, Tacitus, a historian of incomparable importance, lived in Rome. A century after its emergence, he knew nothing about the spiritual movement on which our entire Western culture was based, other than that there was an insignificant sect far away on the borders of the Roman Empire, which a certain Jesus, a Nazarene, was said to have founded.

Can we be surprised, then, if today scholars, professors, and broad circles of educated people know nothing about Madame Blavatsky's mission or have the most misleading ideas and prejudices about it? According to certain laws, anything great that enters the world must provoke opposition, prejudice, and misunderstanding. For it will always and again be repeated that the small and insignificant can only be overcome very gradually and slowly by the great and certain future. What Helena Petrovna Blavatsky brought into the world is not an event that can be measured after a short period of time. It is an event in comparison to which our words today have become too vague. Not only the understanding of the world, not only the perception of things, but the whole feeling and sensibility of humanity will enter a new stage when what was inherent in Mrs. Blavatsky's mission is realized. Let us imagine the transformation of feeling that will take place in some people today and in many more in the future.

To help us understand, I would like to paint a picture before your soul. Let us go far back to the times of Greek civilization. What remains from that time in terms of wonderful works of art, creations of poetry and science, the divine tones of Homer, the profound thoughts of Plato, the spiritual teachings of Pythagoras, all of this comes together for us when we take a look at what we call the Greek mysteries. Such a mystery site was both a school and a temple. It was hidden from the eyes of those who were not worthy of receiving the truth into their souls, and only allowed in those who had prepared themselves to face the truth with sacred feelings. When such people were admitted to the place from which all art, poetry, and science had emerged, the spectator who was not yet initiated into clairvoyant powers was allowed to see in images — but those whose dormant spiritual powers had already been awakened saw it in reality — how the god descended into matter, embodied himself there, and now rests in the realms of nature until the resurrection. It became clear to such a mystery student that all the realms of nature, the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms, basically contain the slumbering God within themselves, and that human beings are called upon to experience the resurrection of this God within themselves, to feel their soul as a part of the deity. Everywhere outside, human beings can perceive something from which they should awaken the slumbering deity. But in their own souls, they themselves feel the spark of God, feel themselves as the deity, and attain the certainty of their immortality, of their working and weaving in the infinite universe. Nothing can be compared to the sublimity that the mystery student felt in such places. Everything was present at once: religion, art, knowledge. In the objects of his pious worship he felt religion, in the works of art his sacred admiration was kindled, and the mysteries of the world themselves were revealed to him in beautiful images that called for piety. Some of the greatest who had experienced this testified: Only by becoming initiated does a person rise above transience and the earthly to the eternal. A science and an art immersed in the sacred fire of religious feelings represent something that could not be described more beautifully than with the word “enthusiasm,” that is, being in God.

When we have this image before our soul and now let our gaze wander to our own time, we see not only that we experience everything separately — beauty, wisdom, and piety — but also that our culture, which has become abstract and intellectual and has lost the living fire of former times, appears to us as something shadowy.

That is why certain outstanding representatives of our spiritual life, who felt misunderstood and lonely, looked back to those great times of the infinite past, when human beings still cultivated contact with the spirits and gods themselves. They knew this, and in the silence of the night, many longed to return to the mysteries of Eleusis. They were the last wonderful offshoots of the Greek mysteries. A profound German thinker, one of those who had immersed themselves in the riddles of existence, conveys to us the mood that came over him when his thoughts returned to the ancient sites of Greek wisdom — the mood of a spiritual wanderer. It was Flegel, that mighty master of thought, who sought to grasp in his mind the images that the disciples of the mysteries had once seen. The poem is his.

Eleusis

To Hölderlin

Around me, within me, dwells peace. The busy people's
Never tire of worry. They give me freedom
And leisure. Thank you, my
Liberator, O night! — With white mist
The moon envelops the uncertain boundaries
Of the distant hills. The bright strip of the lake
Flashes over kindly.
Far from the memory of the day's tedious noise,
As if years lay between it and now.

So speaks the pensive thinker, who looks deeply into the mysteries of the world, who can only grasp all this in his own heart with his thoughts and now looks back on the mysteries of Eleusis. He continues:

Your image, beloved, appears before me,
And the joy of days gone by. But soon it gives way
To sweeter hopes of reunion.
Already I picture the long-awaited, fiery
Scene of embrace; then the questions, the secret,
The scene of mutual spying,
What has changed here in attitude, expression, disposition in the friend
Since that time; — the joy of certainty,
To find the old covenant's loyalty, even stronger, more mature,
The covenant that no oath sealed:
To live only in free truth,
Peace with the statute,

That regulates opinion and feeling, never, never to be broken!
Now the desire negotiates with the sluggish reality,
That carried me easily over mountains and rivers to you.
But their dispute is soon announced by a sigh, and with it
The sweet fantasy dream flees.

My eyes rise to the vault of the eternal sky,
To you, O shining star of the night!
And all desires, all hopes
Forgotten, stream down from your eternity.
The mind loses itself in contemplation,
What I called mine disappears.
I surrender myself to the immeasurable.
I am in it, I am everything, I am only it.
Alien to recurring thoughts,
It dreads the infinite, and in amazement grasps
the depth of this contemplation.
Imagination brings eternity closer to the senses,
marries it with form. - Welcome, you
sublime spirits, lofty shadows,
from whose foreheads perfection shines!
Do not be afraid. I feel that this is also my home,
The splendor, the solemnity that surrounds you.

Thus this thinker calls upon the spirits who truly appeared to the disciples of Eleusis. Then he calls upon her himself, the goddess Ceres, who worked at the center of the mysteries. For Ceres is not only the goddess of earthly fertility, but also the fertilizer of spiritual life.

Ha! If only the gates of your sanctuary would now spring open,
O Ceres, who sat enthroned in Eleusis!
Drunk with inspiration, I would now feel
The thrill of your presence,
Understand your revelations,
I would interpret the lofty meaning of the images, hear
The hymns at the feast of the gods,
The lofty sayings of their council.

But your halls have fallen silent, O goddess!
The circle of gods has fled to Olympus
Away from the desecrated altars,
Fled from the profaned grave of humanity
The genius of innocence that conjured them here.
The wisdom of your priests is silent.
No sound of sacred consecration
Has reached us, and in vain the researcher seeks
More curiosity than love
For wisdom. They possess the seekers and despise you.
To master them, they dig for words,
In which your lofty spirit would be imprinted.
In vain! They catch only dust and ashes,
In which your life will never return to them.
But among the mold and the lifeless, they also found pleasure
The eternally dead, the frugal! — In vain, there remained
No sign of your feast, no trace of an image.
To the son of consecration, the fullness of the high teachings,
The depth of the inexpressible feeling was far too sacred,
Than that he deemed them worthy of dry signs.
The very thought cannot grasp the soul,
Which, lost in time and space in a premonition of infinity, Forgets itself and now awakens to consciousness again.
Whoever wanted to speak of it to others,
Even if he spoke with angelic tongues, would feel the poverty of words.
He dreads to have thought the sacred so small,
To have belittled it so much that speech seems sinful to him,
And that he trembles and closes his mouth.
What the consecrated man forbade himself, a wise
Law forbade the poorer spirits to reveal
What they saw, heard, and felt on that holy night,
So that the noise of their nonsense would not disturb even the better ones
In their devotion, their hollow verbiage
Made them angry at the sacred itself, so that it would not
Be trampled in the dirt, so that one would not
memory, that it would not
Become the plaything and commodity of the sophist,
Who sold it for a pittance,
To the eloquent hypocrite's cloak, or even
To the rod of the joyful boy, and so empty
In the end, that it would only echo
of foreign tongues would have the roots of his life.
Your sons, goddess, carried it stingily,
they did not carry your honor on the streets and markets, they kept it
in the inner sanctuary of their hearts.
Therefore, you did not live on their lips.
Their lives honored you. You still live in their deeds.

This night, too, I heard you, holy deity.
The lives of your children often reveal you to me,
I often sense you as the soul of their deeds!
You are the high spirit, the faithful belief,
Which, like a deity, does not waver even when all else perishes.

In recent times, it has been necessary for the power of thought to be expressed in an idealistic way on the one hand and in a more materialistic way on the other. Hegel was no longer understood either, and he belongs to the lost spirits of humanity in general. Everything in the second half of the 19th century was permeated by the spirit of materialism, and even today this spirit prevails in the widest circles. If it were to gain the upper hand, it would lead humanity to complete petrification in its cultural manifestations.

A strange attitude came to dominate in the second half of the 19th century. As late as the 18th century, Lessing had said that a belief does not have to be nonsensical simply because it arose in the pure, innocent childhood of humanity. However, materialists portray this belief, which is found in all peoples as the foundation of culture, as childish, fantastical ideas, and only in what scientific thinking has created can one still see something that corresponds to the mature, masculine spirit. Practical life has become a rush and scramble for material goods to satisfy purely physical needs, and things that are far worse threaten to follow. Science, with its motto: How wonderfully far we have come, considers itself at the same time tremendously superior to everything that humanity has produced in the past in order to gain a connection with the world: the Chaldean and Babylonian priestly wisdom, the teachings of Pythagoras and others. It is said of the great Plato that no one understands the confused stuff he left behind. The “Timaeus” is called incomprehensible, but no one seeks the reason why it is not understood. Here we may recall Lichtenberg's words: When a head and a book collide and it sounds hollow, it is not necessarily the book's fault. In practice, materialism has also given rise to hypocrisy, which above all refuses to admit that purely material pursuits dominate life. Rarely has there been so much talk of ideals and so little understanding of them as in this day and age.

It was into this era that Helena Petrovna Blavatsky's mission fell. Without in any way diminishing the significance of her personality, it is fair to say that her soul was burdened with a task that was actually too great for it. If one wants to solve the mystery of why this particular woman was called upon to bring the message of theosophy to the world, one comes to the conclusion that she offered the only possibility for the leading spirits to make themselves understood to the people of the West. The personalities who held official positions did not have the slightest understanding of what was necessary for humanity in terms of spiritual facts. Even the concept of spirit had been lost, and when people spoke of spirit, it was nothing more than an empty word. This remarkable woman, with her strange psychic and spiritual abilities from her youth, was called upon to bring the world a message that no scholar was capable of bringing. From the earliest age, she saw the world as something different from what 19th-century education prescribed. She could perceive spiritual beings in everything around us, which were as real to her as anything tangible. And from early youth, she had one characteristic: a great reverence for a sublime spirit. Without this great reverence, no human being can ever attain knowledge. No matter how sharp one's mind or how penetrating one's reason, or even if one has developed dim clairvoyant powers, one cannot attain genuine, true knowledge without what is called great reverence. For true knowledge can only be given to us by those beings who are far ahead of humanity in their development. Everyone admits that individual human beings are at different stages of development. In our materialistic age, people may not be so willing to admit this, but certain differences cannot be denied. However, most people believe that their knowledge is already the highest. They are not so quick to admit that there are even higher beings beyond Goethe and Francis of Assisi. Yet this is the basic condition for true knowledge. No one can attain it who does not have this great reverence, which has been completely lost in the leveling view of our time.

This great reverence implies an important fact for human beings. We all come from spiritual worlds, from an original life in the spirit. The truly divine part of our soul originates from a divine source. There was a time for each of us when looking out from the spiritual world into the sensory world was first awakened in us. In ancient times, all people had a dull but clairvoyant consciousness. Images arose from their souls that pointed to the reality surrounding them. Only later did sensory consciousness, as we know it today, begin to develop. At a certain moment in our development — as symbolically described for Eve in the story of Paradise — the serpent of knowledge approached each of us and, in a distant incarnation, spoke the words: Your eyes will be opened, you will recognize good and evil in the visible outer world. The serpent has always been the symbol of the great spiritual teachers. Each of us had such an advanced teacher; we were once with such a teacher who spoke these words to us: You will one day recognize the sensory environment.

A person who has great reverence will encounter such a teacher once again in life when their spiritual senses are opened. In occultism, this is called “rediscovering the guru,” the great teacher whom everyone must seek and whom they can only find if they have great reverence and at the same time know that there is something that transcends the average human being.

This great reverence and awareness of the existence of the great teachers lived in Madame Blavatsky, and that is why she was called upon to pass on something of these great teachers to humanity. The guru works in secret, and only those who have found their own way to him can recognize him. Thus Helena Petrovna Blavatsky brought with her the right feeling to give something completely new to the humanity of the present.

Anyone who has looked a little into the places where truth is represented can see that the conquest of such a new thing is associated with many difficulties. Then comes the time when people who themselves understand something of the search for truth learn to stop criticizing great personalities. They no longer look at their everyday activities. Only people who have no idea of the position of great personalities in the world cling to these everyday activities. But those who see through the connections are grateful for what these personalities have brought. This is also the only possible point of view towards a personality such as Madame Blavatsky. “Much admired and much reviled,” this Helena also walked among people, and hardly anything as nonsensical and foolish has been said and written about anyone as about Helena Petrovna Blavatsky — and, of course, about all those who were of equal stature to her. Scholars have made the strange claim that she wrote a great work—The Secret Doctrine, which contains the Dzyan stanzas. They say that these represent ancient traditions. Opponents, however, claim that Madame Blavatsky invented these stanzas and convinced the world that they were ancient traditions. Only scholarship can really go so far as to make such a foolish claim. For let us assume for a moment that Helena Petrovna Blavatsky really did invent these stanzas, and let us delve into them. If we spend just a little time, perhaps two or three years, studying them, we will find that we are still interested in all scholarship and all discoveries; but compared to the great revelations contained in these Dzyan verses, everything that modern science has achieved in the present day appears to be the most trivial thing in the world. Do you not think that our reverence for Helena Petrovna Blavatsky could then grow even more? However, those who take a little time, two or three years, to penetrate the deep meaning of these verses will be indifferent as to whether they were written thousands of years ago or in the last third of the 19th century by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky. When you think about it, you have to say that the miracle would be even greater in the second case. This makes the objection of the critics, who only show that they have not understood a single word of the whole thing, seem all the more foolish. Here you have some of the great obstacles that Helena Petrovna Blavatsky had to face. Then people talk about her having made this or that mistake. Such people are hardly capable of appreciating her true significance.

Now, Madame Blavatsky has communicated phenomena of the occult worlds to humanity. Anyone who is familiar with this journey into the occult worlds, as Helena Petrovna Blavatsky undertook it, also knows the dangers associated with it. When one considers how easily the passions can be aroused by the sensory world, and what abysses are experienced by those who had to look into the occult worlds as was necessary to write a book like The Secret Doctrine, one no longer questions the externalities associated with this significant personality and her environment. Even this strong nature was almost shattered by the resistance of the world. Precisely because she was confronted with so much incomprehension and false authority, we can understand, in view of the receptivity and sensitivity of her occult powers, that she reached the twilight of her life as a personality who was in a certain sense broken. But what she brought to the world should live on in humanity and have a future.

The mood that I wanted to paint before your souls from the words of one of the greatest sons of modern times, this mood of longing, must spread more and more. It will find satisfaction in what Madame Blavatsky was to bring to the world and what is to be developed more and more. It is precisely then that we honor this personality most when we regard her as an inspirer. She wanted to reign only as a faithful disciple of the great spiritual powers that stood behind her, and only those who work in the spirit of these spiritual powers work in the spirit of theosophy. Spiritual life, which has become shadowy, will regain vitality as more and more people understand what Helena Petrovna Blavatsky wanted to bring into the world with such courage, energy, and boldness. And it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of what such a Lotus Day can be if we look beyond all the historical gossip and strive to see the essentials.

This is the correct understanding of the theosophical movement, when we bring ourselves to the realization that the living spirit of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky should continue to work through us for the salvation and progress of humanity. Then we will not only say in sluggish sentimentality that this spirit is immortal and is celebrating a new birthday, but we ourselves will contribute to its living and working where it should work. For that was probably the founder's only personal wish, that the members of the Theosophical Movement should become a living expression of the spirit which she selflessly placed entirely at the service of this spiritual movement, and the more the members understand this spirit of selflessness and the more they learn to understand that there is a duty to seek knowledge, the more they realize the spirit of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky. One always hears people say, “The main thing is love and compassion.” Certainly, love and compassion are the main thing, but only knowledge can make love and compassion fruitful. There is a complacency, and it is not uncommon, even among those who believe they are striving for the spirit. Saying “love” can be learned in a second. Acquiring knowledge for the salvation and blessing of humanity takes an eternity. And absorbing this awareness within ourselves, that knowledge is the basis of all real spiritual work, must increasingly become the meaning of the Theosophical Movement. That is why it is important to strive to emulate the founder of our movement in her tireless pursuit of knowledge — step by step, without being misled by a complacency that does not want to learn, but wants to grasp everything in a single day. This can be studied precisely in the works and activities of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, and that is why all talk that arises from idle complacency is vain. But what we should learn by pursuing it as a continuation of what she herself began on the physical plane is the striving for spiritual scientific knowledge.