Original Impulses for the Science of the Spirit
GA 96
22 October 1906 morning, Berlin
XI. Matters of Nutrition and Methods of Healing
Today we are going to consider something from the point of view of spiritual science that may be said to be of eminent value if it is taken the right way. We are going to talk about some aspects of nutrition and healing. More than with any other kind of subject you’ll have to remember, however, that all we can do is aphoristically take individual details from an infinitely vast field and that it is extremely difficult to speak about these things at this time in a language that everyone can understand. We can therefore only consider these things in an approximate way, for in this kind of wider group I am speaking not only to the initiate who would be in a position to sense the true value of every word that is spoken.
In occult schools whose members are already at a higher level one can agree to use a specific way of saying things, so that a particular word will express a specific feeling impulse. All such things—and today we can only touch on them lightly—often have different meanings in ordinary life. But an attempt will nevertheless be made to speak about these matters, seeing that they are also of practical value. People who do not believe that effects arising from causes that lie in the world of spirit are much more powerful than the effects you get in the outer physical world will not gain much from it, however. Many will admit, in theory, that something we must call spirit, something that has a powerful influence in the world, has powers similar to those of electricity, magnetism, and so on. The science of the spirit finds itself in all kinds of positions in modern cultural life. Above all it is misunderstood by people who conservatively want to have life continue along old-established lines and also by the many people who want to bring about reforms in all kinds of areas. All these different groups of people come to the science of the spirit and consider it only natural that the science of the spirit should come to them and not they to the science of the spirit. It will of course be easy to see that someone who is a radical protector of animals will not make his energies and experience available to the spiritual scientific movement but will get really angry if all theosophists do not immediately join the animal protection movement. This is something you’ll see in all kinds of specific areas. And it is, of course, perfectly natural. But the theosophical movement is something that is universal. It relates to the different individual movements the way an architect’s plans relate to the work of the carpenters, masons, skilled craftsmen of all kinds who are working on the house. The latter are individual workers. But the person who is in charge of the building project must ask the workers to come to him to be given their particular instructions. This is also why it is not acceptable for other movements—homoeopaths, teetotallers and others—to ask that the science of the spirit should come to them. Instead, all the specialist areas must be part of the spiritual scientific movement which must aim for basic reform in a
spheres of life, but from within.
The position of theosophy in relation to science in particular is readily misunderstood. Not only do scientists believe theosophists to be against them, not wanting to have anything to do with them. Even friends of theosophy have this opinion. Above all physicians who have had a scientific training and are working to meet official requirements will easily develop the prejudice that theosophy does not involve scientific methods and therefore does not go with science. That is not the case, however.
Today you keep hearing slogans, nothing but slogans, from people. There is some justification for having specialists. But it is not the representatives of specialist fields but mainly their followers who use such slogans. One of them is one I'd particularly like to mention. You often hear that the public practically freeze with horror if you use the term ‘poison’. It seems perfectly sensible to say that no poison should ever get into the body. And people like to talk about ‘natural medicine’ in that case. But what do we really mean by ‘natural’? and by ‘poison’? The effect which the belladonna poison has on the human organism is natural, a purely natural effect. Nature does, of course, include all actions that come under the laws of nature. And what is a poison? Water is a powerful poison if someone consumes it by the bucketful, for it will then prove most destructive. And arsenic is a very good thing if you use it in particular combinations. What we need, therefore, is a truly thorough study of the human organism and the things to be found in the natural world outside.
Paracelsus72Paracelsus (see note 62). 'From the external put together the whole human being: thus you find in the same the evident corpora of all materia, and find in these all species of the parts, of health and sickness, and also all their essences ... It arises from this that you should not say: that is cholera, that is melancholia, but: that is an arsenicus, that is an aluminosum. And also: he is of Saturn, he of Mars: not: he is of melancholy, he is of cholera. For one part belongs to heaven, one part to earth, and are mingled as fire and wood are, where each may lose its name, then they are two things in one.' From Das Buch Paragranum, edited and introduced by Dr Franz Strunz, Leipzig 1903, S 29 f. On Paracelsus, see the lecture given in Berlin on 26 April 1906 (in GA 54): Paracelsus, Anthroposophical News Sheet 1941; 9:37-40. was very specific about the way particular processes in the human body relate to those in the natural world outside, for instance cholera to arsenic. He called someone with cholera an ‘arsenicus’, for he knew that the same factors played a role in arsenic and cholera and he also perceived how things harmonize. We thus have a natural process which must first be understood.
Something else that proves an obstacle in the matter of entering into dialogue with scientists is the materialistic way of thinking. This has distorted people’s views on all the matters we are concerned with here. Remember what has been said about the effects of some metals on the human organism.73See preceding lecture in this volume (21 October 1906). Someone may say the science of the spirit is pure materialism when it is said that the powers inherent in minerals and metals have material effects on the human organism. But in the science of the spirit we also know that material things have a particular relationship to the spirit. Someone who truly speaks for a spiritual view of the world will have realized that substances like these are not just matter and that spirit and soul dwell in them just like in a creature that lives in a skin. That is the sense in which a theosophist will speak of the spirit embodied in gold, in quartz or in belladonna poison. To the occultist, the world is full of spiritual entities. The spirit embodied in lead has the relationship to the human organism you heard me speak of yesterday. For theosophists it is not a matter of looking for some kinds of peculiar spiritual entities that have nothing at all to do with our world, but rather for entities that are present in every piece of metal and indeed in everything there is in the world around us. That is how one sees the spirit in matter from the point of view taken in the science of the spirit. Spiritual analogies are something based on genuine spiritual research.
We are not therefore in opposition to expert knowledge. There have to be specialist fields, and we must not ignore the outer facts. But it is impossible to gain a comprehensive point of view concerning the world on the basis of specialist knowledge. A medical practitioner is also a person and as such needs to know something of the higher worlds. He will then arrange his work in a very different way from someone who knows nothing of the great scheme of things, for he will then also rate symptoms differently. A single observation or experience may well be taken to be something quite minor if one has an overview of the whole. Just as everyone working in the sphere of culture has to meet certain preconditions, so the future will demand physicians who know the science of the spirit. An example would be Hahnemann, the founder of homoeopathy. The difference between Paracelsus and Hahnemann is enormous. The 16th-century physician was still clairvoyant to some extent. Hahnemann was no longer clairvoyant. He was only able to assess the actions of medicines by what his senses told him.74'The appropriateness of a medicine... depends not only on being the right homoeopathic choice, but also on the dose being of the right degree of magnitude, or rather smallness... Here the question arises as to what this appropriate degree of smallness may be ... Pure experiment, careful observation and experience alone will determine it.' Hahnemann, Samuel, Organon der rationalen Heilkunde, Dresden 1810, paragraphs 300 ff.
An analogy may be found for the relationship we are speaking of between the human being and the creatures and objects of the natural world. It is the relationship between the sexes, which is largely governed by sympathy. It is a mysterious attraction that brings the sexes together, a power at work in the sphere of life. It should not be taken to be something mystical in the bad sense of the word that one particular man feels drawn to one particular woman. Someone who trains himself to be an occult observer of the world has a similar relationship to all living things around him, one that may be called universal. Just as there is a specific relationship between the one man and the one woman, so there is a specific relationship between one person of the kind I am speaking of and the phenomena in the world around him. People who have developed these powers gain knowledge that lets them perceive the connection that exists between a particular thing and the human being. And this then also leads to insight into the actions of medicinal powers.
Paracelsus did not have to try things out first, no more than a magnet which attracts iron needs to try it out. He was able to say that a particular healing power lay in the red foxglove. Such knowledge will only be regained when a physician realizes that it is a matter not only of intellectual understanding but of one’s inner attitude to life; when he knows that he himself must become a completely different person. When he has transformed his temperament, his character, the whole tenor of his soul, then and only then can he develop the power of vision and understanding for the powers in the world that harmonize the human being. This will be possible in a future that it not too far off. The view of the world held in the science of the spirit must above all offer particular principles, some of which will be mentioned now, after this more general view. Anyone who is willing can gain much from this.
Four elements are involved in this. The first is that there is a connection between the process we call digestion and the process we call thinking activity, in other words, what digestion is at a lower level, thinking activity is in a higher sphere. In the human organism, as it lives on the physical plane, the two are intimately connected. Let me give you a piece of real evidence of this. It is part of thinking activity that one must be able to draw logical conclusions, seeing how one concept evolves from another. This is a quite specific part of thinking activity. You can do exercises to make this thinking activity follow a particular course. The process such exercises bring about at soul level, in your thinking activity, is brought about by a particular substance in the digestive process, and that is coffee. This is no wild assumption, it is a fact that can be proved. What you do to your stomach with coffee is the same as you do to your thinking with practical exercises in logic. If you take coffee, you encourage logical consistency in your thinking. And if it is said that taking coffee enhances the activity which is needed to strengthen one’s thinking, this may well be true. But coffee only encourages consistency in one’s thinking in a way that shows dependence; it is acting as if under compulsion. You feel a certain lack of independence in you, something like an influence coming from outside. Someone who wants to be consistent in his thinking but also to remain dependent, may drink a lot of coffee. But if he wants to be independent in his thinking, he must free himself from the very things that act on his lower nature; he must develop powers in himself that come from the soul. He will then also find that his stomach functions properly again, or continues to function properly, after the exercises in question.
Something else. The opposite of well-ordered thinking activity is the kind of thinking that cannot stay with a thought, a thinking that lacks a sound basis. This, too, has its correlate in the action which a particular substance has on the digestion, a substance contained in tea. Tea does indeed act on our lower functions as something which causes all flightiness in one’s thinking in the upper human being. You may conclude from this that some of the harmful effects of tea can be quite disastrous on occasion. But do not think that someone who takes tea all his life will finally have to be quite scatty inwardly. If tea does not have that kind of harmful effect on him this merely proves that his organism has sufficient powers of resistance.
Just as digestive functions correspond to active thinking, so do the functions of the heart and blood relate to the life of the will and of appetites; every influence brought to bear on the blood by certain substances such as certain foods will have its correspondence in an active will. This can be observed especially by considering the reverse. You often hear today that the notion of it being possible to heal someone with thoughts is something that has long since been overcome; that it is not possible, for instance, to cure someone suffering from religious mania or also persecution mania by means of correspondingly opposite thoughts. What one sees on the outside is only a symptom, and if one were able to remove this symptom the disease would shift to another organ and take a different form. Occultists have known this fact established in materialistic medicine for a long time. An occultist would never dream of trying to cure a delusion by an idea that is its opposite. But it is a different story if one intervenes much more deeply, using occult means to influence the original cause. Let us assume someone has become sick in the sphere of the will and appetites; this would be due to disorders affecting particular organs. Not only the heart comes into this, but some other things that are also connected. A materialistic physician will say: ‘I cannot cure the situation which shows itself here by teaching the patient the right ideas.’ But you have to consider that there are not just two things to be considered in the organism, not only the material basis and the life based on it; there is a third element, and the occultist knows this. Yes, an organic function lies behind immediate soul activity on the physical plane, that is, behind the things that come to expression in will impulses. But behind this organic activity lies the third element, which is that the organ has been created by the spirit, it has developed out of something that is spiritual. And it is this spiritual principle behind the organ, having created it, which we must consider. To try and give someone suffering from religious mania the right ideas will serve no purpose. But if your influence on this person is such that you address the creator of the organ function—which is the ether body—you can achieve something, not with ideas but by doing something which on the surface seems to have no connection at all with the life of ideas.
To understand this, let us consider the concept of a religious truth. You can approach the idea of the religious truth in such a way that you grasp it. This is all that is needed for the rational mind. But you can understand as many ideas as you like, this will have no effect at all in your organic life—life in the ether body as well as the physical body. It is also of no avail to try and teach a patient right ideas from conviction, for this will have no effect at all on his will activity. But if you don’t think of this truth as something that works only in terms of the rational mind, but say to the person: ‘You need to grasp this not just once, but you must let these ideas influence you again every day; they have to be repeated rhythmically day after day, and this needs to go hand in hand with quite specific feelings and images.’ To do something once has no effect. But if it happens regularly for quite some time, then it will have an effect that also reaches the organic constitution. This is what we call concentration and meditation. So you don’t influence people with just teaching them something. But if you give instructions and they follow them daily for many weeks you will influence them a little bit, for you will reach the principle that is behind the organ, its creator. Occultism does not have a different basis from the scientific approach to medicine, but there is greater knowledge. It is of course not yet possible to make these ideas publicly known.
Our breathing function is connected with the life of feeling and of the senses in the widest possible sense. You can discover many things if you get a clear picture of everything connected with the breathing function and how this can influence the life of feeling and of the senses. Breathing depends on sufficient oxygen getting into the blood and organic matter being maintained by this. People who take pleasure in things of the mind, who have a life of the spirit that puts them in a cheerful frame of mind and influences them all the time—such people influence their organs out of the spirit in a way that brings health.
Going back again to digestion and thinking activity, we shall find that this is a field where much needs to be done. It has to be understood that humanity must change more and more to a deliberate way of feeding itself. People seeking to gain knowledge in this field do, however, often fall into a particular error. They want to learn too much of what they call ‘nature’; they want to follow ‘nature’ and ‘nature’ only. Paracelsus said: 'We should not be subservient to nature. A physician has to pass nature’s examination, it is true, but he must be an artist, he must take nature further',75'How can the medicine be reconciled with such things, that the physician might reasonably call himself a physician? He is therefore subordinate to nature, and God is the lord of nature.'
'Now the physician comes from the medicine, and not from himself, and he must therefore pass nature's examination, nature being the world and all it encompasses. And what nature teaches him he must entrust to his wisdom; yet he should not seek anything in his wisdom, but solely in the light of nature, and then keep safe what he has learned in the cell of that same vessel.'
Theophrastus Paracelsus, Volumen Paramirum und Opus Paramirum, published by Dr Franz Strunz, Jena 1904, S. 74, 85.
'Then nature is so subtle and accurate in its things, that it cannot be used without great skill. For it will not reveal anything that is in a perfect state; man has to perfect it. This perfection is called Alchimia.'
'Thus the physician must furthermore be skilful. One who wishes to be skilful must have experience in everything, for the foundation of your skills goes beyond the realm of the arts; it is not the foundation of teaching but of your understanding in the skills needed for medicines.'
Das Buch Paragranum (see note 72), S. 70, 105. And he did not think the right medicines were things taken straight from nature but new products created in the spirit of nature. He believed a time would come in medicine when such new products would be the truly effective medicines. It is solely and entirely a matter of taking nature further in this field.
People wanting to give reasons today why a mixed diet is best in their view tend to say that herbivores are ruminants and have a special stomach and digestive tools for this. Carnivores, they’ll say, are predators with digestive tools and teeth made for meat-eating. In their view, human teeth and digestive tools are half-way between those of ruminants and predators, so that nature herself destined humanity to have a mixed diet. But everything in the world is in a state of flux, changing and growing. What matters is not the way human beings look today but how they may change. If people change to a vegetable diet, the organs more designed for meat eating will gradually disappear and the organs needed for a vegetable diet will develop. You have to consider how things were in the past and how they can be in future. We are therefore not giving human beings the right diet if we consider their present state but only if we take account of their inner development and change. Statistics and external facts will only give you the existing condition, they do not show the direction in which humanity must go. One must look at the world on a larger scale to some extent.
Take the national character of Russian country people, as they are today, and that of English people. Russian country people will put as little emphasis as possible on the I. The opposite is the case with English people. You can even see this from the way they write the word. English people use a capital I. Further investigation will show that sugar consumption is five times as high in England as it is in Russia. Once again we have mutual correspondence between digestive activity and thinking activity. The process brought about in the digestion by taking in relatively large amounts of sugar has its correlate in greater independence of thinking in the upper human being.
Now as you can imagine, it is also possible to take corrective measures in this sphere. Some people may make their diet such that they need only a short time to digest it, while others may well spend a long time on the process. This again allows us to see deeply into the human organism. For if someone eats rice and has soon finished digesting it, energies are left over that will then be available for thinking activity. Someone else who may be eating wild duck, for example, and needs a correspondingly longer time to digest it may well be intelligent; but when he produces thoughts it is in reality his stomach which is thinking. One person may not be a great thinker but may think independently, another a great thinker but dependent in his thinking. You can also learn something from this.
To mention something else. Great care must be taken to give the body neither too much nor too little protein. It is most important to find the right measure, for proteins in our digestion correspond to the generation of ideas in our thinking. The same activity which makes our thinking fruitful is evoked by proteins in the lower organism. If the body does not receive a balanced amount of protein, the proteins will cause an excess of energies in the lower bodily functions that correspond to the functions which in the upper organization create ideas. Human beings should, however, be more and more in control of their ideas. Protein intake should therefore be kept within limits; otherwise people are overcome by idea-creating activities from which they should really be free. Pythagoras was thinking of this when he told his students not to eat beans.
Now people will of course come and say: ‘Look at the rice eater. He’s a poor thinker.’ Well that person eating his rice has not yet developed. The point is not one of knowing the rules, thinking that everyone merely has to follow them. If the lower and the upper do not agree, this, too, may create havoc. Think of someone who has recently taken up vegetarianism. Activity in the lower man then is of a quite specific kind. Certain energies change from material powers into those of mind and spirit, but they can grow harmful if left unused and may even limit brain activity. If you then do not occupy yourself in any other way than a banker, for example, or with ordinary book learning, you can cause yourself a lot of damage unless you take up spiritual ideas with the powers saved by a vegetarian lifestyle. A vegetarian must therefore also take up life in mind and spirit, otherwise he’d do better to remain a meat eater, for his memory might suffer, certain parts of the brain may be damaged, and so on. It is not enough to feed on fruits to have the most sublime realms of life in the spirit open up to you.
Another correspondence in the organism is the following. The function in the upper organism which corresponds to reproductive capacities is the visionary element, as it is called, and thus in a way also inner imaginative activity. This is why some religious orders used to demand a degree of asceticism, which, however, was also a source of great dangers. These can only be avoided by purity in the inner life, trust in one’s own individual nature, and the ability to maintain composure in all life situations. If one does not give oneself up to affects and external influences, one is secure in this area and will be able to avert harmful influences.
White magic demands not only a pure life, but also one that is strong and certain, with the inner life firmly in control and the ability to maintain composure in all situations. If on the one hand you have so much self-control that nothing can take you aback, then you will also be secure inwardly, and be able to cope more easily with falls from grace.
A new era can come if people resolve to make theosophical wisdom their guide in all these things. In future it will be necessary, for instance, to see how one can transform certain powers that become available in the organism into powers that can be used to gain spiritual insight. One day a substance will be produced in laboratories that will be of greater value than milk. Even now it would be perfectly possible to establish a food laboratory and thus gain influence on the feeding of the nations. But a time will come when those who study the science of the spirit will be doing chemical work that is in harmony with evolving nature and not with nature as it has come to be. Goethe thus said:
Gaze on them as they grow, see how the plant
Burgeons by stages into flower and fruition.76Metamorphosis of Plants, 17/18 June 1798.
Please accept these few aspects taken from a vast field and consider that they need to be developed. You will then see that you can gain nourishment for mind and spirit from these things and discover the practical significance they may have for you.
Ernährungsfragen und Heilmethoden
Heute soll vom geisteswissenschaftlichen Standpunkt aus über etwas gesprochen werden, dem ein eminent großer Wert beigemessen werden kann, wenn es in der richtigen Weise aufgefaßt wird. Es sollen einige Gesichtspunkte über Ernährungs- und Heilweise angegeben werden. Mehr noch als bei irgendeiner anderen Auseinandersetzung müssen Sie dabei allerdings berücksichtigen, daß es sich nur um das Herausgreifen ganz aphoristischer Einzelheiten aus einem unendlich weiten Gebiete handelt und daß es sehr schwierig ist, heute schon darüber in einer allgemein verständlichen Sprache zu sprechen. Es kann deshalb auch nur annähernd darüber gesprochen werden, weil man es in einem solchen erweiterten Kreise nicht mit lauter Eingeweihten zu tun hat, die in der Lage wären, jedes Wort auch wirklich seinem Wahrheitswert nach zu empfinden.
In okkulten Schulen, deren Angehörige bereits auf einer höheren Stufe stehen, kann man sich auf eine ganz bestimmte Ausdrucksform einigen, so daß ein gewisses Wort einen entsprechenden Gefühlsimpuls zum Ausdruck bringt. Alle derartigen Dinge, wie sie heute angedeutet werden können, haben im gewöhnlichen Leben oft eine andere Bedeutung. Aber es soll doch versucht werden, auch heute schon über solche Fragen zu sprechen, haben sie doch zugleich einen praktischen Wert. Diejenigen werden freilich nicht viel davon haben, die nicht glauben, daß die Wirkungen, die aus Ursachen in der geistigen Welt erzeugt werden, viel stärker sind als die Wirkungen der äußeren physischen Welt. Daß in dem, was als Geist bezeichnet werden muß und was eine starke Wirkung in der Welt ausübt, Kräfte enthalten sind, ähnlich wie in Elektrizität, Magnetismus und so weiter, wird mancher theoretisch zugeben. Aber von realer Bedeutung wird das erst, wenn jeder dafür ein tieferes Gefühl und Verständnis aufbringt. Die Geisteswissenschaft kommt gegenüber dem heutigen Kulturleben in mancherlei Lagen. Vor allem wird sie sowohl von denen mißverstanden, die konservativ in den alten Geleisen weiterleben wollen, als auch von den zahlreichen Menschen, die auf den verschiedensten Lebensgebieten durch Reformen tätig sein wollen. Alle diese verschiedenen Gruppen von Menschen kommen an die Geisteswissenschaft heran und finden es eigentlich selbstverständlich, daß nicht sie zur Geisteswissenschaft kommen, sondern daß die Geisteswissenschaft zu ihnen komme. Wohl mag es leicht verständlich sein, daß beispielsweise ein radikaler Tierschutzfreund seine Kräfte und Erfahrungen nicht der geisteswissenschaftlichen Bewegung zur Verfügung stellt, sondern wütend wird, wenn nicht alle Theosophen gleich in die Tierschutzbewegung eintreten. Sie können das auf allen möglichen Spezialgebieten erleben. Das ist auch ganz natürlich. Da aber die theosophische Bewegung ein Universelles ist, verhält sie sich zu den verschiedenen Einzelbewegungen wie der Plan eines Baumeisters zu dem, was die Zimmerleute, Maurer, Handwerker und so weiter an dem Hause zu leisten haben. Die letztgenannten sind einzelne Arbeiter. Wer aber den ganzen Bau leitet, muß von den Arbeitern verlangen, zu ihm zu kommen, damit sie ihre speziellen Anweisungen von ihm erhalten. Deshalb kann sich die Geisteswissenschaft auch nicht darauf einlassen, wenn andere Bewegungen, Homöopathen, Antialkoholiker und andere, fordern, daß die Geisteswissenschaft zu ihnen komme, sondern alle die Spezialgebiete müssen sich eingliedern in die geisteswissenschaftliche Bewegung, die eine Grundreform auf allen Gebieten des Lebens anstreben muß, aber von innen heraus.
Insbesondere wird die Stellung der Theosophie gegenüber der Wissenschaft sehr leicht mißverstanden. Nicht nur die Wissenschafter glauben, die Theosophie wäre ihre Feindin und wolle von der Wissenschaft nichts wissen. Auch manche Freunde der Theosophie sind dieser Ansicht. Namentlich der wissenschaftlich gebildete Arzt, der im Sinne der offiziellen Anforderungen tätig ist, wird leicht zu dem Vorurteil kommen, die Theosophie arbeite nicht mit wissenschaftlichen Methoden und gehe daher nicht mit der Wissenschaft Hand in Hand. Und doch ist das nicht der Fall.
Sie hören heute von vielen Leuten Schlagworte über Schlagworte. Daß es Spezialisten gibt, ist in gewisser Weise durchaus berechtigt. Nicht die Vertreter der Spezialgebiete, sondern vor allem ihre Nachbeter gebrauchen solche Schlagworte. Eines von diesen Schlagworten möchte ich gleich an die Spitze stellen. Man hört vielfach, daß das Publikum sich geradezu hypnotisieren läßt, wenn der Ausdruck «Gift» gebraucht wird. Es erscheint sehr einleuchtend, wenn gesagt wird: Ein Gift darf nicht in den Körper kommen! — Man spricht dann gerne von «Naturheilkunde». Was hat man überhaupt unter Natur zu verstehen? Und was unter Gift? Natur umfaßt auch die Wirkung, die das Gift der Belladonna auf den menschlichen Organismus ausübt, denn es ist eine rein natürliche Wirkung. Natur schließt selbstverständlich alle Wirkungen ein, die unter Naturgesetzen stehen. Und was ist ein Gift? Wasser ist ein starkes Gift, wenn es der Mensch eimerweise vertilgt, denn es wirkt dann in hohem Grade zerstörend. Und Arsenik ist eine sehr gute Sache, wenn Sie es in bestimmten Kombinationen verwenden. Deshalb ist ein wirklich intimes Studium des menschlichen Organismus und der Dinge in der Natur draußen notwendig.
Schon Paracelsus hat in seiner schlagenden Sprache darauf hingewiesen, wie bestimmte Vorgänge des menschlichen Körpers mit solchen in der äußeren Natur zusammenhängen, so Cholera mit Arsenik. Deshalb nannte er auch einen Cholerakranken einen Arsenicus, weil er wußte, daß bei Arsenik und Cholera dieselben Faktoren wirksam sind, und weil er zugleich erkannte, wie die Dinge zusammen harmonieren. Da haben wir es mit einem Naturprozeß zu tun, den man erst durchschauen muß.
Ein anderes, was hindernd in den Weg tritt, wenn es sich um eine Verständigung mit der Wissenschaft handelt, ist die materialistische Denkweise, welche alle Fragen, um die es hier geht, in ein schiefes Licht gebracht hat. Erinnern Sie sich daran, was über die Wirkungen gewisser Metalle auf den menschlichen Organismus gesagt wurde. Nun könnte jemand behaupten, die Geisteswissenschaft sei reinster Materialismus, wenn sie erklärt, daß die Kräfte in den Mineralien und Metallen materielle Wirkungen auf den menschlichen Organismus ausüben. Doch die Geisteswissenschaft weiß zugleich, daß das Materielle in einer bestimmten Beziehung zum Geiste steht. Wer wirklich eine spirituelle Weltanschauung vertritt, hat erkannt, daß es sich bei solchen Stoffen eben nicht um bloße Materie handelt, sondern daß darin ebenso wie in einem von Haut umgebenen Wesen Geist und Seele lebt. In diesem Sinne spricht der 'Theosoph von dem Geist, der im Gold, im Quarz, im Arsenik oder im Gift der Belladonna verkörpert ist. Für den Okkultisten ist die Welt voll von geistigen Wesenheiten. Die im Blei verkörperte Geistigkeit hat jene Beziehung zum menschlichen Organismus, von der Sie gestern hörten. Für die Theosophen handelt es sich nicht um das Aufsuchen von irgendwelchen sonderbaren geistigen Wesen, die gar nichts mit unserer Welt zu tun haben, sondern um solche, die in jedem Stück Metall, wie überhaupt in allem, was uns umgibt, enthalten sind. So durchgeistigt die geisteswissenschaftliche Weltanschauung den Stoff. Geistige Analogien sind etwas, was auf wirklicher spiritueller Forschung beruht.
Nicht um eine Gegnerschaft gegen die Fachwissenschaft handelt es sich hier. Es muß Spezialisierung geben, und man darf über die äußeren Tatsachen nicht hinweggehen. Aber es ist unmöglich, aus einem Spezialwissen heraus einen Gesamtstandpunkt über die Welt zu erhalten. Auch der Arzt muß als Persönlichkeit etwas von den höheren Welten wissen. Er wird dann seine Arbeit ganz anders einrichten, als ein solcher, der nichts von den großen Zusammenhängen weiß. Dann wird man auch die Symptome anders werten. Eine einzelne Beobachtung oder ein Erlebnis wird man vielleicht für etwas ganz Geringfügiges halten, wenn sich das aus einem Überblick über das Ganze ergibt. Wie jeder, der an der Kultur arbeitet, bestimmte Voraussetzungen mit sich bringen muß, so wird die Zukunft auch geisteswissenschaftlich gebildete Ärzte verlangen. Nicht nur um das empirische Vermögen handelt es sich, sondern noch um etwas ganz anderes. Als Beispiel sei hier Hahnemann, der Begründer der Homöopathie angeführt. Zwischen Paracelsus und Hahnemann besteht ein großer Unterschied. Der Arzt des 16. Jahrhunderts war noch bis zu einem gewissen Grade hellsehend. Das war damals noch eine weitverbreitete Eigenschaft. Hahnemann war das nicht mehr. Er konnte nur die Wirkung der Heilmittel durch die Sinneserfahrung erproben.
Für die hier gemeinte Beziehung des Menschen zu Wesen und Gegenständen der Natur gibt es ein Analogon, nämlich das Verhältnis der Geschlechter zueinander, das vorzugsweise durch Sympathie bestimmt wird. Es ist ein geheimnisvoller Zug, der die Geschlechter zueinander drängt, eine Kraft, die innerhalb des Lebendigen wirkt. Es ist nicht als irgend etwas Mystisches im schlechten Sinne des Wortes aufzufassen, daß sich der eine Mann zu dem einen Weibe hingezogen fühlt. Wer sich zum okkulten Weltbetrachter ausbildet, hat ein ähnliches Verhältnis zu allen lebenden Dingen um sich herum, das ein universales genannt werden kann. So wie es ein spezifisches Verhältnis zwischen dem einen Mann und dem einen Weibe gibt, so gibt es ein spezifisches Verhältnis zwischen einem solchen Menschen und den Phänomenen seiner Umgebung. Wer diese Kräfte in sich ausgebildet hat, erlangt das Wissen, das ihn erkennen läßt, welches Verhältnis ein bestimmtes Ding zum Menschen hat. Daraus ergibt sich auch eine Erkenntnis der Wirkung der Heilkräfte.
Paracelsus brauchte nicht erst zu probieren, ebensowenig wie der Magnet zu probieren braucht, der das Eisen anzieht. Er konnte sagen, daß im Roten Fingerhut diese oder jene Heilkraft wohnt. Ein solches Wissen wird erst dann wiederkommen, wenn der Arzt erkennen wird, daß es nicht nur auf den intellektuellen Verstand, sondern auf die innere Lebenshaltung ankommt; wenn er weiß, daß er selbst ein ganz anderer Mensch werden muß. Wenn er Temperament, Charakter, die ganze Anlage seiner Seele umgewandelt hat, dann kann er erst jene Schau- und Erkenntniskraft gegenüber den Kräften der Welt entfalten, welche den Menschen harmonisieren. Das wird in gar nicht so ferner Zukunft möglich sein. Die geisteswissenschaftliche Weltanschauung hat vor allem gewisse Prinzipien anzugeben, und einige davon sollen sich an diese allgemeine Betrachtung anschließen. Wer will, kann daran viel gewinnen.
Vier Momente kommen dabei in Betracht. Das erste ist, daß ein gewisser Zusammenhang besteht zwischen dem, was man Verdauung, und dem, was man Denktätigkeit nennt. Mit anderen Worten: was die Verdauung auf einem niederen Gebiete ist, das ist die Denktätigkeit auf einem höheren Gebiete. Beide stehen im Organismus des Menschen, so wie er sich auf dem physischen Plane darlebt, in einem innigen Kontakt. Etwas Konkretes über diesen Kontakt soll jetzt angeführt werden. Zur Denktätigkeit gehört es, daß man logisch folgern kann, das richtige Folgern des einen Begriffes aus einem anderen. Dieses Folgern innerhalb der Gedankentätigkeit ist etwas ganz Bestimmtes. Man kann gewisse Übungen machen, um diese Denktätigkeit in ein bestimmtes Gleis zu bringen. Dasselbe, was Sie in dieser Denktätigkeit seelisch bewirken, wenn Sie solche logischen Übungen ausführen, bewirkt in der Verdauung eine bestimmte Substanz, und zwar der Kaffee. Das ist keine phantastische Annahme, sondern man kann diese Tatsache belegen. Was Sie dem Magen mit dem Kaffee antun, das bewirken Sie beim Denken, wenn Sie praktische logische Übungen machen. Wenn Sie Kaffee trinken, fördern Sie in einer gewissen Weise die logische Folgerichtigkeit im Denken. Und wenn man sagt, der Genuß des Kaffees bedeute eine Steigerung derjenigen Tätigkeit, die für die Stärkung des Denkens erforderlich sei, so ist das wohl zutreffend. Aber der Kaffee fördert eben nur auf eine unselbständige Weise das folgerichtige Denken: er wirkt wie durch einen Zwang. Sie fühlen in sich eine gewisse Unselbständigkeit, etwas wie eine Wirkung von außen. Will der Mensch folgerichtig denken, dabei aber unselbständig bleiben, so mag er viel Kaffee trinken. Wenn er aber die Denktätigkeit selbständig vollziehen will, dann muß er sich gerade von den Dingen freimachen, die auf das Untere wirken; er muß die Kräfte in sich ausbilden, die von der Seele ausgehen. Dann wird er auch die Erfahrung machen, daß nach entsprechenden Übungen auch der Magen wieder in Ordnung kommt oder in Ordnung bleibt.
Eine andere Sache: Der geordneten Denktätigkeit gegenüber steht dasjenige Denken, das nicht bei einem Gedanken stehenbleiben kann, das haltlose Denken. Es wirkt zerstreuend und ist durch eine Art bestimmt, die nicht einen Gedanken mit dem anderen zusammenhalten kann. Auch dieses Denken hat sein Korrelat in der Wirkung eines bestimmten Stoffes auf die Verdauung, und dieser ist im Tee enthalten. Der Tee wirkt in der Tat im Unteren wieder so, wie das alle Gedankenflüchtigkeit Bewirkende im Oberen. Daraus können Sie entnehmen, daß gewisse schädliche Wirkungen des Tees unter Umständen recht verheerend sein können. Glauben Sie aber nicht, daß jemand, der sein ganzes Leben hindurch Tee trinkt, schließlich innerlich ganz zerrissen sein müßte. Wenn er durch den Tee nicht in einer derartigen Weise nachteilig beeinflußt wird, ist das nur ein Beweis, daß sein Organismus genügend Widerstandskraft besitzt.
Ebenso wie die Verdauung der Denktätigkeit entspricht, so entspricht die Herz- und Bluttätigkeit dem Willens- und Begierdenleben; so daß alles, was durch gewisse Stoffe, durch gewisse Arten von Ernährungsmitteln als Wirkung auf das Blut ausgeübt wird, eine Entsprechung in der Willenstätigkeit bewirkt. Das ist besonders zu beobachten, wenn man auf das Umgekehrte sieht. Heute hören Sie vielfach, es sei ein längst überwundener Standpunkt, daß man jemanden durch Gedanken heilen könne; daß zum Beispiel eine Person, die von religiösem Wahnsinn oder auch von Verfolgungswahn befallen ist, nicht durch entsprechende entgegengesetzte Gedanken geheilt werden könne. Was da äußerlich zum Ausdruck kommt, ist nämlich nur ein Symptom, und wenn man dieses äußere Symptom beseitigen könnte, so würde die Krankheit sich auf ein anderes Organ legen und in neuer Gestalt wieder hervortreten. Was die materialistische Heilkunde erforscht hat, weiß der Okkultismus längst. Und nie würde es einem Okkultisten einfallen, eine Wahnvorstellung durch eine Gegenvorstellung heilen zu wollen. Etwas anderes ist es aber, wenn durch die Mittel des Okkultismus viel tiefer eingegriffen wird, nämlich auf das, was als eigentliche Ursache zugrundeliegt. Nehmen Sie einmal an, ein Mensch wäre in der Willens- und Begierdensphäre erkrankt, dann liegt das an gewissen Störungen bestimmter Organe. Dabei kommt nicht nur das Herz in Betracht, sondern manches andere, was damit zusammenhängt. Dann wird der materialistische Arzt sagen: Was sich da kundgibt, kann ich nicht dadurch heilen, daß ich dem Kranken richtige Vorstellungen beibringe. Aber Sie müssen sich eines vorhalten: Im Organismus hat man nicht nur zwei Dinge zu unterscheiden, nicht nur die materielle Grundlage und das, was sich dadurch auslebt; es gibt noch ein drittes Element, das der Okkultist kennt. Wohl steht hinter der unmittelbaren Seelentätigkeit auf dem physischen Plan, also hinter dem, was sich durch Willensimpulse äußert, in der Tat eine organische Tätigkeit. Aber hinter dieser organischen Tätigkeit existiert das dritte: Das Organ ist aufgebaut vom Geiste, es ist aus einem Geistigen entstanden. Und auf dieses Geistige, das hinter dem Organ als dessen Erzeuger vorhanden ist, muß gesehen werden. Wenn Sie beispielsweise einem religiös Wahnsinnigen eine richtige Vorstellung beibringen wollen, haben Sie damit gar nichts getan. Wenn Sie aber so auf ihn einwirken, daß Sie den Erzeuger der Organtätigkeit treffen — und das ist der Ätherleib -, dann können Sie etwas bei ihm bewirken, nicht durch Vorstellungen, sondern indem Sie etwas tun, was scheinbar in gar keinem Zusammenhang mit dem Vorstellungsleben steht.
Um das zu begreifen, gehen wir einmal von dem Begriff einer religiösen Wahrheit aus. Sie können der Vorstellung der religiösen Wahrheit so gegenübertreten, daß Sie dieselbe begreifen. Dann ist für den Verstand das Nötige getan. Aber wenn Sie noch so viele Vorstellungen einsehen, sie sind für Ihr organisches Leben — das Leben für den Ätherleib wie für den physischen Leib — absolut unwirksam. Deshalb ist es auch unwirksam, wenn Sie einem Kranken durch Überzeugung richtige Vorstellungen beibringen wollen, denn auf seine Willenstätigkeit hat das gar keinen Einfluß. Denken Sie sich aber diese Wahrheit nicht bloß verstandesmäßig wirksam, sondern sagen Sie dem Menschen: Du mußt das nicht nur einmal begreifen, sondern du mußt diese Vorstellungen jeden Tag von neuem auf dich wirken lassen; das muß sich Tag für Tag rhythmisch wiederholen, muß von ganz bestimmten Gefühlen und Bildern begleitet sein. Es einmal zu tun, hat nichts zur Folge. Geschieht es aber eine längere Zeit hindurch regelmäßig, dann wirkt es bis in die organische Konstitution hinein. Das ist das, was man Konzentration und Meditation nennt. Also durch eine Stunde wirkt man nicht auf den Menschen. Wenn Sie ihm aber Anweisungen geben und er sie viele Wochen hindurch täglich ausführt, dann wirken Sie schon ein wenig auf den Menschen, denn Sie erreichen das, was hinter dem Organ als dessen Erbauer steht. Der Okkultismus befindet sich auf keinem anderen Boden als die wissenschaftliche Heilweise, aber er weiß viel mehr. Heute kann man diese Vorstellungen freilich noch nicht öffentlich verkünden.
Im weitesten Umfang hängt die Atmungstätigkeit mit dem Gefühls- und Sinnesleben zusammen. Aus diesem Ursprung heraus können Sie wieder über viele Dinge Aufschluß erhalten, wenn Sie sich klar werden, was alles mit der Atmungstätigkeit zusammenhängt und wie dadurch das Gefühls- und Sinnesleben beeinflußt werden kann. Die Atmungstätigkeit setzt voraus, daß dem Blut genügend Sauerstoff zugeführt wird und daß die organischen Stoffe dadurch erhalten werden. Ein Mensch, der an geistigen Dingen Freude hat, der einen geistigen Inhalt besitzt, der ihm eine frohe Stimmung vermittelt und der dauernd auf ihn wirkt, ein solcher Mensch beeinflußt seine Organe vom Geiste her gesundend.
Wenn wir nun noch einmal auf Verdauung und Denktätigkeit zurückkommen, so werden wir finden, daß insbesondere auf diesem Gebiet viel zu tun ist. Man sollte sich darüber klar sein, daß die Menschheit immer mehr zu einer bewußten Ernährungsweise übergehen muß. Wer heute auf diesem Gebiet Erkenntnisse sammelt, begeht freilich oft noch einen bestimmten Fehler. Dieser besteht darin: Der Mensch will zuviel von dem lernen, was er «Natur» nennt; er will ganz und gar nur der Natur folgen. Paracelsus sagt demgegenüber: Man soll nicht ein Knecht der Natur sein. Zwar soll der Arzt durch der Natur Examen gehen, aber er muß ein Künstler sein, er muß die Natur fortsetzen. - Und die wirklichen Heilmittel sieht Paracelsus nicht in dem, was man der Natur unmittelbar entnimmt, sondern in Neuprodukten, die aus dem Geiste der Natur heraus geschaffen werden. So erwartet Paracelsus eine Epoche der Medizin, welche derartige Neuprodukte als eigentlich wirksame Heilmittel verwendet. Um eine Fortsetzung der Natur auf diesem Gebiete handelt es sich einzig und allein.
Wenn heutzutage die Leute begründen wollen, warum eine gemischte Kost für den Menschen das Richtige sein soll, dann pflegen sie zu argumentieren: Pflanzenfresser seien die Wiederkäuer, diese hätten einen besonders veranlagten Magen und entsprechende Verdauungswerkzeuge. Fleischfresser seien die Raubtiere, deren Verdauungswerkzeuge und deren Gebiß auf den Fleischgenuß ausgerichtet seien. Des Menschen Zähne und Verdauungswerkzeuge seien nun ein Mittelding zwischen denen der Wiederkäuer und denen der Raubtiere. Deshalb weise die Natur selbst den Menschen auf eine gemischte Kost hin. — Aber alles in der Welt ist ja gerade im Fluß, im Werden und Wachsen. Nicht wie der Mensch heute ausschaut, sondern wie er anders werden kann, darum handelt es sich. Wird der Mensch zur Pflanzennahrung übergehen, so werden die Organe zurückgehen, die mehr der Fleischnahrung entsprechen, und es werden die Organe ausgebildet werden, die für die Pflanzennahrung notwendig sind. Man muß in Betracht ziehen, wie es einmal war und wie es in der Zukunft werden kann. Man gibt daher dem Menschen nicht die richtige Nahrung, wenn man sie auf seinen gegenwärtigen Status abstellt, sondern erst dann, wenn man seinen inneren Werdegang ins Auge faßt. Durch Statistiken und äußere Tatsachen erfassen Sie nur den äußeren Status, Sie erfassen aber nicht die Richtung, in der sich der Mensch bewegen muß. Man muß die Welt auch ein wenig im großen betrachten.
Fassen Sie einmal den Nationalcharakter des russischen Bauern, wie er heute ist, und den des Engländers ins Auge. Der russische Bauer wird das Ich so wenig wie möglich betonen. Bei dem Engländer ist das Gegenteil der Fall. Das findet schon einen rein äußerlichen Ausdruck in der Schreibweise. Der Engländer schreibt das Ich groß. Geht man diesem Sachverhalt weiter nach, so findet man, daß in England fünfmal so viel Zucker konsumiert wird als in Rußland. Hier zeigt sich also wiederum die gegenseitige Entsprechung von Verdauungstätigkeit und Denktätigkeit. Der Vorgang, welcher in der Verdauung durch Zuführung einer größeren Menge von Zucker bewirkt wird, hat im oberen Menschen sein Korrelat in einer stärkeren Selbständigkeit der Denkfunktion.
Nun werden Sie sich denken können, daß man in diese Verhältnisse gegebenenfalls auch korrigierend eingreifen kann. Ein Mensch kann seine Ernährung so einrichten, daß er nur kurze Zeit zum Verdauen braucht, während ein anderer vielleicht lange Zeit damit zubringt. Das läßt uns wieder tief in den menschlichen Organismus hineinschauen. Wenn nämlich der eine Mensch Reis ißt und schnell mit seiner Verdauung fertig ist, dann bleiben gewisse Kräfte übrig, die ihm alsdann für seine Denktätigkeit zur Verfügung stehen. Ein anderer Mensch, der zum Beispiel Wildente ißt und entsprechend längere Zeit zur Verdauung braucht, kann durchaus klug sein; aber wenn er Gedanken produziert, denkt in Wirklichkeit sein Bauch. Der eine kann ein schwacher Denker sein, aber selbständig denken, der andere ein starker Denker, aber unselbständig denken. Daraus können Sie wiederum eine Lehre ziehen.
Um noch etwas anderes zu berühren: Die denkbar größte Sorgfalt muß darauf gerichtet sein, daß dem Körper nicht zuviel und nicht zuwenig Eiweißstoffe zugeführt werden. Da muß unbedingt das richtige Maß gefunden werden. Denn innerhalb der Verdauung entsprechen die Eiweißstoffe demjenigen, was in der Denktätigkeit bei der Erzeugung von Vorstellungen vor sich geht. Dieselbe Tätigkeit, welche die Fruchtbarkeit des Denkens bewirkt, wird im unteren Organismus durch die Eiweißstoffe hervorgerufen. Werden diese dem Menschen nicht in ausgewogener Menge zugeführt, dann erzeugen sie einen Überschuß von solchen Kräften, die in der unteren Leibestätigkeit dem entsprechen, was in der oberen die Vorstellung bildet. Nun soll aber der Mensch immer mehr Herr seiner Vorstellungen werden. Darum soll die Zufuhr von Eiweißstoffen in gewissen Grenzen bleiben, sonst wird er von einer Vorstellungstätigkeit überwältigt, von welcher er gerade frei werden sollte. Das hatte Pythagoras im Sinne, wenn er seinen Schülern die Lehre gab: Enthaltet euch der Bohnen!
Freilich kommen dann Leute und sagen: Seht euch den Reisesser an! Das ist ein schwacher Denker. — Ja, dann ist eben ein solcher Mensch bei seinem Reis noch nicht entwickelt, aber es handelt sich nicht darum, daß man nur die Regeln kennt und meint, jeder brauche sie nur auszuführen. Wenn das Untere zum Oberen nicht stimmt, wird man auch dadurch Unheil anrichten können. Nehmen Sie einen Menschen, der sich vor kurzem dem Vegetarismus zugewandt hat. Dann verläuft bei diesem neuen Vegetarier die Tätigkeit im Unteren in einer ganz bestimmten Weise. Gewisse Kräfte wandeln sich von materiellen in geistige um. Werden sie aber nicht verwendet, so wirken sie nachteilig und können sogar die Gehirntätigkeit beeinträchtigen. Wer sich nicht anders beschäftigt als etwa ein Bankier oder ein gewöhnlicher Stubengelehrter, kann sich dabei sehr schädigen, falls er nicht spirituelle Vorstellungen aufnimmt durch jene Kräfte, die durch seine vegetarische Lebensweise aufgespart werden. So muß der Vegetarier auch zugleich zu einem spirituellen Leben übergehen, sonst soll er lieber Fleischesser bleiben, sein Gedächtnis könnte Störungen erleiden, gewisse Gehirnpartien könnten geschädigt werden und so weiter. Es genügt nicht, sich von Früchten zu ernähren, damit einem die höchsten Gebiete des geistigen Lebens erschlossen werden.
Eine andere Entsprechung im Organismus ist folgende. Der Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit entspricht im oberen Organismus das sogenannte Visionäre, also in gewisser Weise auch die imaginative Seelentätigkeit. Darum wurde von manchen Orden eine gewisse Askese verlangt, doch liegt darin zugleich eine Quelle von ungeheuren Gefahren. Diese können nur durch ein reines inneres Leben abgewendet werden, durch ein festes Vertrauen in die eigene Individualität und durch das Vermögen, in allen Lebenslagen immer gefaßt zu bleiben. Gibt man sich keinen Affekten und keinen äußeren Einwirkungen hin, so steht man sicher auf diesem Gebiete und wird schädliche Einwirkungen abwenden können.
Bei der weißen Magie kommt nicht nur ein reines, sondern auch ein starkes und sicheres Leben in Frage, eine feste Beherrschung des inneren Lebens, die Fähigkeit, in allen Situationen die Fassung zu bewahren. Besitzen Sie auf der einen Seite wirklich so viel Selbstbeherrschung, daß nichts Sie verblüffen kann, stehen Sie innerlich sicher begründet da, dann werden Sie auch Abstürze leichter überwinden können.
Eine neue Ära kann beginnen, wenn man sich entschließen wird, in allen diesen Dingen die theosophische Weisheit zur Richtschnur zu nehmen. Man wird in der Zukunft beispielsweise studieren müssen, wie man gewisse Kräfte, welche der Organismus hergibt, planvoll umwandeln kann in solche, die für die geistige Erkenntnis verwendet werden können. Im Laboratorium wird einmal ein Stoff produziert werden, der höherwertig sein wird als die Milch. Heute wäre es schon durchaus möglich, ein Nahrungsmittellaboratorium zu begründen und dadurch auch Einfluß auf die Ernährung der Völker zu gewinnen. Aber die Zeit wird kommen, da Schüler der Geisteswissenschaft chemisch arbeiten werden im Einklang mit der werdenden Natur, nicht mit der gewordenen Natur. Goethe sagt in diesem Sinne:
«Werdend betrachte sie nun, wie nach und nach sich die Pflanze,
Stufenweise geführt, bildet zu Blüten und Frucht.»
Nehmen Sie diese wenigen Gesichtspunkte hin, die aus einem weiten Gebiet herausgenommen sind, und betrachten Sie sie so, daß man sie ausbauen muß. Dann werden Sie schon sehen, wie Sie aus diesen Dingen geistige Nahrung herausziehen können und welche praktische Bedeutung sie für Sie zu gewinnen vermögen.
Nutritional issues and healing methods
Today, from a spiritual scientific point of view, we will discuss something that can be of great value if understood correctly. We will outline some perspectives on nutrition and healing methods. However, even more than in any other discussion, you must bear in mind that this is only a selection of very aphoristic details from an infinitely broad field and that it is very difficult to speak about it today in a language that is generally understandable. It is therefore only possible to speak about it in general terms, because in such a broad circle one is not dealing with a group of initiates who would be able to truly perceive the truth value of every word.In occult schools, whose members are already at a higher level, it is possible to agree on a very specific form of expression, so that a certain word expresses a corresponding emotional impulse. All such things, as they can be indicated today, often have a different meaning in ordinary life. But an attempt should be made to talk about such questions even today, as they also have practical value. Of course, those who do not believe that the effects produced by causes in the spiritual world are much stronger than the effects of the outer physical world will not gain much from this. Many will admit in theory that what must be called spirit, which exerts a powerful influence on the world, contains forces similar to those found in electricity, magnetism, and so on. But this will only become of real significance when everyone develops a deeper feeling and understanding for it. Spiritual science is in many ways at odds with today's cultural life. Above all, it is misunderstood both by those who want to continue living conservatively in the old ways and by the numerous people who want to be active in various areas of life through reforms. All these different groups of people approach spiritual science and find it self-evident that it is not they who come to spiritual science, but spiritual science that comes to them. It may well be easy to understand that, for example, a radical animal rights activist does not make his energies and experience available to the spiritual science movement, but becomes angry when not all theosophists immediately join the animal rights movement. You can see this in all kinds of specialized fields. This is also quite natural. But since the theosophical movement is universal, it relates to the various individual movements like an architect's plan to what the carpenters, masons, craftsmen, and so on have to do to build the house. The latter are individual workers. But the person who manages the entire construction must require the workers to come to him so that they can receive their specific instructions from him. Therefore, spiritual science cannot agree when other movements, homeopaths, anti-alcoholics, and others demand that spiritual science come to them, but all the special fields must integrate themselves into the spiritual science movement, which must strive for a fundamental reform in all areas of life, but from within.
In particular, the position of theosophy in relation to science is very easily misunderstood. It is not only scientists who believe that theosophy is their enemy and wants nothing to do with science. Some friends of theosophy also hold this view. In particular, the scientifically trained physician who works according to official requirements will easily come to the prejudice that theosophy does not work with scientific methods and therefore does not go hand in hand with science. And yet this is not the case.
Today, you hear many people using buzzwords upon buzzwords. In a certain sense, it is entirely justified that there are specialists. It is not the representatives of the specialist fields, but above all their followers who use such buzzwords. I would like to start with one of these buzzwords. One often hears that the public is downright hypnotized when the term “poison” is used. It seems very plausible when people say: Poison must not enter the body! — People then like to talk about “natural medicine.” But what do we actually mean by nature? And what do we mean by poison? Nature also includes the effect that belladonna poison has on the human organism, because it is a purely natural effect. Nature naturally includes all effects that are subject to the laws of nature. And what is a poison? Water is a powerful poison if a person consumes it by the bucketful, because it then has a highly destructive effect. And arsenic is a very good thing if you use it in certain combinations. That is why a truly intimate study of the human organism and the things in nature outside is necessary.
Paracelsus himself pointed out in his striking language how certain processes in the human body are related to those in the external world, such as cholera and arsenic. That is why he also called a cholera patient an arsenicus, because he knew that the same factors are at work in arsenic and cholera, and because he also recognized how things harmonize with each other. We are dealing here with a natural process that must first be understood.
Another obstacle to understanding science is the materialistic way of thinking, which has cast all the issues at stake here in a distorted light. Remember what has been said about the effects of certain metals on the human organism. Now, someone might claim that spiritual science is pure materialism when it explains that the forces in minerals and metals have material effects on the human organism. But spiritual science also knows that the material world has a certain relationship to the spirit. Anyone who truly holds a spiritual worldview has recognized that such substances are not mere matter, but that spirit and soul live in them just as they do in a being surrounded by skin. In this sense, the theosophist speaks of the spirit embodied in gold, quartz, arsenic, or the poison of belladonna. For the occultist, the world is full of spiritual beings. The spirituality embodied in lead has the relationship to the human organism that you heard about yesterday. For theosophists, it is not a matter of seeking out strange spiritual beings that have nothing to do with our world, but rather those that are contained in every piece of metal, as indeed in everything that surrounds us. In this way, the spiritual scientific worldview imbues matter with spirit. Spiritual analogies are something that are based on real spiritual research.
This is not about opposition to specialist science. Specialization is necessary, and one must not ignore external facts. But it is impossible to obtain a comprehensive view of the world from specialist knowledge alone. Even doctors, as individuals, must know something about the higher worlds. They will then organize their work quite differently from those who know nothing about the greater context. Symptoms will then also be evaluated differently. A single observation or experience may be considered insignificant if it results from an overview of the whole. Just as everyone who works in culture must meet certain requirements, the future will also demand doctors who are educated in the humanities. It is not only a question of empirical ability, but of something else entirely. Hahnemann, the founder of homeopathy, is a good example of this. There is a big difference between Paracelsus and Hahnemann. The 16th-century physician was still clairvoyant to a certain extent. At that time, this was still a widespread characteristic. Hahnemann was no longer clairvoyant. He could only test the effects of remedies through sensory experience.
There is an analogy for the relationship between humans and beings and objects in nature referred to here, namely the relationship between the sexes, which is primarily determined by sympathy. It is a mysterious force that draws the sexes to each other, a power that works within living beings. The fact that one man is attracted to one woman should not be understood as something mystical in the negative sense of the word. Those who train themselves to be occult observers of the world have a similar relationship to all living things around them, which can be called universal. Just as there is a specific relationship between one man and one woman, there is a specific relationship between such a person and the phenomena of their environment. Those who have developed these powers within themselves gain the knowledge that allows them to recognize the relationship between a particular thing and human beings. This also leads to an understanding of the effect of healing powers.
Paracelsus did not need to try it out, any more than a magnet needs to try out its ability to attract iron. He could say that this or that healing power resides in red foxglove. Such knowledge will only return when doctors recognize that it is not only intellectual understanding that matters, but also their inner attitude to life; when they know that they themselves must become completely different people. Only when they have transformed their temperament, character, and the whole disposition of their soul will they be able to develop that power of insight and recognition of the forces of the world that harmonize human beings. This will be possible in the not-too-distant future. The spiritual-scientific worldview has certain principles to offer, and some of these should be added to this general consideration. Those who wish to do so can gain much from them.
Four points should be considered here. The first is that there is a certain connection between what we call digestion and what we call thinking. In other words, what digestion is on a lower level, thinking is on a higher level. Both are in close contact in the human organism as it lives on the physical plane. Something concrete about this contact will now be mentioned. Part of thinking is the ability to draw logical conclusions, to correctly deduce one concept from another. This deduction within the activity of thought is something very specific. Certain exercises can be done to steer this thinking activity in a certain direction. The same effect that you achieve in your thinking when you perform such logical exercises is achieved in your digestion by a certain substance, namely coffee. This is not a fantastical assumption, but a fact that can be proven. What you do to your stomach with coffee is what you achieve in your thinking when you perform practical logical exercises. When you drink coffee, you promote logical consistency in your thinking in a certain way. And when people say that drinking coffee increases the activity necessary to strengthen thinking, that is probably true. But coffee only promotes consistent thinking in a dependent way: it acts as a compulsion. You feel a certain dependence within yourself, something like an external influence. If a person wants to think logically but remain dependent, they may drink a lot of coffee. But if they want to think independently, they must free themselves from the things that affect the lower self; they must develop the forces within themselves that emanate from the soul. Then they will also experience that, after appropriate exercises, their stomach will also return to normal or remain normal.
Another thing: Opposite to orderly thinking is thinking that cannot remain with one thought, unfocused thinking. It has a distracting effect and is characterized by an inability to hold one thought together with another. This type of thinking also has its counterpart in the effect of a certain substance on digestion, and this substance is contained in tea. Tea actually has the same effect on the lower part of the body as that which causes all thoughts to flee from the upper part. From this you can see that certain harmful effects of tea can be quite devastating under certain circumstances. But do not believe that someone who drinks tea throughout their entire life must ultimately be completely torn apart inside. If they are not adversely affected by tea in this way, it is only proof that their organism has sufficient resistance.
Just as digestion corresponds to mental activity, so heart and blood activity correspond to the life of the will and desires; so that everything that is exerted on the blood by certain substances, by certain types of food, has a corresponding effect on the activity of the will. This can be observed particularly when one looks at the reverse. Today, you often hear that it is a long-outdated view that someone can be healed through thoughts; that, for example, a person afflicted with religious mania or even paranoia cannot be healed by corresponding opposite thoughts. What is expressed externally is only a symptom, and if this external symptom could be eliminated, the disease would move to another organ and reappear in a new form. What materialistic medicine has researched, occultism has long known. And it would never occur to an occultist to try to heal a delusion with a counter-delusion. However, it is quite another matter when occultism intervenes much more deeply, namely at the root cause. Suppose a person has fallen ill in the sphere of will and desire; this is due to certain disturbances in specific organs. Not only the heart is involved here, but many other things that are connected with it. Then the materialistic doctor will say: I cannot heal what is manifesting itself by teaching the patient the right ideas. But you must bear one thing in mind: in the organism, there are not only two things to distinguish between, not only the material basis and what is expressed through it; there is a third element that the occultist knows about. Behind the immediate activity of the soul on the physical plane, that is, behind what is expressed through impulses of the will, there is indeed an organic activity. But behind this organic activity there is a third element: the organ is built up by the spirit; it has arisen from something spiritual. And we must look at this spiritual element that is present behind the organ as its creator. If, for example, you want to teach a religious fanatic a correct idea, you have achieved nothing. But if you influence him in such a way that you affect the creator of the organ's activity — and that is the etheric body — then you can have an effect on him, not through ideas, but by doing something that appears to have no connection with the life of ideas.
To understand this, let us start from the concept of religious truth. You can approach the idea of religious truth in such a way that you understand it. Then the necessary work has been done for the intellect. But no matter how many ideas you understand, they are absolutely ineffective for your organic life — the life of the etheric body as well as the physical body. That is why it is also ineffective if you want to teach a sick person the right ideas through persuasion, because this has no influence on their will. But don't just think of this truth as effective in an intellectual sense; tell the person: You must not only understand this once, but you must allow these ideas to work on you anew every day; this must be repeated rhythmically day after day, accompanied by very specific feelings and images. Doing it once has no effect. But if it is done regularly over a longer period of time, it will have an effect on the organic constitution. This is what is called concentration and meditation. So you cannot influence people in an hour. But if you give them instructions and they carry them out every day for many weeks, then you will have a small effect on them, because you will reach what lies behind the organ as its builder. Occultism is based on nothing other than scientific healing methods, but it knows much more. Today, of course, these ideas cannot yet be proclaimed publicly.
To a large extent, breathing is connected with the life of the feelings and senses. From this source, you can gain insight into many things if you become clear about everything that is connected with breathing and how it can influence the life of the feelings and senses. Respiratory activity requires that sufficient oxygen be supplied to the blood and that the organic substances be maintained as a result. A person who enjoys spiritual things, who has spiritual content that gives them a joyful mood and has a lasting effect on them, such a person influences their organs in a healing way from the spirit.
If we now return to digestion and thinking, we will find that there is much to be done in this area in particular. It should be clear that humanity must increasingly move toward a conscious approach to nutrition. Those who gather knowledge in this field today often still make a certain mistake. This mistake is that people want to learn too much from what they call “nature”; they want to follow nature completely. Paracelsus, on the other hand, says that we should not be servants of nature. Although doctors should study nature, they must also be artists; they must continue nature's work. Paracelsus does not see the real remedies in what is taken directly from nature, but in new products created from the spirit of nature. Paracelsus thus anticipates an era of medicine that uses such new products as truly effective remedies. It is solely a matter of continuing nature in this field.
Nowadays, when people want to justify why a mixed diet is right for humans, they tend to argue that herbivores are ruminants, which have a specially adapted stomach and corresponding digestive organs. Carnivores are predators, whose digestive organs and teeth are designed for eating meat. Human teeth and digestive organs are somewhere between those of ruminants and those of predators. Therefore, nature itself points humans toward a mixed diet. — But everything in the world is in flux, in a state of becoming and growing. It is not a question of what humans look like today, but of how they can change. If humans switch to a plant-based diet, the organs that are more suited to a meat-based diet will regress, and the organs necessary for a plant-based diet will develop. We must consider how things once were and how they may be in the future. Therefore, we do not give humans the right food if we base it on their current status, but only when we consider their inner development. Statistics and external facts only capture the external status, but they do not capture the direction in which humans must move. We must also look at the world from a broader perspective.
Consider the national character of the Russian peasant as it is today and that of the Englishman. The Russian peasant will emphasize the ego as little as possible. With the Englishman, the opposite is true. This finds expression in a purely external way in the spelling. The Englishman capitalizes the letter “I.” If one pursues this line of thought further, one finds that five times as much sugar is consumed in England as in Russia. Here, once again, we see the mutual correspondence between digestive activity and thinking activity. The process that is brought about in digestion by the intake of a larger amount of sugar has its correlate in the higher human being in a stronger independence of the thinking function.
Now you can imagine that it is possible to intervene in these circumstances in order to correct them. One person can arrange their diet so that they only need a short time to digest, while another may spend a long time doing so. This allows us to look deep into the human organism again. When one person eats rice and digests it quickly, certain energies remain that are then available for their thinking activity. Another person who eats wild duck, for example, and needs a correspondingly longer time to digest it, may well be intelligent, but when they produce thoughts, it is actually their stomach that is thinking. One person may be a weak thinker but think independently, while another may be a strong thinker but think independently. You can learn a lesson from this.
To touch on something else: the greatest possible care must be taken to ensure that the body is not supplied with too much or too little protein. It is essential to find the right balance. For within digestion, proteins correspond to what happens in the thinking activity when ideas are produced. The same activity that causes the fertility of thought is brought about in the lower organism by proteins. If these are not supplied to humans in balanced quantities, they produce an excess of forces that correspond in the lower bodily activity to what forms the idea in the upper body. However, humans should become more and more in control of their ideas. Therefore, the supply of proteins should remain within certain limits, otherwise they will be overwhelmed by an activity of imagination from which they should be free. This is what Pythagoras meant when he taught his students: Abstain from beans!
Of course, people then come and say: Look at the rice eater! He is a weak thinker. — Yes, such a person is not yet developed in his rice, but it is not a matter of just knowing the rules and thinking that everyone just needs to follow them. If the lower does not correspond to the higher, one can also cause harm. Take a person who has recently turned to vegetarianism. Then, in this new vegetarian, the activity in the lower proceeds in a very specific way. Certain forces are transformed from material to spiritual. But if they are not used, they have a detrimental effect and can even impair brain activity. Those who do nothing else but work as bankers or ordinary scholars can cause themselves great harm if they do not absorb spiritual ideas through the forces saved up by their vegetarian lifestyle. Thus, vegetarians must also transition to a spiritual life, otherwise they would be better off remaining meat eaters, as their memory could suffer disturbances, certain parts of the brain could be damaged, and so on. It is not enough to eat fruit in order to access the highest realms of spiritual life.
Another correspondence in the organism is as follows. The reproductive capacity corresponds in the higher organism to what is known as the visionary, i.e., in a certain sense also the imaginative activity of the soul. That is why some orders demanded a certain asceticism, but this is also a source of enormous dangers. These can only be averted by a pure inner life, by firm confidence in one's own individuality, and by the ability to remain composed in all situations. If one does not give in to emotions and external influences, one stands firm in this area and will be able to avert harmful influences.
White magic requires not only a pure life, but also a strong and secure life, a firm control of one's inner life, and the ability to remain composed in all situations. If, on the one hand, you really have so much self-control that nothing can surprise you, if you are inwardly secure, then you will also be able to overcome setbacks more easily.
A new era can begin if we decide to take theosophical wisdom as our guide in all these matters. In the future, for example, we will have to study how certain forces produced by the organism can be systematically transformed into forces that can be used for spiritual knowledge. One day, a substance will be produced in the laboratory that will be of higher value than milk. Today, it would already be quite possible to establish a food laboratory and thereby gain influence over the nutrition of the peoples. But the time will come when students of spiritual science will work chemically in harmony with nature as it is becoming, not with nature as it has become. Goethe says in this sense:
“Now observe how the plant gradually,
guided step by step, forms flowers and fruit.”
Take these few points of view, which are taken from a broad field, and consider them in such a way that they must be developed. Then you will see how you can draw spiritual nourishment from these things and what practical significance they can gain for you.