Original Impulses for the Science of the Spirit
GA 96
17 December 1906, Berlin
XIII. Signs and Symbols of the Christmas Festival
The Christmas festival which we are about to celebrate is given deep significance again and a new life in the spirit with the anthroposophical view of the world. Spiritually, the Christmas festival is a sun festival, and it is as a sun festival that we shall meet it today. To begin with, let us hear the most wonderful apostrophe81In rhetoric, a passage where the speaker specifically turns away from the main discourse and addresses a present or absent person or thing. addressed to the sun, words Goethe wrote for his Faust:
The throb of life returns, with pulses beating Soft to ethereal dawn. O steadfast earth,
True through the night, you waited for my greeting,
Breathing beneath my feet in glad new birth,
And, clothing me afresh in joy of living,
In high resolve that banishes misgiving,
You stir my soul to prove life’s utmost worth.—In gold of dawn the quickened world lies gleaming,
The forest is alive with myriad voices,
Through dell and vale the misty shapes are teeming,
But nature’s deepest heart in light rejoices;
Now burgeon, freshly quivering, frond and bough,
Sprung from the fragrant depth where they lay dreaming;
On flower and blade hang trembling pearls, and now Each colour stands out clear, in glad device,
And all the region is my Paradise.Look up on high!—The giant peaks that stand In joy of light above the mountain-brow,
Are heralds of the solemn hour at hand,
That brings the blessing down upon our land.
Already, down the soft eternal stair,
The shine has reached the lower Alpine sward,
Where clarity and brilliance are restored,
As downward, step by step, the light is poured—
The dazzling sun strides forth, and fills the air.
I turn, from greater power than eyes can bear.And thus it is, when hope with earnest striving Has toiled in aims as high as man may dare,
And so I turn, the sun upon my shoulders,
Fulfilment’s open gates give promise fair,
But from those everlasting depths comes driving,
A fiery blast that takes us unaware:
We thought to light life’s torch, but now, depriving Our highest hope, a sea of fire surrounds us.
Such fire! Of love? Or the fierce glow of hate?
The blend of joy and sorrow that confounds us Sends us to earth: to veil our troubled state,
For benefice of Spring we supplicate.
To watch the waterfall, with heart elate,
The cataract pouring, crashing from the boulders,
Split and rejoined a thousand times in spate;
The thunderous water seethes in fleecy spume,
Lifted on high in many a flying plume,
Above the spray-drenched air. And then how splendid To see the rainbow
rising from this rage,
Now clear, now dimmed, in cool sweet vapour blended.
So strive the figures on our mortal stage.
This ponder well, the mystery closer seeing;
In mirrored hues we have our life and being.82Goethe, J. W. Faust 2, Pleasing landscape. Faust speaking. Translated by Philip Wayne. London: Penguin Classics, Penguin Books Ltd 1959.
These are the tremendous words Goethe lets his representative of humanity utter as the sun rises in the morning. It is not this sun, however, awakening anew every morning, which we are considering in connection with the festival of which we want to speak today. We want to let the true nature of the sun influence us in a much deeper sense. And the reality of that sun shall be our lodestar today.
We shall now hear the words that reflect the most profound meaning of the Christmas mystery. These words sounded as the pupils listened in deep devotion in the mysteries of all ages, hearing them before they were permitted to enter into the mysteries themselves.
Behold the sun
At the midnight hour!
In the lifeless ground
Build thy rocky tower!So, when in depths thou mourn,
Find thou in death’s dark night
Creation’s pulse new-born With living morning light.The powers on high make known
In gloom thou livest—
The eternal word divine;
The deeps must guard their own—
Peace, in their sacred shrine.
Create anew a sun!
In matter weaves—
Know spirit-bliss begun!83Version as found in a notebook entry Rudolf Steiner made in 1906. Different versions appeared in later years. English version given here taken from Steiner R. Verses and Meditations. Translated by F. Melland. London; Rudolf Steiner Press 1979.
Many people who today know only the Christmas tree with its candles believe it to be an institution that has a long tradition. This is not the case, however. The Christmas tree is in fact a fairly recent European institution. Even the earliest Christmas tree was only just over a hundred years ago. But young as the tree may be, the Christmas festival is old indeed.
The Christmas festival was known and celebrated in all the mysteries of earliest times everywhere. It is not a mere sun feast but one that takes humanity to true perception or at least an idea of the wellsprings of existence. It was celebrated annually by the highest initiates in the mysteries at the time when the sun sent the least energy to the earth, gave the least warmth. It was also celebrated by those who could not yet take part in the whole of it, but knew only an outer reflection of the most sublime mysteries, a reflection in the form of images. And these secrets from the mysteries have survived through the ages and assumed a different garb among different peoples, depending on their beliefs. Christmas is the name given to the solemn night, this holy night celebrated in the great mysteries. These were occasions when the initiator would let the higher human being be resurrected in those who had been adequately prepared, or, to put it in present-day terms, when the living Christ was born in the inner human being.
People who do not know that spiritual principles are at work as well as chemical and physical principles, and that like chemical and physical principles these have their particular seasons in the cosmos, people like this are the only ones able to believe that it does not matter when the higher self is awakened. The essence of the great mysteries was that human beings lived through an event in which they were allowed to see the creative powers in the glory of colour, in bright light; were permitted to see the world around them filled with spiritual qualities, with many spirits; were permitted to see the world of spirits around them, and had the greatest experience a human being can have. One day this moment will come for all and everyone. All will know it, though perhaps only after many incarnations—but the time will come for all and everyone when the Christ will rise within them and new seeing, new hearing will awaken in them.
Mystery pupils who were being prepared for the awakening would first be taught what this awakening meant in the great universe. After this the final acts would come to bring awakening, and these acts were performed at the time when the darkness was greatest, when the sun was at its lowest in the outside world—at Christmas, for those who knew the true facts in the spirit knew that powers moved through cosmic space at this time that were helpful for such an awakening. During the preparation the pupils would be told that those who truly wished to know must know not only what had been happening on this globe through millennia but must also learn to have an overview of the whole of human evolution. They also had to know that the great festivals had been made part of the year and its seasons by leading spirits and that they must devote themselves to looking up to the great eternal truths.
The eye was guided to roam over millions of years. Look to the time, the pupils would be told, when our earth was not yet the way it is now, when there was no sun as yet, no moon, but the two were still one with the earth; when the earth was still one body with the sun and the moon. Human beings were there at that time, but they did not yet have a body. They were spiritual entities, and no light of the sun fell on those human souls and spirits from outside. The light of the sun was in the earth itself. It was not like the sunlight of today, which falls on creatures and objects from the outside. It was a light that had power of spirit in it, and shone forth at the same time in the inner life of every human being. Then came the time when the sun moved away from the earth. It separated from the earth and its light then fell on the earth from outside. The sun had withdrawn from the earth. Darkness had come to the inner human being.
This was where the human race began to evolve towards the future point in time when they would find the inner light shining again within them. Humanity had to gain knowledge of the things of this earth, using the outer senses. Human evolution tended towards the time when the higher human being, the spirit human being, would once again be aglow and alight within. From the light through the darkness to the light—that is the course of human evolution.
When the pupils had been prepared they would be guided towards awakening at the moment in time when as a chosen group they were to have an inner experience of something which the rest of humanity is only to experience in the distant future. Then they would see the light of the spirit with eyes that had been opened in the spirit. This solemn moment was to come when outer light was weakest, on the day when the sun shone least in the outside world. Then, on that day, the pupils of the mysteries would be brought together, and the inner light would open up for them.
Others who were not yet able to take part in this celebration were to have at least an outer image that would tell them: ‘You, too, shall one day know this great moment. Today you see an image. Later you shall experience the event you now see in the image.’
Those were the lesser mysteries. They would show a reflection of what the initiate would experience at a later time. Today we’ll share in the experience of what happened in the lesser mysteries around the midnight hour. It was the same everywhere—in the Egyptian mysteries, the Eleusinian mysteries, the mysteries of Asia Minor, in the Babylonian and Chaldean mysteries and also in those of Persian Mithra worship and the Indian Brahma mysteries. Everywhere the pupils of those mystery centres would have the same experience around the midnight hour of that solemn night.
They would gather in good time on the eve of the event. In quiet thought they had to gain insight into the significance of this, the most important event. They would sit in absolute silence, having gathered in the dark. When midnight approached they would have been sitting in the dark room for hours. Thoughts of eternity went through their inmost minds. Then, towards midnight, mysterious sounds would arise, flooding the room, growing louder and then softer again. Hearing these sounds the pupils would know it to be the music of the spheres. Profound, solemn devotion filled their hearts. Then a faint light would come from a dimly lit disk. Those who saw it would know that this disk represented the earth. The luminous disk would then grow darker and darker until finally it would be quite black. At the same time the room around them would grow progressively lighter. Those who saw it knew that the black disk was the earth. The sun, which otherwise shone through the earth had been obscured. The earth could no longer see the sun. Then halo upon halo would develop around the earth’s disk, in rainbow colours, going outwards. Those who saw this would know that it was the iris.84In Greek mythology, Iris was the messenger of the gods. In another set of notes it says: 'an image of St Iris'. And around midnight, a luminous reddish violet halo would arise in place of the black earth disk; a word was written on this. The word would be a different one, depending on the nations whose members were allowed to experience the mystery. In our present-day language it would be Christos.85The Greek ὁ Χριστός means ‘the anointed’, corresponding to the Hebrew ‘the Messias’. The ‘χρηστος’, Chrestos, used by Gnostics and Manicheans means 'the good one'; according to Marcion (early Christian Gnostic, c. 100–165 AD), the most sublime good god as distinct from the demiurgos, the creator god who was merely just. 'Chrestos' was introduced in the 3rd edition of the special German booklet Zeichen und Symbole des Weihnachtsfestes, for Rudolf Steiner used it in the lecture he gave on 14 December 1905 (in GA 54; English in Christmas). The context was a different one, however, and a further review of the original records shows that 'Chrestos' does not appear in any of the sets of notes available to us (Literary Estate Administration in Dornach). Those who saw it would know it to be the sun. It appeared to them in that midnight hour when the world all around was lying in profound darkness. The pupils would be told that they had now experienced something in images which in the mysteries was called ‘to see the sun around midnight’.
A true initiate truly learned to see the sun around the midnight hour, for the material principle in him had been extinguished. The sun of the spirit alone lived in him, its light shining out over all the darkness of matter.
This was the most blessed moment in human evolution when the human being found himself released from darkness and living in the light of eternity. It was shown as an image in the mysteries, year after year, around the midnight hour of that solemn night. The image showed that there is a sun of the spirit as well as the physical sun, and like the physical sun this must be born from deep darkness. To make it even clearer to them, the pupils were taken to a cave after their experience of the rising sun, the Christos. The cave appeared to contain nothing but rock—dead, lifeless matter. They would then see ears of corn arise from the stones, a sign of life, a symbolic picture of life arising from apparent death, life being born in dead mineral. They would then be told that just as the power of the sun will wax again from this day onward, the day when it appeared to have died, so new life was forever rising from life that was dying.
The same event is referred to in the words ‘He must wax but I must wane’ in the New Testament.86John 3: 30. John, herald of the coming Christ, of the light of the spirit when it is at its greatest height in the course of the year at midsummer, this John must wane, and as he wanes the power of the light that is coming waxes, growing more and more powerful as John wanes. Thus the new, the coming life is preparing in the seed which must perish and die so that the new plant may arise.
The inner feeling pupils were meant to develop was that life lies dormant in death, that new, magnificent flowers and fruit arose from death and putrefaction, that the earth was filled with the power to give birth. They had to come to believe that something happens in the inner earth at this time—the overcoming of death through life. When they were shown the conquering light they were shown the life that was present in death. They experienced this inwardly, they lived through this when they saw light arise and shine out in the darkness. They now saw sprouting life in the rock cave, life arising in glorious abundance from something that was seemingly dead.
That is how the pupils were trained to develop this belief in life, and belief in what may be called the greatest human ideal was made to grow in their hearts and minds. They learned to look up to this, the greatest human ideal, to the time when earth will have completed its evolution, when light will be radiant in the whole of humanity. The earth itself will then fall to dust, but its spiritual essence will remain, with all the human beings who have grown inwardly luminous through the light of the spirit. And earth and humanity shall awaken to a higher form of existence, a new stage of existence.
When Christianity arose in the course of evolution, this was its ideal in the highest possible sense. It was inwardly felt that the Christos, being the immortal spirit of the earth, was to appear as the foundation not only of all material, sprouting life, but also of spiritual rebirth, the great ideal of all humanity; that he was born around Christmas time, the time of greatest darkness, as a sign that a higher human being can be born out of the darkness of matter in the human soul. Before people came to speak of a Christos, they would speak of a sun hero in the earlier mysteries; he was seen to be connected with the same ideal as the Christos of Christianity. The individual connected with the ideal was called the sun hero. Just as the sun completes its cycle in the course of the year, as its light increases and decreases, just as its heat seems to be withdrawn from the earth and then radiates again, just as its death holds life, letting it stream forth once again, so the sun hero has become lord over death and night and darkness because of the power of his life in the spirit.
Seven degrees of initiation were known in the Persian Mithras mysteries. The first was the ‘raven’, someone able only to go as far as the portal of the temple of initiation. The ravens became mediators between the material life of the outside world and the spiritual life of the inner world; no longer belonging to the material world they were not yet part of the spiritual world. We find these ravens come up again and again, always playing the same role as messengers going to and fro between the two worlds and conveying knowledge between them. We also have them in our Norse and German myths and legends—Odin’s ravens and the ravens flying around the Kyffhäuser mountain. The second degree, that of the ‘occult person’, took the disciple from the portal into the inner initiation temple. There he matured until he reached the third degree, the ‘protagonist’ who would go out and make known to the world the occult truths he had experienced in the temple. The fourth degree, that of the ‘lion’, was gained when his consciousness was no longer limited to the individual but to a whole tribe. Hence the Christ was known as the ‘lion of Judah’. Someone whose consciousness extended even further, embracing a whole nation, would have reached the fifth degree. He would no longer have a name of his own but would bear the name of the nation. Thus people spoke of a ‘Persian’, or an ‘Israelite’. We can see why Nathanael87John 1:47. was called a ‘true Israelite’; it was because he had reached the fifth degree of initiation. The sixth degree was the ‘sun hero’, and we need to understand what this means. We shall then come to see that pupils in the mysteries would feel a shudder of veneration if they knew something about a sun hero and were able to share in the festival to celebrate the birth of a sun hero at Christmas.
Everything in the cosmos takes its rhythmic course. All the stars follow a great rhythm, as does the sun. If the sun were to abandon this rhythm for even a movement, if it were to leave its orbit for just a moment, this would cause a revolution of unheard-of importance in the whole of the universe. Rhythm governs the whole of nature, from lifeless nature all the way to the human being. We see it in the plant world—a violet, a lily flowering at the same season. Animals are on heat at given times in the year. This changes only in humans. Rhythm, active in powers of growth, reproduction and so on all the way up to the animal world, comes to a halt in human beings.
Humanity is meant to be embedded in freedom, and the more civilized people are the more is this rhythm on the decrease. Just as the light vanishes at Christmas time, so has rhythm apparently completely disappeared from human lives, and chaos prevails. But human beings are meant to bring this rhythm to birth from within and do so on their own initiative. They are meant to shape their lives of their own free will so that they run within rhythmic boundaries. Life’s events are meant to follow one another as firmly and securely as the sun’s orbit. And just as it is unthinkable that the sun’s orbit should ever change, so it should be unthinkable that the rhythm of such a life could be broken.
The sun hero was the embodiment of such a life rhythm. With the strength of the higher human being who had been born in him he gained the strength to govern the rhythm of his own biography. This sun hero was also the Christ Jesus for the first two centuries, and this is why the celebration of his birth was moved to the time when the birthday feast of the sun hero had been celebrated from time immemorial. Hence also everything connected with the life story of Christ Jesus, hence also the midnight mass, celebrated in caves by the early Christians in memory of the sun festival. At this mass, a sea of light shone out in the darkness of midnight in memory of the spirit sun that rose in the mysteries. Hence the story goes that Jesus was born in a stable, in memory of the rock cave out of which life was born in those ears of corn that were the symbol for life.
Just as life on earth was born out of dead rock, so was the highest—Christ Jesus—born out of the lowest. The legend of three priestly sages, the three kings from the east, was connected with his birth. They brought gold, the symbol of external power full of wisdom, myrrh, the symbol of life vanquishing death, and incense, symbol of the cosmic ether in which the spirit lives.
In the deeper meaning of the Christmas festival we can therefore sense echoes from man’s earliest times. And this has come down to us in the particular quality which Christianity has. Its symbols reflect the earliest symbols known to humanity. The tree with its candles is such a symbol. It is an image of the tree of paradise for us.88See 'Der Baum des Lebens und der Erkenntnis des Guten und des Bosen. Die Geheimnisse der Kunst' in GA 162. That tree represents the life-giving principle and the gaining of knowledge in paradise. Paradise itself is the whole, complete sphere of material nature. Spiritual nature is represented by the tree in the midst of it, the tree that encompasses knowledge and the tree of life. Knowledge can only be gained at the cost of life.
A story tells us the significance of the tree of knowledge and the tree of life. Seth stood before the gates of paradise and asked to come in. The cherub guarding the entrance let him enter. This is to indicate that Seth became an initiate. When Seth was in paradise he found that the tree of life and the tree of knowledge were firmly intertwined. The archangel Michael, he who stands before god, allowed him to take three seeds from the intertwined tree.
This tree prophesies the future of humanity. When the whole of humanity has gained insight and has been initiated, it will bear within it not only the tree of knowledge but also the other tree, that of life. Death will then be no more. For the time being, however, the initiate was only allowed to take three seeds, the three seeds that signify the higher principles of the human being.
When Adam died, Seth placed the three seeds in his mouth and a flaming tree grew on Adam’s grave. This had the property that new shoots and leaves would grow from any wood cut from it. In the bush’s circle of flame were written the words ehjeh asher ehjeh, meaning ‘I am the one who was, who is and who shall be’. This signifies the principle that goes through all incarnations, the power of man to renew himself, come into existence again and again, descending from the light into the darkness and ascending from the darkness into the light.
The rod Moses used to perform his miracles was cut from the wood of this bush. The gate of Solomon’s temple was made of it. Wood was taken from the bush and put into the pond at Bethesda and gave it the power of which the story tells. And the cross of Christ Jesus was made of this wood, the cross which shows life dying away, life perishing in death which nevertheless has the power in it to bring forth new life. Here we have before us the great symbol for the world—life that overcomes death. The wood of the cross had grown from the three seeds that came from paradise.
The same symbol—of the lower principle dying and the resurrection of the higher principle sprouting forth from it—is also shown in the Rose Cross, and the red roses. Goethe put it in these words:
For as long as you do not have
this word ‘die and become’,
you are but a troubled guest
in the darkness of this earth. 89In ‘Selige Sehnsucht’, Westöstlicher Diwan.
This is a wonderful connection between the tree of paradise and the wood of the cross! The cross may be a symbol for Easter, but it also deepens the Christmas mood for us. We can feel the new life welling forth in the Christ idea as we contemplate it in the night when Christ Jesus was born. We see the idea reflected in the living roses decorating our tree here. They tell us that the tree of holy night has not yet become the wood of the cross but the power to be this wood is beginning to arise within it. The roses growing among the green are a symbol of the eternal conquering the temporal.
The square of Pythagoras (Fig. 12) is a symbol for the fourfold nature of man—physical body, ether body, astral body and I.




One could read them by placing them in the right order. The images showed life dying down into death and sprouting up again in new life. Someone able to combine the right numbers with the right images would be able to read it. And this numerology, the wisdom given in images, had been taught from earliest times. It still played an important role in the middle ages, with Raymond Lully,90Lully (or Lull), Raymond (c. 1232–1315). See Steiner R. World History in the Light of Anthroposophy (GA 233a), lectured dated 5 January 1924. Tr. G. & M. Adams. London: Rudolf Steiner Press 1977. for instance, but little remains of it today.

Above it is the tao (Fig. 16), the sign reminding us of the image our earliest ancestors had of God. Before Europe, Asia and Africa were cultivated land, those ancestors lived on Atlantis, which has gone down beneath the waves. Norse mythology still holds memories of Atlantis in the legends of Niflheim, home of mists. For Atlantis did not have clear air. Vast, mighty masses of mist rolled and boiled above the soil, similar to the experience we may have today walking in the clouds and mists at high altitudes. Sun and moon were not clearly visible in the sky. On Atlantis they appeared surrounded by rainbow haloes the sacred iris. People were then still much more able to understand the language of nature. The lapping waves, the sound of the wind in the trees, the whispering leaves, the rumble of thunder still speak to us today, but we no longer understand them. The ancient Atlanteans did. They felt that a divine element was speaking to them in all these things. In the midst of all those speaking clouds and water and leaves and winds a sound reached the ears of the Atlanteans: tao—it is I. The essence of the whole natural world lived in that sound. Atlantis heard it. The tao later became the letter T. The circle at the top is the sign for the all-encompassing nature of God the Father.

Finally the principle which is present in the whole of the universe and exists as the human being is shown in the symbol of the pentagram (Fig. 17) which we see at the top of the tree. It is not permissible to speak of the deepest sense of the pentagram here and now. It does show us the star of evolving humanity. It is the star, the symbol of the human being which is followed by all who have wisdom, as the priestly wise men did in the distant past. It is the meaning of the earth, the great sun hero who is born in holy night because the most sublime light shines out in the deepest darkness.

Humanity will live on into a future when the light will be born in them; when words pregnant with meaning will give way to others and it will no longer be said that the darkness cannot comprehend the light. Truth will sound out in cosmic space, and the darkness will comprehend the light that shines out for us in the star of humanity. Darkness shall yield and comprehend the light, that is, will be taken hold of by it. And this is meant to sound out for us from our inmost being in the Christmas festival. Only then will we be celebrating Christmas in the right way, for it will then tell us that one day the light of the spirit will shine out from the inmost human being into the whole world. And we’ll then be able to celebrate Christmas as the feast of the most sublime ideal for humanity. It will then have real meaning again, be alive again in our souls, and the Christmas tree, too, will once more have its true meaning as a symbol of the paradise tree, truer than the meanings it is given today, however thoughtful. In our hearts, celebration of holy night will lead to joyful hope and to understanding that yes, I too shall experience within me what we must call the birth of the higher human being; in me, too, the birth of the saviour, of the Christos, will come.
Zeichen und Symbole des Weihnachtsfestes
Das Weihnachtsfest, das zu begehen wir uns jetzt anschicken, bekommt durch die geisteswissenschaftliche Weltanschauung wieder eine tiefe Bedeutung und ein neues geistiges Leben. Im geistigen Sinne ist das Weihnachtsfest ein Sonnenfest, und als Sonnenfest wollen wir es heute kennenlernen. Zum Beginne wollen wir die schönste Apostrophe an die Sonne anhören, diejenige, welche Goethe seinem Faust in den Mund legt:
Des Lebens Pulse schlagen frisch lebendig,
Ätherische Dämmerung milde zu begrüßen;
Du, Erde, warst auch diese Nacht beständig
Und atmest neu erquickt zu meinen Füßen,
Beginnest schon mit Lust mich zu umgeben,
Du regst und rührst ein kräftiges Beschließen,
Zum höchsten Dasein immerfort zu streben. —In Dämmerschein liegt schon die Welt erschlossen,
Der Wald ertönt von tausendstimmigem Leben;
Talaus, talein ist Nebelstreif ergossen,
Doch senkt sich Himmelsklarheit in die Tiefen,
Und Zweig und Äste, frisch erquickt, entsprossen
Dem duftgen Abgrund, wo versenkt sie schliefen;
Auch Farb an Farbe klärt sich los vom Grunde,
Wo Blum und Blatt von Zitterperle triefen,
Ein Paradies wird um mich her die Runde.Hinaufgeschaut! — Der Berge Gipfelriesen
Verkünden schon die feierlichste Stunde;
Sie dürfen früh des ewigen Lichts genießen,
Das später sich zu uns hernieder wendet.
Jetzt zu der Alpe grüngesenkten Wiesen
Wird neuer Glanz und Deutlichkeit gespendet,
Und stufenweis herab ist es gelungen;
Sie tritt hervor! - und, leider schon geblendet,
Kehr ich mich weg, vom Augenschmerz durchdrungen.So ist es also, wenn ein sehnend Hoffen
Dem höchsten Wunsch sich traulich zugerungen,
Erfüllungspforten findet flügeloffen;
Nun aber bricht aus jenen ewigen Gründen
Ein Flammenübermaß, wir stehn betroffen:
Des Lebens Fackel wollten wir entzünden,
Ein Feuermeer umschlingt uns, welch ein Feuer!
Ist’s Lieb? ist’s Haß? die glühend uns umwinden,
Mit Schmerz und Freuden wechselnd ungeheuer,
So daß wir wieder nach der Erde blicken,
Zu bergen uns in jugendlichstem Schleier.So bleibe denn die Sonne mir im Rücken!
Der Wassersturz, das Felsenriff durchbrausend,
Ihn schau ich an mit wachsendem Entzücken.
Von Sturz zu Sturzen wälzt er jetzt in tausend,
Dann abertausend Strömen sich ergießend,
Hoch in die Lüfte Schaum an Schäume sausend.
Allein wie herrlich, diesem Sturm ersprießend,
Wölbt sich des bunten Bogens Wechseldauer,
Bald rein gezeichnet, bald in Luft zerfließend,
Umher verbreitend duftig kühle Schauer!
Der spiegelt ab das menschliche Bestreben.
Ihm sinne nach, und du begreifst genauer:
Am farbigen Abglanz haben wir das Leben.
Diese gewaltigen Worte legt Goethe seinem Repräsentanten der Menschheit in den Mund gegenüber der am Morgen heraufstrahlenden Sonne. — Doch nicht um diese Sonne, die jeden Morgen neu erwacht, handelt es sich bei dem Fest, von dem heute die Rede sein soll. Wir wollen die Wesenheit der Sonne in viel tieferem Sinne auf uns wirken lassen. Und das, was diese Sonne sein soll, das soll das Leitmotiv zu unserer heutigen Betrachtung bilden. Wir werden jetzt jene Worte hören, die den tiefsten Sinn des Weihnachtsmysteriums widerspiegeln. Diese Worte ertönten vor den andachtsvoll lauschenden Schülern der Mysterien aller Zeiten, bevor sie in die Mysterien selbst eintreten durften:
Die Sonne schaue
Um mitternächtige Stunde.
Mit Steinen baue
Im lebenlosen Grunde.So finde im Niedergang
Und in des Todes Nacht
Der Schöpfung neuen Anfang,
Des Morgens junge Macht.Die Höhen laß offenbaren
Der Götter ewiges Wort,
Die Tiefen sollen bewahren
Den friedensvollen Hort.Im Dunkel lebend
Erschaffe eine Sonne.
Im Stoffe webend
Erkenne Geistes Wonne.
Viele, die heute nur noch den Weihnachtsbaum kennen mit seinen Lichtern, viele haben heute den Glauben, daß der Weihnachtsbaum eine aus alter Zeit überkommene Einrichtung sei. Doch das ist nicht der Fall. Der Weihnachtsbaum ist vielmehr eine der jüngsten europäischen Einrichtungen. Selbst der älteste Christbaum ist kaum älter als hundert Jahre. Doch so jung der Baum ist, so alt ist die Weihnachtsfeier.
Die Weihnachtsfeier ist ein Fest, das in den ältesten Mysterien aller Religionen allenthalben bekannt war, das immer gefeiert wurde. Es ist kein bloßes äußeres Sonnenfest, sondern es ist ein Fest, welches die Menschheit hinführt zu einer Anschauung oder wenigstens einer Ahnung von den Quellen des Daseins. Es ist ein Fest, das begangen wurde alljährlich, wenn die Sonne ihre geringste Kraft der Erde zusandte, ihre geringste Wärme spendete, von den höchststehenden Eingeweihten in den Mysterien. Aber auch von denjenigen wurde es gefeiert, die noch nicht teilnehmen konnten an der ganzen Feier, die nur den äußeren bildlichen Ausdruck erleben durften von den höchsten Mysterien. Und diese Mysteriengeheimnisse haben sich durch alle Zeiten hindurch erhalten und haben Gewand angenommen bei allen Völkern, je nach den verschiedenen Glaubensbekenntnissen. Weihnachtsfeier heißt das Fest der Weihe-Nacht, dieser Weihe-Nacht, die begangen wurde in den großen Mysterien. Das sind diejenigen Veranstaltungen gewesen, wo der Initiator in solchen Persönlichkeiten, die dazu genügend vorbereitet waren, den höheren Menschen im Inneren auferstehen ließ; oder, wenn wir ein heutiges Wort gebrauchen wollen: in denen der lebendige Christus im Inneren geboren wurde.
Nur diejenigen, die nichts davon wissen, daß neben den chemischen und physikalischen Kräften auch geistige wirken, und daß ebenso wie die chemischen und physikalischen Kräfte in ihrem Wirken ihre bestimmten Zeiten im Kosmos haben, so auch die geistigen — nur diese können glauben, daß es gleichgültig sei, wann die Erweckung des höheren Selbstes stattfinde. Die großen Mysterien bestanden darin, daß der Mensch jenes Ereignis erlebte, wo er die wirkenden Kräfte in farbigem Glanze, in hellem Lichte erblicken durfte, wo er die Welt um sich her sehen durfte angefüllt mit geistigen Eigenschaften, mit geistigen Wesenheiten, wo er schauen durfte die Geisterwelt um sich herum, wo er erlebte das Größte, das ein Mensch erleben kann. Für alle, alle wird dieser Zeitpunkt einmal kommen! Alle werden ihn einmal erleben, wenn auch vielleicht erst nach vielen Verkörperungen aber der Augenblick wird kommen für alle, wo der Christus in ihnen auferstehen wird, wo neues Sehen, neues Hören in ihnen erwachen wird.
Diejenigen, die als Mysterienschüler vorbereitet wurden für die Erweckung, wurden zunächst belehrt, was diese Erweckung im großen Weltenall bedeutet. Dann erst wurden die letzten Handlungen zur Erweckung vorgenommen. Und diese Handlungen wurden vorgenommen dann, wenn die Finsternis am größten ist, wenn die äußere Sonne am tiefsten steht: zur Weihnachtszeit, weil diejenigen, welche die geistigen Tatsachen kennen, wissen, daß zu diesem Zeitpunkt durch den Weltenraum Kräfte ziehen, die solcher Erweckung günstig sind. In der Vorbereitung wurde dem Schüler gesagt, daß der, welcher wirklich wissen will, nicht nur das wissen darf, was sich seit Jahrtausenden auf dem Erdenrund zugetragen hat, sondern daß er den ganzen Gang der Menschheit überblicken lernen muß. Und wissen muß er auch, daß die großen Feste in den Jahreslauf von den führenden Individualitäten eingeordnet sind, und daß sie gewidmet sein müssen der Aufschau zu den ewigen großen Wahrheiten.
Über Millionen von Jahren wurde bei solcher Gelegenheit der Blick geleitet. Schaue hin auf jenen Zeitpunkt, wurde dem Schüler gesagt, wo unsere Erde noch nicht so war wie jetzt, wo es noch keine Sonne, keinen Mond gab, sondern beide noch vereinigt waren mit der Erde, wo die Erde noch einen Körper bildete mit der Sonne und mit dem Monde. Auch damals war der Mensch schon da, doch hatte er noch keinen Körper; er war ein geistiges Wesen, und auf diesen geistig-seelischen Menschen schien nicht von außen ein Sonnenlicht. Das Sonnenlicht war in der Erde selbst. Es war kein solches wie das heutige Sonnenlicht, das von außen auf die Wesen und Dinge fällt, sondern es war ein solches, das geistige Kraft in sich hatte, das zu gleicher Zeit im Inneren eines jeglichen Menschen erglänzte. Dann kam der Zeitpunkt, wo die Sonne sich heraushob aus der Erde. Sie trennte sich von ihr, und ihr Licht fiel von außen auf die Erde herab. Die Sonne hatte sich zurückgezogen von der Erde. Im Inneren des Menschen war es jetzt finster geworden.
Das war der Beginn seiner Entwickelung zu jenem Zukunftszeitpunkt hin, wo er das innere Licht leuchtend wiederfinden soll im Inneren. Der Mensch mußte mit seinen äußeren Sinnen die Dinge der Erde erkennen lernen. Er entwickelt sich dahin, wo im Inneren wieder glüht und leuchtet der höhere Mensch, der Geistesmensch. Vom Lichte durch die Finsternis zum Lichte — das ist der Gang der Entwickelung der Menschheit.
Nachdem die Schüler so vorbereitet worden waren, führte man sie zur Erweckung an jenem Zeitpunkte, an dem sie als eine auserlesene Schar im Inneren das erleben sollten, was die übrige Menschheit erst in ferner Zukunft erleben soll: wo sie das geistige Licht durch die geöffneten geistigen Augen erblickten. Und dieser heilige Augenblick sollte dann sein, wenn das äußere Licht am schwächsten war, an dem Tage, wo die äußere Sonne am wenigsten scheint. Dann, an diesem Tage, wurden die Schüler der Mysterien vereinigt, und das innere Licht eröffnete sich ihnen. Und diejenigen, die noch nicht teilnehmen konnten an dieser Feier, sollten wenigstens ein äußeres Abbild erleben, das ihnen sagen sollte: Auch für euch wird der große Zeitpunkt kommen. Heute seht ihr ein Abbild. Später werdet ihr erleben, was ihr jetzt im Bilde seht.
Das waren die kleinen Mysterien. Die zeigten im Abbilde, was der Einzuweihende später erleben sollte. Und das wollen wir heute miterleben, was in den kleinen Mysterien um die mitternächtige Stunde sich zutrug. Es war dasselbe allenthalben: in den ägyptischen Mysterien, in den Eleusinischen Mysterien, in den Mysterien Vorderasiens, in den babylonisch-chaldäischen ebensowohl als in den Mysterien des persischen Mithrasdienstes und den indischen Brahmamysterien. Überall erlebten die Schüler dieser Mysterienschulen dasselbe um die mitternächtige Stunde der Weihe-Nacht.
Schon zeitig am Vorabend versammelten sie sich. In stillem Denken mußten sie sich klarmachen, was dies wichtigste Ereignis bedeute. Sie saßen in tiefem Schweigen im Dunkeln beieinander versammelt. Wenn dann die Mitternacht herankam, hatten sie schon stundenlang so gesessen im dunklen Raume. Gedanken der Ewigkeit durchzogen ihr Inneres. Dann, gegen Mitternacht, erhoben sich geheimnisvolle Töne, sie durchfluteten den Raum, im Anschwellen und Abschwellen. Die Schüler, die diese 'Töne hörten, wußten: Das ist die Sphärenmusik. "Tiefe, weihevolle Andacht erfüllte ihre Herzen. Dann wurde es schwach hell. Das Licht ging aus von einer schwach erhellten Scheibe. Diejenigen, die das sahen, wußten, daß diese Scheibe die Erde vorstelle. Die erhellte Scheibe wird dann dunkler und dunkler, bis sie zuletzt ganz schwarz ist. Zugleich wurde es im Raum ringsum heller. Diejenigen, die das sahen, wußten, daß das schwarze Rund die Erde darstelle. Die Sonne, die sonst aber die Erde durchleuchtet, ist verhüllt. Die Erde kann die Sonne nicht mehr sehen. Dann bildete sich um die Erdscheibe, nach außen verlaufend, Kreis um Kreis in Regenbogenfarben. Diejenigen, die das sahen, wußten: das ist die Iris. Dann erhob sich um Mitternacht allmählich, anstelle des schwarzen Erdkreises, ein violett-rötlich leuchtender Kreis; auf dem stand ein Wort. Dies Wort war verschieden, je nach den Völkern, deren Glieder dies Mysterium erleben durften. In unserer heutigen Sprache würde das Wort lauten «Christos». Diejenigen, die das sahen, wußten: das ist die Sonne. Sie erschien ihnen in der mitternächtigen Stunde, wenn die Welt ringsum im tiefsten Dunkel ruht. Den Schülern wurde klargemacht, daß sie jetzt in Bildern erlebt hätten das, was man in den Mysterien nennt: die Sonne um Mitternacht schauen.
Derjenige, der wirklich eingeweiht ist, lernt die Sonne um Mitternacht wahrhaftig schauen, denn in ihm ist das Materielle ausgelöscht. Nur die Sonne des Geistes lebt in seinem Inneren und überstrahlt alle Dunkelheit der Materie.
Seligster Moment ist dieser Moment in der Menschheitsentwickelung, wo der Mensch erlebt, daß er losgelöst von der Dunkelheit in ewigem Lichte lebt. Und dieser Moment wurde im Bilde also dargestellt in den Mysterien, Jahr für Jahr, um die mitternächtige Stunde in der Weihe-Nacht. Dieses Bild stellte dar, daß es neben der physischen Sonne eine Geistessonne gibt, die ebenso wie die physische Sonne aus dem Dunkel, aus der Finsternis heraus geboren werden muß. Um den Schülern das noch klarer zu machen, wurden sie, nachdem sie den Aufgang der Sonne, des Christos, erlebt hatten, in eine Höhle geführt, in der scheinbar nichts vorhanden war als Stein, erstorbene, leblose Materie. Dort sahen sie aus den Steinen Ähren erstehen, als Zeichen des Lebens, als symbolische Andeutung, daß aus dem scheinbaren Tode das Leben ersteht, daß geboren wird in totem Gestein das Leben. Es wurde ihnen dann gesagt: So wie die Sonnenkraft von diesem Tage an, nachdem sie scheinbar erstorben war, neu erwächst, so erhebt sich immerdar aus dem ersterbenden Leben das neue.
Es ist dasselbe Ereignis, das im Johannes-Evangelium angedeutet wird in den Worten: «Er muß zunehmen, ich aber muß abnehmen.» Der Johannes, der Vorherverkündiger des kommenden Christus, des geistigen Lichtes, dessen Höhetag im Jahreslauf in die Mitte des Sommers fällt, dieser Johannes muß abnehmen, und in seinem Abnehmen wächst zugleich die Kraft des kommenden Lichtes, die immer stärker und stärker wird, je mehr der Johannes abnimmt. So bereitet sich das neue, das kommende Leben vor im Samenkorn, das verfaulen und vergehen muß, um die neue Pflanze erstehen zu lassen. — Das sollten die Schüler empfinden: daß im Tode das Leben ruht, daß aus dem Faulen, Verwesenden heraus die neuen herrlichen Blüten und Früchte erstehen, daß die Erde voll ist von Geburtskraft. Sie sollten glauben lernen, daß in diesem Zeitpunkt im Inneren der Erde etwas vor sich geht: die Überwindung des Todes durch das Leben. Das Leben, das im Tode vorhanden ist, das wurde ihnen gezeigt im überwindenden Lichte. Das empfanden, das erlebten sie, als sie im Dunkel das Licht erstehen, erstrahlen sahen. Nun schauten sie in der Steinhöhle das sprießende Leben, das aus dem scheinbar Toten in Pracht und Fülle ersteht.
So erzog man in den Schülern heran diesen Glauben an das Leben, so ließ man in ihnen ersprießen das, was der Glaube an das größte Menschenideal genannt werden darf. So lernten sie hinaufschauen zu diesem höchsten Menschheitsideal, zu jenem Zeitpunkt, wo die Erde ihre Entwickelung vollendet haben wird, wo das Licht in der ganzen Menschheit erstrahlen wird. Die Erde selbst wird dann in Staub zerfallen, aber eine geistige Essenz der Erde wird bleiben mit allen Menschen, die im Inneren durch das geistige Licht leuchtend geworden sind. Und die Erde und die Menschheit werden dann erwachen zu einem höheren Dasein, zu einer neuen Daseinsphase.
Als das Christentum im Laufe der Entwickelung entstand, trug es in sich dieses Ideal im höchsten Sinne. Man empfand, daß der Christos, als der unsterbliche Geist der Erde, als Träger nicht nur des materiellen, sprießenden Lebens, sondern als Träger der geistigen Wiedergeburt, als das große Ideal aller Menschen auftreten solle, daß er um die Weihnacht geboren ward, in der Zeit der größten Finsternis, als Zeichen, daß aus der Finsternis der Materie ein höherer Mensch in der Menschenseele geboren werden kann. — Bevor man von einem Christos sprach, sprach man schon in den alten Mysterien von einem Sonnenhelden ; man verband mit ihm dasselbe Ideal wie das Christentum mit dem Christos. Sonnenheld wurde der Träger des Ideals genannt. Wie die Sonne ihren Gang im Laufe des Jahres vollendet, wie sie in ihrem Lichte zunimmt und abnimmt, wie ihre Wärme sich scheinbar der Erde entzieht und dann wieder von neuem erstrahlt, wie sie in ihrem T’ode das Leben enthält und neu ausströmt, so ist der Sonnenheld durch die Kraft seines geistigen Lebens Herr geworden über Tod und Nacht und Finsternis.
In den persischen Mithrasmysterien unterschied man sieben Einweihungsgrade. Zuerst den Grad der «Raben», die nur bis zur Pforte des Einweihungstempels vordringen konnten. Sie werden die Vermittler zwischen der äußeren Welt des materiellen Lebens und der inneren Welt des geistigen Lebens; sie gehören nicht mehr der materiellen und noch nicht der geistigen Welt an. Diese Raben finden wir allenthalben wieder; sie spielen überall dieselbe Rolle als Boten, die hin und her gehen zwischen den zwei Welten und Kundschaften übermitteln. Auch in unseren deutschen Sagen und Mythen finden wir sie: die Raben des Wotan, die Raben, die um den Kyffhäuser fliegen. — Der zweite Grad, der Grad des «Okkulten», führte den Jünger von der Pforte hinweg in das Innere des Einweihungstempels. Dort reifte er entgegen dem dritten Grade, dem des «Streiters», der hinaustrat vor die Welt, um die okkulten Wahrheiten, die er im Inneren des Tempels erleben durfte, zu verkünden. Den vierten Grad, den Grad des «Löwen», errang sich der Mensch, dessen Bewußtsein sich nicht auf einen einzelnen Menschen, sondern auf einen ganzen Stamm erstreckte. So wurde der Christus «der Löwe aus dem Stamme Juda» genannt. — Im fünften Grade befindet sich der Mensch, dessen Bewußtsein sich noch mehr erweitert, der in seinem Bewußtsein ein ganzes Volk umfaßt. Dieser Mensch hatte keinen eigenen Namen mehr. Er wurde mit dem Namen des Volkes bezeichnet, dem er angehörte. Man redete so vom «Perser», vom «Israeliten». Wir verstehen so zum Beispiel, daß Nathanael ein «echter Israeliter» genannt wurde, weil er den fünften Grad der Einweihung erlangt hatte. —- Der sechste Grad war der Grad des «Sonnenhelden», und wir müssen uns klarmachen, was dieser Name bedeutet. Wir werden dann verstehen lernen, daß ein Schauer der Ehrfurcht durch die Seele eines Schülers der Mysterien gehen mußte, der etwas wußte von einem Sonnenhelden und der im Weihnachtsfeste das Gebuttsfest eines Sonnenhelden erleben konnte.
Alles im Kosmos geht seinen rhythmischen Gang. Alle Gestirne ebenso wie die Sonne folgen einem großen Rhythmus. Würde die Sonne nur einen Moment diesen Rhythmus verlassen, nur einen Moment aus ihrer Bahn gehen, so würde das eine Revolution von ganz unerhörter Bedeutung im ganzen Weltall zur Folge haben. Der Rhythmus beherrscht die ganze Natur, die leblose bis zum Menschen hinauf. Er ist in der Pflanzenwelt da: das Veilchen, die Lilie blühen zur selben Zeit. Die Tiere haben ihre Brunstzeit zu bestimmten Zeiten des Jahres. Erst beim Menschen wird die Sache anders: der Rhythmus, der bis zum 'Tier hinauf durch den Gang der Jahreszeiten hindurch in den Kräften des Wachstums, der Fortpflanzung und so weiter herrscht - beim Menschen hört er auf!
Der Mensch soll eingebettet werden in Freiheit, und je höher zivilisiert der Mensch ist, um so mehr ist dieser Rhythmus im Abnehmen. Wie das Licht zur Weihnachtszeit verschwindet, so ist der Rhythmus schließlich scheinbar ganz aus dem Leben des Menschen verschwunden, ein Chaos herrscht. Dann soll aber der Mensch diesen Rhythmus aus eigener Initiative aus seinem Inneren heraus gebären. Er soll sein Leben aus eigenem Willen so gestalten, daß es in rhythmischen Grenzen abläuft. Fest und sicher wie der Lauf der Sonne sollen sich die Ereignisse seines Lebens abspielen in Regelmäßigkeit. Und ebenso wie es undenkbar ist, daß der Lauf der Sonne sich ändere, ebenso undenkbar soll es sein, daß der Rhythmus eines solchen Lebens unterbrochen werden könne.
Im Sonnenhelden fand man die Verkörperung eines solchen Lebensrhythmus. Durch die Kraft des in ihm geborenen höheren Menschen gewann er die Kraft, den Rhythmus seines Lebenslaufes selbst zu beherrschen. Dieser Sonnenheld war auch der Christus Jesus für die ersten zwei Jahrhunderte. Daher wurde sein Geburtsfest verlegt in die Zeit, in der seit Urzeiten begangen wurde das Geburtsfest des Sonnenhelden. Daher auch alles, was mit der Lebensgeschichte des Christus Jesus verknüpft wurde, daher auch die mitternächtige Messe, welche die ersten Christen in Höhlen begingen in Erinnerung an das Sonnenfest. In dieser Messe leuchtete um die Mitternacht aus dem Finstern heraus ein Lichtmeer als Erinnerung an den Aufgang der Geistessonne in den Mysterien. Daher läßt die Erzählung den Jesus geboren werden in einem Stalle, als Erinnerung an die Steinhöhle, aus der heraus - in den erwachsenden Ähren, den Sinnbildern des Lebens - das Leben geboren wurde.
Wie das irdische Leben aus dem toten Gestein, so wurde herausgeboren aus dem Niederen das Höchste, der Christus Jesus. An sein Geburtsfest wurde geknüpft die Legende von den drei Priesterweisen, den drei Königen aus dem Morgenlande. Sie brachten dem Kinde Gold, das Symbol der äußeren, weisheitsvollen Macht, Myrrhen, das Symbol des Sieges des Lebens über den Tod, und endlich Weihrauch, das Symbol des Weltenäthers, in dem der Geist lebt.
So fühlen wir in dem Sinn des Weihnachtsfestes etwas herüberklingen aus den ältesten Zeiten der Menschheit. Und das ist zu uns herübergekommen in der besonderen Färbung des Christentums. In seinen Symbolen finden wir Sinnbilder für die ältesten Symbole der Menschheit. Auch der Lichterbaum ist ein solches Symbol. Er ist uns ein Sinnbild für den Paradiesesbaum. Dieser Paradiesesbaum stellt innerhalb des Paradieses das Belebende und Erkennende dar. Das Paradies selbst stellt dar die ganze umfassende materielle Natur. Die Darstellung der geistigen Natur ist der Baum inmitten derselben, der die Erkenntnis umschließt, und der Baum des Lebens. Errungen werden kann die Erkenntnis nur auf Kosten des Lebens.
Eine Erzählung gibt es, die den Sinn dessen gibt, was der Baum der Erkenntnis und der Baum des Lebens bedeuten: Seth stand vor dem Tore des Paradieses und begehrte Einlaß. Der Cherub, der den Eingang hütete, ließ ihn herein. Das will sagen: Seth wurde ein Eingeweihter. Als Seth nun im Paradiese war, fand er, daß der Baum des Lebens und der Baum der Erkenntnis fest ineinander verschlun. gen waren. Der Erzengel Michael — der vor Gott steht — erlaubte ihm, daß er drei Samenkörner nehmen dürfe von diesem verschlungenen Baume.
Dieser Baum steht da als prophetischer Hinweis auf die Zukunft der Menschheit: wenn die ganze Menschheit die Erkenntnis gefunden hat und eingeweiht sein wird, dann wird sie nicht nur den Baum der Erkenntnis in sich tragen, sondern auch den anderen Baum, den des Lebens. Der Tod wird dann nicht mehr sein. Vorläufig aber darf nur der Eingeweihte von diesem Baum die drei Samenkörner nehmen, diese drei Körner, die da bedeuten die drei höheren Glieder des Menschen.
Als Adam starb, gab Seth diese drei Körner ihm in den Mund, und es erwuchs aus dem Grabe Adams heraus ein flammender Busch, der die Eigenschaft hatte, daß sich aus dem Holz, das von ihm abgeschnitten wurde, immer neue Triebe und Blätter entwickelten. Innerhalb des Flammenkreises des Busches aber steht geschrieben: «Ehjeh asher ehjeh», das heißt: Ich bin, der da war, der da ist, der da sein wird. Das bedeutet dasjenige, was durch alle Inkarnationen durchgeht: die Kraft des sich immer wieder erneuernden, werdenden Menschen, der herniedersteigt aus dem Lichte zur Finsternis und hinaufsteigt aus der Finsternis zum Lichte.
Jener Stab, mit dem Moses seine Wunder verrichtet hat, ist geschnitten aus dem Holz dieses Busches. Das Tor des Salomonischen Tempels ist aus ihm bereitet. Hinausgetragen wurde dieses Holz in den Teich Bethesda, und der Teich erhielt von ihm jene Kraft, von der uns erzählt wird. Und von demselben Holz ist geformt das Kreuz des Christus Jesus, das Holz des Kreuzes, das uns zeigt das absterbende, das im Tode vergehende Leben, das aber die Kraft in sich hat, neues Leben hervorzubringen. Das große Weltensymbolum steht da vor uns: das Leben, das den Tod überwindet. Das Holz dieses Kreuzes, das ist erwachsen aus den drei Samenkörnern des Paradiesesbaumes.
Auch im Rosenkreuz ist jenes Symbolum ausgedrückt, jenes Ersterben des Niederen, und daraus hervorsprießend die Auferstehung des Höheren, in den roten Rosen, was Goethe ausgedrückt hat in den Worten:
Und so lang du das nicht hast,
Dieses: Stirb und werde!
Bist du nur ein trüber Gast
Auf der dunklen Erde.
Ein wunderbarer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Baum des Paradieses und dem Kreuzesholz! Ist auch das Kreuz ein Symbolum für Ostern, empfangen wir doch auch für die Weihnachtsstimmung aus ihm eine Vertiefung. Wir empfinden in ihm, was in der Christus-Idee in dieser Geburtsnacht des Christus Jesus im neuen, quellenden Leben uns entgegenströmt. Angedeutet sehen wir diese Idee in den lebenden Rosen, die diesen Baum hier schmücken. Sie sagen uns: der Baum der Weihe-Nacht ist noch nicht zum Holze des Kreuzes geworden, aber die Kraft, zu diesem Holz zu werden, beginnt in ihm ihren Aufstieg zu nehmen. Die Rosen, die aus dem Grün erwachsen, sind ein Symbol des Sieges des Ewigen über das Zeitliche.
In dem pythagoreischen Quadrat finden wir das Symbol, das die Vierheit des Menschen deutet: den physischen Leib, den Ätherleib, den Astralleib und das Ich.


Für die höhere Dreiheit des Menschen steht das Dreieck als Symbol für das Geistselbst, den Lebensgeist und den Geistesmenschen.

Das, was darüber steht, ist das Symbol für Tarok. Diejenigen, die eingeweiht waren in die ägyptischen Mysterien, verstanden das Zeichen zu lesen. Sie verstanden auch das Buch Thoth zu lesen, das aus achtundsiebzig Kartenblättern bestand, in welchen alle Weltgeschehnisse vom Anfang bis zum Ende, von Alpha bis Omega zeichnet waren und die man lesen konnte, wenn man sie in der richtigen Reihenfolge verband und zusammensetzte. Es enthielt in Bildern das Leben, das zum Tode erstirbt und wieder aufsprießt zu neuem Leben. Wer die richtigen Zahlen und die richtigen Bilder miteinander vereinen konnte, der konnte in ihm lesen. Und diese Zahlenweisheit, diese Bilderweisheit, wurde seit Urzeiten gelehrt. Sie spielte noch im Mittelalter eine große Rolle, zum Beispiel bei Raimundus Lullus, doch heute ist nicht mehr viel davon vorhanden.


Darüber steht das Taozeichen, jenes Zeichen, das uns an die Gottesbezeichnung unserer uralten Vorfahren erinnert. Bevor Europa, Asien, Afrika Kulturland war, lebten diese alten Vorfahren in der Atlantis, die in Fluten untergegangen ist. In den germanischen Sagen lebt noch die Erinnerung an diese Atlantis in den Sagen von Niflheim, dem Nebelheim. Denn Atlantis war nicht von reiner Luft umgeben. Große, mächtige Nebelmassen umwogten das Land, ähnlich wie man sie heute sieht, wenn man im Hochgebirge durch Wolken und Nebelmassen zieht. Sonne und Mond standen nicht klar am Himmel, sie waren für die Atlantis umgeben von Regenbogentingen - von der heiligen Iris. Damals verstand der Mensch noch viel mehr die Sprache der Natur. Was heute im Plätschern der Wellen, im Rauschen des Windes, im Säuseln der Blätter, im Grollen des Donners zum Menschen spricht, aber nicht mehr von ihm verstanden wird, das war dem alten Atlantier damals verständlich. Er empfand aus allem heraus ein Göttliches, das zu ihm redete. Innerhalb all dieser sprechenden Wolken und Wasser und Blätter und Winde ertönte den Atlantiern ein Laut: Tao — das bin ich. — In diesem Laut lebte das eigentliche Wesen, das durch die ganze Natur geht. Atlantis vernahm ihn. Dieses Tao drückte sich später aus in dem Buchstaben T. Auf ihm steht ein Kreis, das Zeichen der alles umfassenden göttlichen Vaternatur.

Endlich alles, was das Weltall durchsetzt und was da ist als der Mensch, ist bezeichnet in dem Symbol des Pentagramms, das uns von der Spitze des Baumes herunter grüßt. Der tiefste Sinn des Pentagramms darf jetzt nicht besprochen werden. Es zeigt uns den Stern der sich entwickelnden Menschheit. Es ist der Stern, das Symbol des Menschen, dem alle Weisen folgen, so wie ihm in Vorzeiten die Priesterweisen folgten. Es ist der Sinn der Erde, der große Sonnenheld, der geboren wird in der Weihe-Nacht, weil das höchste Licht aus der tiefsten Finsternis herausstrahlt.
Der Mensch lebt hinein in eine Zukunft, wo das Licht in ihm geboren werden soll, wo abgelöst werden soll ein bedeutungsvolles Wort durch ein anderes, wo es nicht mehr heißen wird, daß die Finsternis das Licht nicht begreifen kann, sondern wo die Wahrheit hinaustönen wird in den Weltenraum und wo die Finsternis das Licht, das uns entgegenstrahlt in dem Stern der Menschheit, begreifen wird, wo die Finsternisse weichen und das Licht begreifen, das heißt, von ihm ergriffen werden. Und das soll uns aus der Weihnachtsfeier entgegentönen aus unserem Inneren. Dann wird das Weihnachtsfest in seiner tiefen, uralten Bedeutung erst richtig gefeiert werden von uns, denn dann weist es uns darauf hin, daß aus dem Inneren des Menschen hervorleuchten wird das geistige Licht, hinausstrahlen wird in alle Welt. Und als ein Fest des höchsten Ideals der Menschheit werden wit das Christfest feiern können. Es wird dann wieder eine Bedeutung für uns haben, es wird wieder lebendig werden in unserer Seele, und auch der Weihnachtsbaum wird dann wieder als Symbol des Paradiesesbaumes eine richtigere Bedeutung haben, als sie ihm selbst in der sinnvollsten Weise heute gegeben wird. In unserer Seele wird aber die Feier der Weihe-Nacht entstehen lassen die freudevolle Zuversicht: Ja, auch ich werde in mir dasjenige erleben, was man nennen muß die Geburt des höheren Menschen, auch in mir wird stattfinden die Geburt des Heilandes, die Geburt des Christos.

Signs and symbols of Christmas
Christmas, which we are now preparing to celebrate, is regaining a profound meaning and a new spiritual life through the spiritual-scientific worldview. In a spiritual sense, Christmas is a festival of the sun, and it is as a festival of the sun that we want to get to know it today. To begin with, let us listen to the most beautiful apostrophe to the sun, the one that Goethe puts into the mouth of his Faust:
The pulse of life beats fresh and alive,
Gently greeting the ethereal twilight;
You, Earth, were also steadfast this night
And breathe anew, refreshed, at my feet,
Already beginning to surround me with joy,
You stir and move a powerful resolve,
To strive ever toward the highest existence. —In twilight, the world already lies open,
The forest resounds with a thousand voices of life;
Out of the valley, into the valley, a strip of fog is poured,
But the clarity of the sky descends into the depths,
And twigs and branches, freshly refreshed, sprout
From the fragrant abyss where they slept submerged;
Color upon color also clears from the ground,
Where flowers and leaves drip with trembling pearls,
A paradise surrounds me all around.Look up! — The mountain peaks
Already herald the most solemn hour;
They may enjoy the eternal light early,
Which later turns down toward us.
Now the green meadows of the Alps
Are given new splendor and clarity,
And step by step it has succeeded;
It emerges! — and, already blinded, alas,
I turn away, pierced by pain in my eyes.So it is when a longing hope
Trustingly strives toward the highest desire,
It finds the gates of fulfillment open wide;
But now, from those eternal depths,
An excess of flame, we stand affected:
We wanted to light the torch of life,
A sea of fire surrounds us, what a fire!
Is it love? Is it hate? That envelops us gloriously,
Alternating tremendously between pain and joy,
So that we look back to the earth,
To shelter ourselves in the most youthful veil.So let the sun remain behind me!
The waterfall, roaring through the rocky reef,
I look at it with growing delight.
From fall to fall it now rolls in a thousand,
Then pouring out in a thousand streams,
High into the air, foam upon foam rushing.
But how glorious, springing from this storm,
The colorful arch arches in alternating cycles,
Now clearly defined, now dissolving into the air,
Spreading cool, fragrant showers all around!
This reflects human endeavor.
Contemplate it, and you will understand more clearly:
We have life in the colorful reflection.
Goethe puts these powerful words into the mouth of his representative of humanity as he faces the sun rising in the morning. — But it is not this sun, which awakens anew every morning, that is the subject of the festival we are discussing today. We want to let the essence of the sun affect us in a much deeper sense. And what this sun is supposed to be shall form the leitmotif of our contemplation today. We will now hear those words that reflect the deepest meaning of the Christmas mystery. These words resounded before the devoutly listening students of the mysteries of all times, before they were allowed to enter the mysteries themselves:
The sun looks
At midnight hour.
Builds with stones
In the lifeless ground.So find in decline
And in the night of death
The new beginning of creation,
The young power of the morning.Let the heights reveal
The eternal word of the gods,
The depths shall preserve
The peaceful refuge.Living in darkness
Create a sun.
Weaving in matter
Recognize the joy of the spirit.
Many who today only know the Christmas tree with its lights believe that the Christmas tree is a tradition handed down from ancient times. But that is not the case. The Christmas tree is in fact one of the most recent European traditions. Even the oldest Christmas tree is barely more than a hundred years old. But as young as the tree is, the Christmas celebration is just as old.
The Christmas celebration is a festival that was known everywhere in the oldest mysteries of all religions and was always celebrated. It is not merely an outward celebration of the sun, but a festival that leads humanity to a vision or at least an inkling of the sources of existence. It is a festival that was celebrated annually by the highest initiates in the mysteries when the sun sent its least power to the earth, gave its least warmth. But it was also celebrated by those who could not yet participate in the entire celebration, who were only allowed to experience the outer, pictorial expression of the highest mysteries. And these mystery secrets have been preserved throughout the ages and have taken on different forms among all peoples, depending on their various creeds. Christmas celebration is called the festival of the night of consecration, this night of consecration that was celebrated in the great mysteries. These were events where the initiator, in personalities who were sufficiently prepared for this, allowed the higher human being to rise within; or, if we want to use a modern term: in which the living Christ was born within.
Only those who know nothing of the fact that spiritual forces are at work alongside chemical and physical forces, and that just as chemical and physical forces have their specific times in the cosmos, so do spiritual forces — only these can believe that it is irrelevant when the awakening of the higher self takes place. The great mysteries consisted in the fact that human beings experienced that event where they were allowed to see the active forces in colorful splendor, in bright light, where they were allowed to see the world around them filled with spiritual qualities, with spiritual beings, where they were allowed to see the spirit world around them, where they experienced the greatest thing a human being can experience. For everyone, this moment will come! Everyone will experience it, even if perhaps only after many incarnations, but the moment will come for everyone when Christ will rise within them, when new seeing and new hearing will awaken within them.
Those who were prepared for the awakening as mystery students were first taught what this awakening means in the great universe. Only then were the final acts of awakening performed. And these actions were taken when the darkness is at its greatest, when the outer sun is at its lowest: at Christmas time, because those who know spiritual facts know that at this time forces pass through the universe that are favorable to such an awakening. In preparation, the student was told that those who truly want to know must not only know what has happened on Earth for thousands of years, but must also learn to survey the entire course of humanity. And they must also know that the great festivals in the course of the year are arranged by the leading personalities, and that they must be dedicated to looking up to the eternal great truths.
Over millions of years, the gaze was directed on such occasions. Look back to that time, the student was told, when our Earth was not yet as it is now, when there was no sun, no moon, but both were still united with the Earth, when the Earth still formed one body with the sun and the moon. Even then, human beings already existed, but they did not yet have bodies; they were spiritual beings, and no sunlight shone on these spiritual-soul human beings from outside. The sunlight was within the Earth itself. It was not like today's sunlight, which falls on beings and things from outside, but it was a light that had spiritual power within it, which at the same time shone within every human being. Then came the moment when the sun emerged from the earth. It separated from it, and its light fell from outside onto the earth. The sun had withdrawn from the earth. It had now become dark inside human beings.
That was the beginning of their development toward that future moment when they would rediscover the inner light shining within. Human beings had to learn to recognize the things of the earth with their outer senses. They develop to the point where the higher human being, the spiritual human being, glows and shines again within. From light through darkness to light — that is the course of human development.
After the disciples had been prepared in this way, they were led to awakening at that moment when, as a select group, they were to experience inwardly what the rest of humanity would only experience in the distant future: when they saw the spiritual light through their opened spiritual eyes. And this sacred moment was to be when the outer light was at its weakest, on the day when the outer sun shines least. Then, on that day, the disciples of the mysteries were united, and the inner light opened up to them. And those who could not yet participate in this celebration were to experience at least an outer image that would tell them: The great moment will come for you too. Today you see an image. Later you will experience what you now see in the picture.
These were the lesser mysteries. They showed in images what the initiate would later experience. And today we want to witness what took place in the lesser mysteries at the midnight hour. It was the same everywhere: in the Egyptian mysteries, in the Eleusinian mysteries, in the mysteries of the Near East, in the Babylonian-Chaldean mysteries, as well as in the mysteries of the Persian Mithras cult and the Indian Brahman mysteries. Everywhere, the disciples of these mystery schools experienced the same thing at midnight on the night of initiation.
They gathered early on the evening before. In silent reflection, they had to realize what this most important event meant. They sat together in deep silence in the dark. When midnight approached, they had already been sitting like this for hours in the dark room. Thoughts of eternity filled their inner beings. Then, around midnight, mysterious sounds arose, flooding the room, swelling and subsiding. The students who heard these sounds knew: this is the music of the spheres. Deep, solemn devotion filled their hearts. Then a faint light appeared. The light came from a dimly lit disc. Those who saw it knew that this disc represented the earth. The illuminated disc then became darker and darker until it was finally completely black. At the same time, the room around them became brighter. Those who saw this knew that the black circle represented the Earth. The sun, which normally shines through the Earth, is veiled. The Earth can no longer see the sun. Then, circle after circle in rainbow colors formed around the Earth's disc, extending outward. Those who saw this knew that it was the iris. Then, at midnight, a violet-reddish glowing circle gradually rose in place of the black circle of the Earth; on it was written a word. This word differed depending on the peoples whose members were allowed to experience this mystery. In our language today, the word would be “Christos.” Those who saw this knew: this is the sun. It appeared to them at the midnight hour, when the world around them was resting in deepest darkness. It was made clear to the disciples that they had now experienced in images what is called in the mysteries: seeing the sun at midnight.
Those who are truly initiated learn to truly see the sun at midnight, for the material has been extinguished within them. Only the sun of the spirit lives within them and outshines all the darkness of matter.
The most blessed moment is that moment in human development when human beings experience that they live detached from darkness in eternal light. And this moment was depicted in images in the mysteries, year after year, at midnight on the night of consecration. This image represented that, alongside the physical sun, there is a spiritual sun which, like the physical sun, must be born out of darkness. To make this even clearer to the disciples, after they had experienced the rising of the sun, the Christ, they were led into a cave where there seemed to be nothing but stone, dead, lifeless matter. There they saw ears of corn springing from the stones as a sign of life, a symbolic hint that life arises from apparent death, that life is born in dead rock. They were then told: Just as the power of the sun rises anew from this day on, after it seemed to have died, so too does new life always arise from dying life.
It is the same event that is hinted at in the Gospel of John in the words: “He must increase, but I must decrease.” John, the forerunner of the coming Christ, the spiritual light, whose high day in the course of the year falls in the middle of summer, this John must decrease, and as he diminishes, the power of the coming light grows, becoming stronger and stronger the more John diminishes. Thus the new, coming life prepares itself in the seed, which must rot and decay in order for the new plant to arise. — The disciples should feel that life rests in death, that new, glorious blossoms and fruits arise from the rotten and decaying, that the earth is full of the power of birth. They should learn to believe that at this time something is happening inside the earth: the overcoming of death by life. The life that is present in death was shown to them in the overcoming light. They felt this, they experienced it when they saw the light arise and shine in the darkness. Now they saw in the stone cave the sprouting life that arises in splendor and abundance from what appears to be dead.
In this way, the pupils were taught to believe in life, and what may be called the greatest human ideal was allowed to sprout within them. Thus they learned to look up to this highest ideal of humanity, to that point in time when the earth will have completed its development, when light will shine throughout all of humanity. The earth itself will then crumble to dust, but a spiritual essence of the earth will remain with all people who have become luminous within through the spiritual light. And the earth and humanity will then awaken to a higher existence, to a new phase of existence.
When Christianity arose in the course of development, it carried this ideal in the highest sense. It was felt that Christ, as the immortal spirit of the earth, as the bearer not only of material, sprouting life, but also of spiritual rebirth, should appear as the great ideal of all people, that he was born around Christmas, in the time of greatest darkness, as a sign that a higher human being can be born in the human soul out of the darkness of matter. Before people spoke of Christ, they spoke in the ancient mysteries of a sun hero; they associated with him the same ideal as Christianity associated with Christ. The sun hero was called the bearer of the ideal. Just as the sun completes its course throughout the year, just as it waxes and wanes in its light, just as its warmth seems to withdraw from the earth and then shine forth anew, just as it contains life in its death and flows forth anew, so the sun hero, through the power of his spiritual life, has become lord over death and night and darkness.
In the Persian Mithras mysteries, a distinction was made between seven degrees of initiation. First was the degree of the “ravens,” who could only advance to the gate of the initiation temple. They become the mediators between the outer world of material life and the inner world of spiritual life; they no longer belong to the material world and not yet to the spiritual world. We find these ravens everywhere; they play the same role everywhere as messengers who go back and forth between the two worlds and convey messages. We also find them in our German legends and myths: the ravens of Wotan, the ravens that fly around the Kyffhäuser. — The second degree, the degree of the “occult,” led the disciple away from the gate into the interior of the initiation temple. There he matured towards the third degree, that of the “warrior,” who went out into the world to proclaim the occult truths he had been allowed to experience inside the temple. The fourth degree, the degree of the “lion,” was attained by the person whose consciousness extended not to a single human being but to an entire tribe. Thus, Christ was called “the Lion of the Tribe of Judah.” — The fifth degree is attained by the person whose consciousness expands even further, encompassing an entire people in their consciousness. This person no longer had their own name. They were referred to by the name of the people to whom they belonged. Thus, people spoke of “the Persian” or “the Israelite.” We understand, for example, that Nathanael was called a “true Israelite” because he had attained the fifth degree of initiation. —- The sixth degree was the degree of the “sun hero,” and we must realize what this name means. We will then come to understand that a shiver of awe must have passed through the soul of a student of the mysteries who knew something about a sun hero and who could experience the birth of a sun hero in the Christmas festival.
Everything in the cosmos follows its rhythmic course. All the stars, like the sun, follow a great rhythm. If the sun were to depart from this rhythm for just a moment, to stray from its course for just a moment, it would result in a revolution of unprecedented significance throughout the universe. Rhythm governs all of nature, from the inanimate to human beings. It is present in the plant world: violets and lilies bloom at the same time. Animals have their mating season at certain times of the year. Only with humans is the situation different: the rhythm that prevails in animals through the course of the seasons in the forces of growth, reproduction, and so on—in humans, it ceases!
Human beings should be embedded in freedom, and the more civilized they are, the more this rhythm diminishes. Just as the light disappears at Christmas time, so the rhythm eventually seems to have disappeared completely from human life, and chaos reigns. But then human beings should give birth to this rhythm from within themselves on their own initiative. They should shape their lives of their own free will so that they proceed within rhythmic boundaries. The events of their lives should unfold with regularity, as firmly and reliably as the course of the sun. And just as it is unthinkable that the course of the sun could change, so too should it be unthinkable that the rhythm of such a life could be interrupted.
The sun hero was seen as the embodiment of such a rhythm of life. Through the power of the higher human being born within him, he gained the power to control the rhythm of his own life. This sun hero was also Christ Jesus for the first two centuries. Therefore, his birthday was moved to the time when the birthday of the sun hero had been celebrated since ancient times. Hence everything that was linked to the life story of Christ Jesus, including the midnight mass, which the first Christians celebrated in caves in memory of the sun festival. In this mass, a sea of light shone out of the darkness at midnight as a reminder of the rising of the spiritual sun in the mysteries. That is why the story has Jesus being born in a stable, as a reminder of the stone cave from which life was born in the growing ears of corn, the symbols of life.
Just as earthly life was born from dead rock, so the highest, Christ Jesus, was born from the lowest. The legend of the three wise priests, the three kings from the East, was linked to his birthday. They brought the child gold, the symbol of outer, wise power; myrrh, the symbol of the victory of life over death; and finally frankincense, the symbol of the world ether in which the spirit lives.
Thus, in the spirit of Christmas, we sense something echoing from the earliest times of humanity. And this has come down to us in the special coloring of Christianity. In its symbols we find allegories for the oldest symbols of humanity. The tree of lights is also such a symbol. It is an allegory for the tree of paradise. This tree of paradise represents the animating and cognizing force within paradise. Paradise itself represents the whole of material nature. The representation of spiritual nature is the tree in the midst of it, which encompasses knowledge, and the tree of life. Knowledge can only be attained at the expense of life.
There is a story that explains the meaning of the tree of knowledge and the tree of life: Seth stood at the gates of paradise and asked to be let in. The cherub who guarded the entrance let him in. This means that Seth became an initiate. Once Seth was in paradise, he found that the tree of life and the tree of knowledge were firmly intertwined. The archangel Michael—who stands before God—allowed him to take three seeds from this intertwined tree.
This tree stands there as a prophetic indication of the future of humanity: when all of humanity has found knowledge and will be initiated, then it will carry not only the tree of knowledge within itself, but also the other tree, that of life. Death will then no longer exist. For the time being, however, only the initiated may take the three seeds from this tree, these three seeds, which signify the three higher members of the human being.
When Adam died, Seth placed these three seeds in his mouth, and a flaming bush grew out of Adam's grave, which had the property that new shoots and leaves always developed from the wood that was cut from it. But within the circle of flames of the bush it is written: “Ehjeh asher ehjeh,” which means: I am who was, who is, who will be. This signifies that which passes through all incarnations: the power of the ever-renewing, becoming human being who descends from light into darkness and ascends from darkness into light.
The staff with which Moses performed his miracles was cut from the wood of this bush. The gate of Solomon's Temple was made from it. This wood was carried out to the pool of Bethesda, and the pool received from it the power that is told to us. And from the same wood is formed the cross of Christ Jesus, the wood of the cross, which shows us the dying life that passes away in death, but which has the power to bring forth new life. The great symbol of the world stands before us: life overcoming death. The wood of this cross grew from the three seeds of the tree of paradise.
This symbol is also expressed in the Rosicrucian symbol, the death of the lower, and from it sprouting the resurrection of the higher, in the red roses, which Goethe expressed in the words:
And as long as you do not have this,
This: Die and become!
You are but a gloomy guest
On the dark earth.
What a wonderful connection between the tree of paradise and the wood of the cross! If the cross is also a symbol of Easter, we also receive a deepening of the Christmas spirit from it. In it, we feel what flows toward us in the idea of Christ on this night of the birth of Christ Jesus in new, springing life. We see this idea hinted at in the living roses that adorn this tree here. They tell us: the tree of the night of consecration has not yet become the wood of the cross, but the power to become this wood is beginning to rise within it. The roses growing out of the greenery are a symbol of the victory of the eternal over the temporal.
In the Pythagorean square we find the symbol that interprets the fourfold nature of the human being: the physical body, the etheric body, the astral body, and the I.

For the higher trinity of the human being, the triangle stands as a symbol for the spirit self, the life spirit, and the spirit man.

The symbol above it is the symbol for Tarok. Those who were initiated into the Egyptian mysteries understood how to read the sign. They also understood how to read the Book of Thoth, which consisted of seventy-eight cards depicting all world events from beginning to end, from Alpha to Omega, and which could be read by connecting and assembling them in the correct order. It contained images of life dying and sprouting again into new life. Those who could combine the right numbers and the right images could read it. And this wisdom of numbers, this wisdom of images, has been taught since ancient times. It still played an important role in the Middle Ages, for example with Raimundus Lullus, but today not much of it remains.


Above it is the Tao symbol, the symbol that reminds us of the name our ancient ancestors gave to God. Before Europe, Asia, and Africa were cultivated lands, these ancient ancestors lived in Atlantis, which was submerged by floods. In Germanic legends, the memory of Atlantis lives on in the legends of Niflheim, the misty realm. For Atlantis was not surrounded by pure air. Large, powerful masses of mist enveloped the land, similar to what we see today when we travel through clouds and fog in the high mountains. The sun and moon did not stand clearly in the sky; for the Atlanteans, they were surrounded by rainbow tinges – by the sacred iris. At that time, humans understood the language of nature much better. What speaks to humans today in the lapping of the waves, the rustling of the wind, the whispering of the leaves, the rumbling of thunder, but is no longer understood by them, was understandable to the ancient Atlanteans at that time. They sensed a divine presence in everything that spoke to them. Within all these speaking clouds and waters and leaves and winds, a sound resounded to the Atlanteans: Tao — that is me. — In this sound lived the very essence that permeates all of nature. Atlantis heard it. This Tao was later expressed in the letter T. Above it is a circle, the sign of the all-encompassing divine father nature.

Finally, everything that permeates the universe and exists as human beings is represented in the symbol of the pentagram, which greets us from the top of the tree. The deepest meaning of the pentagram cannot be discussed now. It shows us the star of developing humanity. It is the star, the symbol of man, which all wise men follow, just as the priest-wise men followed it in ancient times. It is the meaning of the earth, the great sun hero who is born on the night of consecration, because the highest light shines out of the deepest darkness.
Humanity lives in a future where the light is to be born within it, where one meaningful word is to be replaced by another, where it will no longer be said that darkness cannot comprehend light, but where truth will resound throughout the universe and where darkness will comprehend the light that shines upon us in the star of humanity. where the darkness will recede and comprehend the light, that is, be seized by it. And this should resound from within us during the Christmas celebration. Then Christmas will be truly celebrated by us in its deep, ancient meaning, for then it will point out to us that the spiritual light will shine forth from within the human being and radiate out into the whole world. And we will be able to celebrate Christmas as a festival of humanity's highest ideal. It will then have meaning for us again, it will come alive again in our souls, and even the Christmas tree will then have a more appropriate meaning as a symbol of the tree of paradise than is given to it today in the most meaningful way. But in our souls, the celebration of Christmas Eve will give rise to the joyful confidence: Yes, I too will experience within myself what must be called the birth of the higher human being; the birth of the Savior, the birth of Christ, will also take place within me.
