The Christian Mystery
GA 97
4 December 1906, Cologne
XXVI. The Three Aspects of the World
We can see that the world we encounter, the world in which we live, has three aspects—firstly the way it shows itself to us outwardly, secondly the way we inwardly experience it, and thirdly the way it is inside itself.
Our sense organs convey to us the aspect in which the world shows itself to us outwardly, the world of shapes and forms in inorganic nature, the mineral world; in living nature, the plant world; in sentient nature, the animal world, and in thinking nature, the human world. It comes to us from outside as a world of sensory perceptions, and we take in this world of phenomena, of perceptions, through our sense organs. Our sense organs are the gates through which the outside world with its forms has access to us. If we did not have our sense organs, the world of forms would be forever a secret to us, something hidden; it would not exist for us. People might tell us of it, giving descriptions that we could at least partly understand. But for as long as we would lack sense organs, we would never be able to have a true idea of the outside world with its shapes and forms. All the things we now take in by seeing, hearing, touching, tasting and smelling them would not exist for us in that case. The outside world would remain shrouded in darkness for us and we could only have a dim notion of it, getting an approximate but never a true picture of it from the descriptions given by those who knew it. This world of forms would have remained forever hidden to human beings if their senses had not opened up to take it in. The senses had to open up so that human beings might have access to this outside world.
Awareness of the world perceptible to the senses is an evolutional stage humanity did not know before. There was a time when human sense organs had not yet opened up to the outside world. Human beings were then unable to perceive the world of shape and form; they were unable to perceive anything outside; they still lived entirely within themselves, closed off from the world. The inner life they knew then is something we still have as our life of inner responses today.
In this inner life we now find the second aspect of the world. Inner responses arise to anything the senses perceive of the forms in the outside world. Just as we perceive the outside world through the senses, so we respond in our souls to the impressions that world makes on us. This inner world of our own will come to conscious awareness to the degree in which the soul and its organs have developed. The more highly developed a person is, the more does he also feel this outside world to be an inner world in his soul; the more he has developed the organs of his soul, the richer will be the images of it that arise within him, and the greater will be the order and harmony in which they exist within him. To make the outside world wholly his own, a human being must have a strong soul that is differentiated and configured to be harmonious, a fully developed soul organism. The more rich and varied the inner life someone has developed, the more will the outside world appear in it in many different images, full of variety. The greater the harmony in his soul, the more beautiful will be the way the outside world is reflected in his soul. The outside world then enters wholly into the soul, to be a beautiful, harmonious whole full of life and variety.
In their waking consciousness, human beings concentrate mainly on the outside world, and the responses they feel inwardly are chaotic to begin with. They must learn to bring order into these chaotic responses and regulate them, establish a conscious relationship to the outside world and make them into a harmonious whole. They must learn to gain control of this inner world, for only then will it become their very own world in which they are able to live consciously and according to their own will. Human beings enter into this inner world of theirs in their dreams. They are then removed from the world perceived by the senses and given over to the chaotic whirl of the inner responses that arise in images before the mind's eye. Those dream images become more regular and meaningful as they are able to bring order into their inner responses.
This inner world which has arisen in their souls is the aspect of the outside world as they feel it to be. It differs from the aspect in which the outside world presents itself to their senses.
There is however yet another aspect, and that is the aspect of the world as it really is. It is the aspect of the full reality of the world, as it is inwardly. Human beings gain this aspect if they continue on the road on which they have set out. When clear sensory perceptions have met with inner responses, and these responses have been brought into harmonious order and a beautiful rhythm, these will take human beings out into the world again. They build a bridge between their souls and the world, and as the world pours into them through the senses, so do then their souls pour out into the world because they are thinking about the world. They pour their inner responses into their thoughts, and those thoughts enter into the outside world. This completes the link between world and man and between man and world.
The world is outside, the response inside the human being; the thought is in both. In their thinking, human beings become wholly at one with the world. For the world's thinking and their own thinking are a whole. Human beings thus root in outward existence perceived through the senses. They grow by receiving impressions from the world of the senses which become inner responses, images in the soul, gain rhythms and go through transformations in their inner life. They flower when they read, when they sense the world's thought in those images, and this thought lets new flowers arise in every thinking human being.
Human beings all root in one and the same soil of the physical worlds of forms perceived through the senses. It is the same world for all of them, the same soil in which they all grow. And every single human individual draws the energies he needs to develop in his own way from that soil. Individual human beings are many trunks of different kinds that grow from the one soil and take up the energies they need from that one soil to work with them in their own inner life. But up above, where the thoughts come into flower, in the world of thought, all are one great whole, a marvellous swaying, rippling sea of flowers, each flower reflecting the great world-thinking that is one and the same, and each complementing the other, taking its place as a link in the chain, a jewel in a crown of jewels, a wave in the world ocean of thought.
Below, a whole—the physical world. Above, a whole—the world of the spirit. Between them transformation of the lower into the upper in many individuals―the soul world.
The physical world out there is a reflection of the world of the spirit because it is one. The world of the human soul is a reflection of the world of the spirit because it is rich and varied. The whole great world out there becomes a special small world in every human soul, and in emerging from all human souls in thought it once again becomes a great whole. That is how the road goes from the cosmos through the microcosm, to arise as a new, perfected cosmos out of the totality of microcosms.
Die Drei Aspekte der Welt
Wir können in der Welt, die an uns herantritt, in der wir leben, drei Aspekte unterscheiden: erstens, wie sie sich uns von außen zeigt, zweitens, wie wir sie in uns empfinden, und drittens, wie sie selbst im Inneren ist.
Unsere Sinnesorgane vermitteln uns den Aspekt der Welt, wie sie sich uns von außen zeigt, die Welt der Formen und Gestalten in der unorganischen Natur, der Mineralwelt; in der belebten Natur, der Pflanzenwelt; in der empfindenden Natur, der Tierwelt, und in der denkenden Natur, der Menschenwelt. Von außen tritt sie uns entgegen als die Welt der Wahrnehmungen, und wir nehmen diese Welt der Erscheinung, der Wahrnehmung durch unsere Sinnesorgane auf. Unsere Sinnesorgane sind die Pforten, durch welche die äußere Welt der Gestalten zu uns Zutritt hat. Hätten wir unsere Sinnesorgane nicht, so bliebe die Gestaltenwelt für uns ewig ein Unbekanntes, ein Geheimes, ein Okkultes; sie wäre für uns nicht da. Man könnte uns nur davon erzählen und uns lediglich eine annähernd für uns verständliche Beschreibung derselben geben. Aber solange uns die Sinnesorgane fehlten, könnten wir uns niemals eine ganz zutreffende Vorstellung von der äußeren Welt der Formen und Gestalten machen. Was wir jetzt sehend, hörend, fühlend und tastend, durch Geruch und Geschmack aufnehmen, wäre dann für uns nicht da. Die äußere Welt bliebe dann für uns im Dunkel verborgen, und nur ahnen könnten wir sie und nach den Beschreibungen derer, die sie kennen, uns ein annäherndes, aber niemals ein genaues Bild derselben machen. Immer wäre diese Gestaltenwelt eine okkulte Welt für den Menschen geblieben, hätten sich seine Sinne nicht geöffnet, um sie aufzunehmen. Seine Sinne mußten sich erschließen, damit ihm der Zugang zu dieser äußeren Welt möglich wurde.
Das Wahrnehmen der Sinneswelt ist eine Stufe in der Menschheitsentwickelung, die sie früher nicht erreicht hatte. Es gab eine Zeit, wo die Sinnesorgane des Menschen sich noch nicht nach außen aufgetan hatten. Da konnte der Mensch die Gestaltenwelt nicht wahrnehmen; da konnte er nichts draußen wahrnehmen; da lebte er noch ganz in seinem nach der Welt zu abgeschlossenen Inneren. Er lebte ganz ein Innenleben, wie es uns jetzt noch in unseren Empfindungen bekannt ist.
In diesem Innenleben finden wir jetzt noch den zweiten Aspekt der Welt. Durch das Wahrnehmen der äußeren Gestaltenwelt mit unseren Sinnesorganen entstehen in unserem Inneren Empfindungen. Wie wir mit unseren Sinnesorganen die Außenwelt wahrnehmen, so empfinden wir mit unserer Seele die Eindrücke, die uns diese Außenwelt macht. Dadurch wird diese Außenwelt in unserer Seele zu unserer eigenen Innenwelt. In dem Maße, wie unsere Seele und ihre Organe entwickelt sind, wird uns diese eigene Innenwelt zum Bewußtsein kommen. Je höher der Mensch in der Entwickelung steht, desto stärker empfindet er diese Außenwelt auch als Innenwelt in der Seele; je mehr er seine Seelenorgane ausgebildet hat, desto mannigfaltiger gestaltet sich seine Innenwelt, desto reicher sind die Bilder derselben, die in seinem Inneren aufsteigen, desto geordneter und harmonischer durchziehen sie sein Inneres. Um die Außenwelt ganz zu seiner eigenen zu machen, muß der Mensch eine starke, harmonisch ausgestaltete und gegliederte Seele haben, einen ausgebildeten Seelenorganismus. Je vielseitiger der Mensch sein Seelenleben ausgebildet hat, desto mannigfaltiger wird dort die Außenwelt in abwechslungsvollen Bildern auftauchen. Je harmonischer seine Seele ist, desto schöner wird sich die Außenwelt in seiner Seele abspiegeln. In unserer Seele taucht dann die Außenwelt unter und ersteht dort zu einem schönen, harmonischen, lebensvollen, abwechslungsreichen Ganzen.
Während der Mensch im Wachbewußtsein sein Hauptaugenmerk auf die Außenwelt richtet und sie zunächst nur chaotisch als Empfindungen in sich auftauchen spürt, muß er lernen, diese chaotischen Empfindungsvorgänge zu ordnen und zu regeln, sie in bewußte Beziehung zur Außenwelt zu bringen und daraus ein harmonisches Ganzes zu gestalten. Er muß die Innenwelt seiner Seele unter seine Herrschaft bringen lernen. Erst dann wird sie wirklich seine eigene und eigenste Welt, in der er bewußt und nach eigenem Willen leben kann. Im Traumleben taucht der Mensch in seine Innenwelt unter. Da ist er der Sinnenwelt entrückt und ist preisgegeben dem chaotischen Wirbel seiner Empfindungswelt, die in Bildern in ihm auftaucht. In dem Maße, wie sich seine Empfindungen ordnen, werden auch seine Traumbilder geregelt und bedeutungsvoll.
Was nun in ihm zur Innenwelt geworden ist in seiner Seele, das ist der Aspekt der Umwelt, wie er sie empfindet. Dieser steht gegenüber dem Aspekt der Wahrnehmungen, unter dem sich die Umwelt seinen Sinnen zeigt.
Nun besteht die Welt aber noch unter einem andern Aspekt, unter dem Aspekt, wie sie wirklich ist. Es ist der eigentliche Aspekt des wahren Seins der Welt, wie sie in ihrem Inneren ist. Zu diesem Aspekt gelangt der Mensch, wenn er den eingeschlagenen Weg weiter verfolgt. Wenn aus klaren Sinneswahrnehmungen in ihm Empfindungen entstanden sind in seinem Inneren, wenn er diese Empfindungen in harmonische Ordnung und in schönen Rhythmus gebracht hat, dann tragen ihn diese Empfindungen wieder hinaus in die Welt. Sie schlagen eine Brücke von seiner Seele zur Welt, und während die Welt sich in ihn hineinergießt durch seine Sinne, so ergießt sich nun seine Seele in die Welt hinein durch das Denken über die Welt. Seine Empfindungen gießt er hinein in den Gedanken, und sein Gedanke dringt ein in die Umwelt. So ist die Kette geschlossen zwischen Welt und Mensch und zwischen Mensch und Welt.
Die Welt ist draußen, die Empfindung im Inneren des Menschen; der Gedanke ist in beiden. Im Denken vereinigt sich der Mensch ganz mit der Welt. Denn das Weltendenken und sein Denken sind ein Ganzes. So wurzelt die Menschheit mit ihren Wahrnehmungen im sinnlichen Dasein. So wächst sie, indem sie aus der Sinnenwelt Eindrücke empfängt und diese sich in der Seele zu Empfindungen, zu Bildern ordnen, sich rhythmisieren und im seelischen Leben sich umwandeln. So erblüht sie, indem sie aus diesen Bildern und den Wahrnehmungen herausliest, herausempfindet, heraushört den Weltgedanken, der in jedem denkenden Menschen neue Blüten treibt.
Die Menschen wurzeln alle in dem einen Boden der physischen Sinnen- und Gestaltenwelt. Es ist dieselbe Welt für alle, derselbe Boden, aus dem alle herauswachsen. Und jede einzelne Menschenindividualität saugt heraus aus dem gemeinsamen Boden Kräfte zu ihrer besonderen Entfaltung. Viele und verschieden geartete Stamme sind die einzelnen Menschenindividualitäten, die aus dem einen Boden hervorwachsen und, jede in ihrem Seelenleben, die aus dem einen Boden aufgenommenen Kräfte in ihrer besonderen Eigenart verarbeiten. Aber droben zur Blüte gelangend, in der Welt des Gedankens, bilden alle ein großes Ganzes, ein wunderbares wogendes Blütenmeer, jede Blüte eine Widerspiegelung des großen einen Weltendenkens, und eine die andere ergänzend, sich einfügend als Glied in die ganze Kette, als Juwel in eine Krone von Juwelen, als Welle in ein Gedankenweltenmeer.
Unten ein Ganzes: die physische Welt. Oben ein Ganzes: die Geisteswelt. Dazwischen Umwandlung des Unteren in das Obere in vielen Individualitäten: die Seelenwelt.
Ein Spiegelbild der Geisteswelt ist die physische Welt draußen in ihrer Einheitlichkeit. Ein Spiegelbild der Geisteswelt ist die Seelenwelt des Menschen in ihrer Mannigfaltigkeit. Die ganze große Welt draußen wird in jeder Menschenseele eine besondere kleine Welt, und wird, aus allen Menschenseelen im Gedanken heraustretend, wieder ein großes Ganzes. So geht der Weg vom Kosmos durch den Mikrokosmos hindurch, um als neuer, vervollkommneter Kosmos aus den gesamten Mikrokosmen hervorzugehen.
The Three Aspects of the World
We can distinguish three aspects in the world that approaches us, in which we live: first, how it appears to us from the outside; second, how we perceive it within ourselves; and third, how it is within itself.
Our sensory organs convey to us the aspect of the world as it appears to us from the outside, the world of forms and shapes in inorganic nature, the mineral world; in animate nature, the plant world; in sentient nature, the animal world; and in thinking nature, the human world. From the outside, it appears to us as the world of perceptions, and we take in this world of appearances, of perception, through our sensory organs. Our sensory organs are the gateways through which the outer world of forms has access to us. If we did not have our sensory organs, the world of forms would remain forever unknown to us, a secret, an occult; it would not exist for us. We could only be told about it and given a description of it that we could approximately understand. But as long as we lacked the sense organs, we could never form a completely accurate idea of the external world of forms and shapes. What we now perceive through seeing, hearing, feeling, touching, smelling, and tasting would then not exist for us. The external world would then remain hidden in darkness for us, and we could only guess at it and, based on the descriptions of those who know it, form an approximate but never an accurate picture of it. This world of forms would always have remained an occult world for human beings if their senses had not opened up to perceive it. His senses had to open up in order for him to gain access to this outer world.
The perception of the sensory world is a stage in human development that had not been reached before. There was a time when the sensory organs of human beings had not yet opened up to the outside world. Human beings could not perceive the world of forms; they could not perceive anything outside themselves; they still lived entirely in their inner world, closed off from the outside world. They lived entirely an inner life, as we still know it today in our feelings.
In this inner life we still find the second aspect of the world. Perceiving the external world of forms with our sensory organs gives rise to feelings within us. Just as we perceive the external world with our sensory organs, so we feel with our soul the impressions that this external world makes on us. In this way, the external world becomes our own inner world in our soul. To the extent that our soul and its organs are developed, we become aware of this inner world of our own. The higher a person is in their development, the more strongly they perceive this external world as an inner world in their soul; the more they have developed their soul organs, the more diverse their inner world becomes, the richer the images of it that arise within them, and the more orderly and harmonious they permeate their inner being. In order to make the outer world completely his own, man must have a strong, harmoniously developed and structured soul, a developed soul organism. The more versatile a person has developed their soul life, the more diverse the outer world will appear there in varied images. The more harmonious their soul is, the more beautifully the outer world will be reflected in their soul. The outside world then submerges into our soul and emerges there as a beautiful, harmonious, lively, varied whole.
While in waking consciousness the human being focuses his attention primarily on the outer world and initially feels it emerging chaotically as sensations within himself, he must learn to order and regulate these chaotic processes of sensation, to bring them into conscious relation to the outer world and to form a harmonious whole out of them. He must learn to bring the inner world of his soul under his control. Only then does it truly become their own, most personal world, in which they can live consciously and according to their own will. In their dream life, people immerse themselves in their inner world. There they are removed from the sensory world and are exposed to the chaotic whirlwind of their world of sensations, which appears in images within them. As his feelings become more orderly, his dream images also become more orderly and meaningful.
What has now become his inner world in his soul is the aspect of the environment as he perceives it. This stands in contrast to the aspect of perceptions, under which the environment reveals itself to his senses.
But now the world also exists under another aspect, under the aspect of how it really is. It is the actual aspect of the true being of the world, as it is in its innermost being. Man reaches this aspect when he continues to follow the path he has taken. When clear sensory perceptions have given rise to feelings within him, when he has brought these feelings into harmonious order and beautiful rhythm, then these feelings carry him back out into the world. They build a bridge from his soul to the world, and while the world pours into him through his senses, his soul now pours into the world through his thinking about the world. He pours his feelings into his thoughts, and his thoughts penetrate the environment. Thus the chain is closed between the world and man and between man and the world.
The world is outside, feelings are inside man; thoughts are in both. In thinking, man unites completely with the world. For the world's thinking and his thinking are one. Thus, humanity is rooted in sensory existence with its perceptions. It grows by receiving impressions from the sensory world and arranging them in the soul into feelings and images, giving them rhythm and transforming them in the life of the soul. Thus it blossoms by reading, feeling, and hearing out of these images and perceptions the world thought that blossoms anew in every thinking human being.
All human beings are rooted in the one soil of the physical world of senses and forms. It is the same world for all, the same soil from which all grow. And each individual human personality draws forces from this common soil for its own particular development. The individual human personalities are many and varied stems growing out of the one soil, each processing in its own soul life the forces absorbed from the one soil in its own particular way. But reaching their blossoming point above, in the world of thought, they all form a great whole, a wonderful, undulating sea of blossoms, each blossom a reflection of the great one world thought, and one complementing the other, fitting into the whole chain as a link, as a jewel in a crown of jewels, as a wave in a sea of thought worlds.
Below, a whole: the physical world. Above, a whole: the spiritual world. In between, the transformation of the lower into the higher in many individualities: the world of souls.
The physical world outside, in its uniformity, is a reflection of the spiritual world. A reflection of the spiritual world is the soul world of human beings in its diversity. The whole great world outside becomes a special little world in every human soul, and, emerging from all human souls in thought, becomes a great whole again. Thus the path leads from the cosmos through the microcosm, in order to emerge as a new, perfected cosmos from the entire microcosms.