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Occult Reading and Occult Hearing
GA 156

5 October 1914, Dornach

3. Inner Experiences and ‘Moods’ of Soul as the Vowels and Consonants of the Spiritual World

From what was said yesterday and the day before, you will have realised that occult reading and occult hearing consist in experiences of the soul. I used various comparisons to show how man must become one, firstly with the signs which reveal themselves to the seer in Imagination, and then, needless to say, with what these signs signify of spiritual realities.

I should like to begin to-day by giving you a more precise idea—as far as is possible in the few lectures that can be given, and even although it can only be an approximately precise idea—of what is necessary in order to advance from disordered clairvoyance to the genuine clairvoyance that may be called occult reading and occult hearing.

The first thing of which I will speak may be called the ‘vowels’ of the spiritual world. The way in which man learns to hear and read the ‘vowels’ of the spiritual world is, of course, a far, far more deeply inward process than any process of ordinary life. Many roundabout descriptions are necessary before we can even begin to approach what may be called the experiencing of the vowels, of the intrinsic sounds of the Cosmos. From what I indicated yesterday you will have realised that we can speak of seven such vowels—a symbolic parallelism with the planetary system.

Let us go back once again to the example I gave yesterday: the search for someone who is dead. I took that as a starting-point and tried to describe the kind of experiences through which we gradually grow into the knowledge of the spiritual world. We heard that through the different forms of preparation which the seer has to undergo, he sees, first of all, a series of pictures, and he faces them just as he faces the things of the external world. We face a dream picture, too, just as we face the things of the external world. Only gradually do we learn to identify ourselves with the pictures, to consume them, as it were, to become one with these pictures, to live entirely in them.

But it must be clearly borne in mind that when these pictures finally lead us to find the dead or some other event or being in the spiritual world, they are signs of spiritual realities. As pictures they are realities in themselves; they express spiritual realities.

They are there, these pictures. And now the question must arise: Are these pictures only there when the seer has prepared himself in the right way and is actually able to behold them?

These pictures are not only there under such conditions. And it is very important to keep this in mind. Let us assume that you are sitting or standing somewhere and are sufficiently prepared to be able to see something. A series of fluctuating pictures appears before you. Now suppose that, instead of a seer there is an ordinary person who has no gift of clairvoyance and sees nothing of such pictures but only the pictures of the physical world. Are the pictures not there at all?—They are always there.

Let me put it as I did the day before yesterday. In reality, we are within the bunch of flowers in front of us; our perception of it depends upon its being reflected through our own organism. The moment the trained seer has a spiritual Imagination, he too is within it. In the subsequent procedure—of identifying himself with the pictures—he is simply enacting a process of consciousness; actually, he is within the pictures. Nor does this apply only to a seer; even when a man confronts an object with ordinary physical eyes and ordinary mental activity, not only is he within the physical object—which, as we have seen, is in itself merely an illusion—but he is within the Spiritual. He is always within the spiritual Beings who are not physically incarnate. He is really all the time within those spiritual pictures of which the clairvoyant sees a part. They are always in the environment and we are always within them. They remain imperceptible, invisible, because man's faculty of perception is too dull, too coarse to perceive these delicately weaving beings and formations with the ordinary senses.

But this is speaking in the abstract. We could also ask: All that weaves spiritually around the world—in which we ourselves are—why is it that we do not become aware of it? Why is this?

We begin for the first time to understand why this is so when we have identified ourselves with Imagination, when we actually carry out the process I described yesterday. We really understand, then, why the human being cannot be conscious in the spiritual world that is round about him. What is this experience?

Let us repeat once again.—A series of pictures is arrayed before the soul; we try to identify ourselves with these pictures. We know, then, through the experiences of our own soul, that we consume these pictures, as it were; we are united with these pictures. We now know that this is so.

But at this moment, too, we can answer the question as to why we have to be outside the body, why we have to go out of the body and identify ourselves with the pictures if we are to perceive them. They can only be reflected back from our own etheric body. When this has become an actual experience, we know why it is necessary.

Through our experiences in connection with these pictures with which we have identified ourselves, we know the following.—If, having completely identified ourselves with the pictures, we were to pass back again into the physical body, if we did not remain outside the body and wait until the etheric body reflected the pictures back, then we should take back into the physical body everything with which we had become one—we should take it back into the space that is enclosed by the skin, and we should immediately destroy the physical body to the point of death. The germ of death would be in the physical body. We may not carry into the physical body that with which we have identified ourselves. This can happen only when death comes in reality. When death does really come in earthly existence, the soul has reached the point where it can identify itself with what lives in the external world as Imagination in the natural course of life. But that is death.

So you see, my dear friends, we may take in deep, deep earnestness the great motto which runs through all occult studies. It is the utterance made by all those who have become occultists in the true sense of the world.—The moment genuine clairvoyance is attained, the experience is that of facing death. We reach the Gate of Death.

I have often emphasised this from another side. We learn to know how it is with a human being when he passes through the Gate of Death. Clairvoyance cannot be attained without passing through this most solemn moment which is described by occultists as ‘Standing before the Gate of Death.’

But we must learn something else as well. I have spoken of this from another angle in a lecture-course given at Munich. [The title of the lecture-course was: On Initiation, Eternity and the Passing Moment. (English translation available in typescript.)]

We learn in deepest earnestness to put a question that is a vital question of Spiritual Science. We ask: What is the truth of our existence as human beings, living as we do within the fluctuating web of spiritual Beings which we dare not carry into our physical body because that would always mean the germ of death? Outside, Imaginations are always around us, we are within a sphere of Imaginations ... and they must not pass into us. What comes from these Imaginations into us? Shadow-pictures, reflections, mirror-images—these come as our thoughts, our mental images. Outside, they are the real, full-blooded Imaginations. They reflect themselves in us and we experience them in the weakened, shadowy form of our thoughts and mental images. If we carried them in their full reality into ourselves and not merely had them as reflections, we should at each moment stand before the danger of death.

What does this mean? It means that the cosmic world-order guards us from experiencing, in their full reality, these spiritual Beings and happenings, which are always around us; we are protected, inasmuch as in our everyday consciousness we contact only the shadow-pictures of these spiritual Beings. And yet, a whole number of these Imaginations belong to us, belong to the forces which are creatively active in us. The creative forces that are within us live in this world of Imaginations. We may not experience them in their primal form, but only in the shadowy form in which they are within us as thoughts. This can only happen through someone taking away from us the experiencing of the Imaginations which belong to our thoughts.

They have, nevertheless, to be experienced! But we cannot experience them. They have to be experienced by Beings stronger than we are, by Beings who can endure them in their organisation of spirit-and-soul without coming to the danger of death. Whenever we are thinking, whenever we are active in our life of soul, a spiritual Being must hold sway over us all the time, depriving us of the experience of the Imaginations underlying our thoughts and mental pictures. If you have any thought, any experience in your life of soul, this experience corresponds to a world of Imaginations. And a Being must rule over you, guard and protect you, taking away from you what you yourself cannot accomplish.

Here we have reached a point where we can speak in a more real sense than hitherto, of the Beings of the next higher Hierarchy, of the Angeloi. They are now spiritually comprehensible. We see them there, we see how they must watch and guard what we ourselves are not capable of accomplishing.

But it can and must happen to the seer that he becomes aware with far greater distinctness of what I have just told you. And that is the case when he goes one stage further in his seership.

We spoke yesterday of what leads to identification with the series of pictures which appears before us. The Imaginations are consumed, sucked in. Thereby they disappear as pictures outside us—but we experience them within us, we have become one with them.

But the thing can go still further. I will start by describing the subjective experience. I told you yesterday something which I have repeatedly described. When one is sunk in meditation and concentration, something approaches which one is seeking—a series of pictures arises with which one can identify oneself. I said that something else can happen. When meditation and concentration have called forth these pictures and we have tried to get right into them, the occult reading and hearing, the real perception of the spiritual being of the dead does not necessarily arise. The whole process may break off just like a process in a dream and the consequences may appear only later.

But if we go further, if we have the necessary patience and endurance to make progress in occult development through meditation and concentration, then we experience the process in still another way.

It can be experienced in the following way.—We set ourself the task of observing some being or process in the spiritual world. We sink into meditation or concentration. Thereby we draw ourselves out of the physical world and pass into the condition where the meditation, that is to say, the content of the soul we ourselves have evoked, flows by and we can feel the transition. There seems to be greater darkness ... that which the soul has evoked flows away from the pictures, and they come up again, far, far more vividly than in a dream.

Now we confront them consciously and again dive down into them. Again, there may come a moment when we know: ‘You have now identified yourself with the pictures, you have become one with them, you are within them.’ But we no longer feel our own existence; we feel as though we have sunk into the Cosmos—nevertheless as if we were in universal nullity.

Thus, we have identified ourself with the pictures, have extinguished them—and have got nothing in their place. But now, through the practice of meditation, we have succeeded in not being brought to despair by the belief that we are losing ourselves in Nothingness. We have not the feeling of being utterly forsaken that might easily arise. In short, we plunge, as though swimming in an ocean of nullity, into the Cosmos. And then it is like waking up, but not out of a sleep, out of something with much stronger reality. At the moment of waking, we know: This was not sleep! We have not passed through the emptiness of sleep. Something has happened in the interval, something at which we were present, and now we have wakened again! We have in our consciousness the happenings which we could not experience at the time with full consciousness. But afterwards we know quite definitely that we have experienced them. It is like a memory! We remember something we have gone through not with the ordinary self, but with what transcends the ordinary self. Now it enters our consciousness and we experience that at which we aimed, the task we set ourselves. And now, when we meditate on what has happened, we know: ‘You have gone through something as a thinking being (only “thinking” here has a much higher significance than in the physical world). You have gone through this as a thinking being. But however highly developed you are as a human being, you cannot experience what you have now gone through.’ It is something that the human being himself cannot experience. Therefore, in the time that has transpired between the diving down and the re-emergence, another Being had to take over the function of thinking for you and think in you. You cannot yourself do the thinking. You can only remember afterwards what this Being thought in you. It was an Angelos who was thinking! And we know that in that intervening period we were interwoven with our Angelos. The Angelos experienced it for us and because the Angelos experienced it, our own consciousness was suppressed. Now we waken and remember with the ordinary life of thought what the Angelos experienced in us.

That is the process. This is the way in which, as a rule, spiritual experiences are attained. We attain them in such a way that we know: We must first pass into a condition where a Being of the next higher Hierarchy enters into us, identifies himself with us. What we cannot do in our own weakness, we can do through a Being of the next higher Hierarchy who is within us—but our consciousness is suppressed. We cannot have the experience in its immediate reality, but we have it afterwards, in memory and in full Ego-consciousness.

And so, it is that the spiritual experiences vouchsafed to us are experienced at one time, but we become conscious of them at another.

I spoke of an experience I had concerning our dear friend Christian Morgenstern—a real experience, needless to say. But we become conscious of such an experience afterwards, because a Being of the next higher Hierarchy must take over the function of knowledge during the actual experience.

Again, you will understand why this must be. If we were to bring into our own organism what a Being of the higher Hierarchies experiences in us we should not only kill our organism, but we should burst it, as through an explosion, into its very atoms. If we carried down these experiences into our own organism we should not only bring about its death, but simultaneously, its cremation.

Now you see again that seership brings us into connection with what we call the Gate of Death. We can really only know what death signifies by raising ourselves to that life of soul which can come from the experiences described. [See the lecture-course entitled, The inner Nature of Man and Life between Death and a new Birth. (Obtainable from Rudolf Steiner Press.)]

Only thereby can we understand the human individuality when it is outside the physical body. But then we also know how it has to be received into the higher Hierarchies—in order that it shall not work as a destroying, death-bringing force to a being of the physical plane, our own being, to begin with. The feeling of the human soul resting in the bosom of a Being of the higher Hierarchies becomes real, infinitely real. Now for the first time we get to know how things appear on yonder side of death. We know: Here in our earthly life we are surrounded by minerals, plants, the animal and the human kingdoms. On yonder side of death we enter the realm of the higher Hierarchies, to whose environment we belong just as here we belong to the environment of the physical beings around us. A feeling of kinship with the Beings of the higher Hierarchies comes into our soul. Then we learn to know that true entrance into the spiritual world is simply not possible without bringing in its train feelings of piety, feelings of being given up to the higher, spiritual world. But these feelings have the nuances I have described.

This is able to evoke a necessary ‘mood’ of soul. I can only express it by calling it that mood of soul in which we feel ourselves resting in the spiritual worlds. We need this mood of soul for any real experience of the spiritual worlds, just as here, in the physical world, in order that we may be able to understand our fellow-man, we have to use the larynx and other organs of speech, to utter the sound EE. What makes it possible in ordinary human speech to utter the sound EE, produces, in the higher worlds, the experience that flows from devotion. This kind of devotion is one of the vowels of the higher worlds. We can perceive nothing, read nothing, hear nothing in the higher worlds unless we can hold this mood of soul—and then wait for what the Beings of the higher worlds have to impart to us because we bring to them this mood of soul.

It is out of these moods of soul, out of this attitude to the higher worlds that the vowels of the Cosmos are composed.

If there is this feeling: Around you is a world but you cannot live in it with your feeble human powers. What surrounds you while you live in your physical body can be perceived only in the shadow-pictures of your thoughts and concepts, or rather is reflected by them. You may not experience these Imaginations directly. Your Guardian Angel must take this experience away from you in your ordinary life.—When a man feels this inwardly, with the necessary timbre of inner piety, he is able to become aware of one of the vowels of the spiritual world.

A next stage depends upon the development of something I indicated in my book, The Threshold of the Spiritual World. We grow into the spiritual world as I have there described. The process is that we emerge from ourselves as it were and identify ourselves with another being. But this is not sufficient, in no way is it sufficient. It is necessary not only to be able to identify ourselves with other beings but also to be able to transform ourselves into other beings, so that we do not merely remain what we are, but are able to metamorphose ourselves into other beings, actually to become that into which we penetrate.

A good preparation for this faculty is to practise over and over again a loving interest in everything that is around us in the world. It is impossible to express how infinitely significant it is for the developing occultist to awaken this loving interest for everything in the surrounding world. This is a hint that is, unfortunately, not usually taken deeply enough, hence the lack of success that often attends occultism. It is only too natural for the necessary power of interest to be maintained only in oneself. Even if a man will not admit it, the necessary power of interest is applied only to himself. It may be given another name, but none the less there is very little real interest in other things, and by far the greatest for oneself.

It must of course be said that cosmic law decrees that a man must have interest in himself, and indeed it requires great effort not to be interested the whole time in himself. It is after all a natural part of life on the physical plane. I will ignore the fact that if we have some illness, pain or disorder, this interest is always there. It cannot be otherwise. In such a case, of course, efforts might make it possible for a man not to be interested in himself—but that is extremely difficult. It might happen that a man falls ill and is not especially interested in the fact that he has this illness; he may be quite indifferent to it. What does interest him may be how this illness has arisen out of the whole Cosmos, how at some point in the Cosmos something arose that now is within his own skin. In such a case the man is interested in a severe illness in the same way as if it were something outside himself I

You will admit that what I have described is very difficult. And so it is with most things, at least on the physical plane. It is very difficult to take the most ordinary things we experience in our senses and thoughts as if we were standing outside them as objects. But this is just what we must try to do. And because it is so difficult it is not as a rule attempted. But everyone may be sure that if with great zeal he carries out the exercises described in the book, Knowledge of the Higher Worlds, he will gradually attain this knowledge.

But for this we must adopt the standpoint therein described—the exercises are not practised at all adequately. The knowledge will be attained only along by-paths because it is extremely difficult. It will be attained in the same measure in which interest in our own self decreases, so that we are no longer an interesting subject for ourselves, but an interesting object. That does no harm; it is indeed very useful because we ourselves are an object which is always to hand—only it must not be confused with the subject!

Now in the same measure in which we ourselves begin to become an object, we begin to be interested in everything outside us, and then we develop loving interest in the world and its phenomena. When the loving devotion to the world and its phenomena develops more and more, the mood of soul is able to intensify to the point where we not only pass out of ourselves but are able to metamorphose ourselves into other beings. Gradually we become capable of this. But such things are difficult for the soul of man and all kinds of help must be sought if this loving devotion is to exist.

I will indicate something that can be a help. A beginning can be made by making the physical world a motive for a kind of occult reading. I have often given an example from which it is good to start. If we confront a human being and look at his countenance, we realise: this boundary of the skin, these lines, what the eye sees—that is not the essential, that is the physiognomic expression of the indwelling soul. And if we had a drawing of the lines—the lines would not be the essential, but the soul which has given itself these lines as its form. And then we can look at external nature around us as though it too were an outer physiognomy. Materialistic investigators face the things of external nature just as if one were to say of a human being: ‘To talk of an indwelling soul is unreal, it is fantastic superstition. All that concerns me are the forms that can be measured and investigated.’

This is how ordinary men investigate external nature. But we can say to ourselves: Just as it comes naturally to see a man's countenance as the physiognomy of his soul, so we can look at the whole of external nature, not in the ordinary way but as the physiognomy of spiritual Beings behind it. And it is good here to look at the whole world of animals as the physiognomy of outer nature. It requires further insight and study not to see in the animals what is usually seen but to see in them something that may be conveyed in the following words.—

There is the eagle, flying towards the Sun; that is the direction upwards, into the spiritual worlds. I will take you, the eagle, as the symbol of rising into the spiritual worlds. I look at the human brow and see something suggesting the eagle-nature, something that is striving upwards into the spiritual worlds. I see how what is expressed in the human soul gives the physiognomy. The eagle is part of the physiognomy of external nature. In the soaring eagle I see something suggestive of the brow in the human countenance. I look at a bull and see how it is bound to the Earth as it chews its food, how it is only in its real element when it is given over entirely to the process of digestion, how in its whole life-process it is bound up with what it takes from the Earth. The bull suggests earthly gravity to me. Then I look at the human being and feel, spiritually: There too there is something of earthly gravity, but it is held in check, kept in equilibrium by the eagle nature in man. I feel how the bull nature is also in man, but it does not express itself in the same way as in the bull itself. The bull nature- is seen to be a physiognomic expression. So, too, is it with the lion nature when I contemplate the heart in man and compare it with the lion in external nature. In this way we can look at the whole world of the higher and lower animals.

There have been men who have related eagle, bull and lion to the human soul and they have made drawings. Such men have attempted to read what is written in the animal world and to glean from it—but in this case separated into its single letters—what is experienced as a totality in connection with the human being. Briefly, we can say: The physiognomy of nature is the animal world.

But it is not only the physiognomy which interests us when we contemplate the human being. When we try to go more deeply into the soul, we are interested in what we call the facial expressions. When the physiognomy is in movement, we come nearer to the soul through the play of facial expressions than through the physiognomy as such. Again, in external nature we can find this play of expression of the spiritual world behind. We find it when we look at the world of plants, at its shades of colour, its budding in spring, its blossoming throughout the summer. The Earth first thrusts it out and then, from the other side, the forces of the spheres enter into it, charming forth living movements in its infinite blossoming, growing and greening. When we look at this world of plants and relate it to a spiritual reality of the Cosmos behind it just as we relate a man's facial expressions to his soul—then this again is an exercise.

Thus, we can say: The plant world is the mien of nature. And then come gestures, movements which emanate from the soul. Just as we can call the animal world the physiognomy of nature, the plant world the mien of nature, so we can now see the forms of the mineral world as the gestures of nature. And to one who is practising occult reading and hearing in the real way, it is one of the most beautiful things that can happen to him to experience the mineral world in such a way that in the forms of the surface-boundaries of the minerals, in their characteristic relations to the Cosmos outside, in their iridescence, transparency, in the crystalline clarity of the quartz, of the lime-salts, of emerald and chrysoprase, he sees the infinitely diverse gestures of the spiritual Beings behind nature.

If we carry out such exercises, if we can really experience in the otherwise dead stones what is expressed through this dead mineral kingdom and is as if a soul were expressing in living gesture what lives in it—this is a help towards acquiring loving interest for all the beings that are around us. Then we gradually reach a stage of development in which—when the attainment of seership is possible—we are also able to transform ourselves into the beings around us. We realise that we have the power to do this. We can transform ourselves into all other human beings, but practice is necessary in the way described. The human being is capable of infinite metamorphoses in this connection.

Again, we can put a question, but before doing so let me speak of the feelings that are bound up with what I have described. The first experience brings about an attitude to the Hierarchies; the consciousness of being protected becomes a feeling that is suffused with piety. The feeling of being able to transform oneself into all the diverse beings brings respect for the humanity of man. We learn to value it in all its preciousness—the humanity that we do not find in the physical world, that we do not find in ourselves, but only find when we have really become another being. The feeling that necessarily accompanies the faculty of transformation does not lead us to pride, for every single transformation tells us that we are not as worthy as the being into whom we must transform ourselves. Realisation of the faculty of transformation means, at the same time, humility. A feeling of deep religious humility is bound up with the realisation of the faculty of transformation.

But another question can be raised. We evoke these powers of transformation from our inner being. Are they, then, within us all the time? Yes; just as the Imaginations we call up in the way described yesterday and today are always around us, so too are these powers of transformation always within us. But in order to have conscious control of them, we must develop in the way I have told you. At every moment we are not only ourselves but every other being as well. It is only that we do not develop our consciousness highly enough. We shall best understand this by thinking of the cases in life where a man on the physical plane transforms himself into another being.

On the physical plane, of course, man uses the forces which are in other circumstances the forces of transformation. But he uses them without knowing anything of them. He uses them every time he dominates his fellow-men by unjustifiably exerting his will over them, every time he does injustice to his fellow-men. This incorporates into his fellow-man something that is unjustified. He gains a certain power thereby because the lie goes on living in the other man.

So is it whenever evil is done. The forces with which some evil is done in the world are these same forces of transformation, but in the wrong place. Everything evil in the world is the unlawful application of these powers of transformation. Profound insight into the secret of existence arises when we know whence come the injustice, evil, crime and sin that happen in the world. They happen because the best and most holy powers which exist in man, the powers of transformation, are applied in the wrong way. There would be no evil in the world if there were not these most holy powers of transformation.

Even in a public lecture 1 once indicated this mystery of the power of evil, saying that it is the distorted application of the power which, in its proper place, would lead to the highest good. [The title of the lecture was: Evil in the light of Knowledge of the Spirit. Berlin, x 5th January, 1914. (Not yet available in English translation.)] This mood in the soul which comes when we know: Here in each human soul is something which on the one side can transform itself into all beings, and on the other, into egoism ... this is the mood with which we must confront the Cosmos if it is our aim to have spiritual hearing. That is a second vowel.

The mood we can have in regard to the mystery of evil as I have presented it to you, is the third vowel—what we experience when we know whereby a man may become evil. If we understand the mystery that it is the highest forces that in evil are applied in a distorted way, then we have the mood of a third cosmic vowel. These moods of soul must be actually experienced.

Thus, we have spoken of three cosmic vowels. It has taken some time to-day; we will speak of the others tomorrow. I had first to speak of the principle that is essential for establishing in inner experience that relationship to the Cosmos whereby, in dedicating our own powers of soul, we become hearers and readers of what is happening out yonder in the spiritual world.

Dritter Vortrag

Aus den Auseinandersetzungen, die wir gestern und vorgestern gepflogen haben, werden Sie ersehen haben, daß okkultes Lesen und okkultes Hören in Erlebnissen der menschlichen Seele bestehen. Ich habe verschiedene Vergleiche gebraucht, um darzulegen, wie man eins werden muß erstlich schon mit den Zeichen, die sich in der Imagination dem Seher darbieten, und dann selbstverständlich des weiteren mit dem, was diese Zeichen von geistigen, von spirituellen Realitäten bedeuten.

Ich möchte Ihnen nun zunächst eine genauere Vorstellung geben soweit das bei der Kürze, die durch die wenigen Vorträge, die gehalten werden können, möglich ist, und wenn das auch wegen der Kürze der Zeit nur eine annähernde Vorstellung sein kann - von all dem, was notwendig ist, um vom ungeordneten Hellsehen aufzusteigen zu geregeltem wirklichem Hellsehen, das man eben okkultes Lesen, okkultes Hören nennen kann. Das erste, was ich auseinandersetzen möchte, könnte man nennen den Vokalismus der geistigen Welt. Die Art, wie man gewissermaßen - es ist natürlich doch im Grunde vergleichsweise ausgedrückt - die Vokale der geistigen Welt hören und lesen lernt, das ist natürlich ein viel innerlicherer Prozeß, als alle Prozesse des gewöhnlichen Lebens sind, und wir werden durch mancherlei Umschreibungen uns nur nähern können demjenigen, was man Erleben der Vokale, der Selbstlaute des Kosmos nennen könnte. Aus dem, was ich gestern angedeutet habe, werden Sie auch ersehen haben, daß man von sieben solchen Vokalen sprechen kann; denn wir können sie symbolisch parallelisieren mit dem planetarischen System.

Nun gehen wir noch einmal zurück auf das, was ich gestern beispielsweise erwähnt habe: das Aufsuchen eines Toten. Davon bin ich ja ausgegangen. Ich versuchte bei dieser Gelegenheit namentlich die Art der Erlebnisse zu erörtern, durch die man allmählich hineinwächst in das Erfahren der geistigen Welt. Wir haben gehört, daß man zunächst durch die verschiedenen Vorbereitungen, die der Seher durchzumachen hat, dazu kommt, eine Bilderreihe zu schauen. Dieser Bilderreihe steht man im Grunde genommen eigentlich so gegenüber wie den Dingen der Außenwelt. Man steht auch einem Traumbild so gegenüber wie den Dingen der Außenwelt. Erst nach und nach gelangt man dazu, wie wir gesehen haben, sich zu identifizieren mit den Bildern, sie gleichsam aufzuzehren, eins zu werden mit diesen Bildern, ganz darin zu leben in diesen Bildern.

Nun aber muß man genau ins Auge fassen, wenn man wirklich den geistigen Realitäten gegenübersteht - das heißt, wenn diese Bilder zuletzt dazu führen, sagen wir, den Toten zu finden oder irgendein anderes Geschehnis oder Wesen der geistigen Welt, wie das gestern erörtert worden ist -, daß das Zeichen sind von spirituellen Realitäten. Dann sind sie als Bilder eben selber Realitäten, die selber eine spirituelle Wirklichkeit ausdrücken. Und die Bilder sind eine Wirklichkeit, denn sie sind da, diese Bilder.

Die Frage muß nun entstehen: Sind denn diese Bilder nur dann da, wenn der Seher sich entsprechend vorbereitet und es dazu bringt, diese Bilder zu schauen? Sie sind nicht nur dann da, diese Bilder, und das ist sehr wichtig, daß man das ins Auge faßt. Nehmen Sie an, Sie stünden oder säßen irgendwo, Sie wären genügend vorbereitet, irgend etwas zu schauen, und eine Bilderreihe träte so fluktuierend, ablaufend vor Ihre Seele. Wenn nun, statt daß ein Seher sich in dieser Lage befindet, ein anderer Mensch dazu kommt, diese Bilderreihe zu schauen, der gar nichts von Sehergabe hat und nur die gewöhnlichen Bilder von der physischen Welt in seiner Umgebung sieht sind dann diese Bilder nicht da? Sie sind immer da, sie sind richtig immer da.

Anders gesprochen, wie ich es vorgestern auseinandergesetzt habe: Wir sind in Wirklichkeit in diesem Bukettchen drinnen; daß wir es wahrnehmen, beruht auf der Spiegelung durch unseren eigenen Organismus. In dem Augenblick, wo der Seher, ausgehend von seiner Vorbereitung, dazu kommt, ein entsprechendes Geistiges imaginativ vor seiner Seele zu haben, da ist er auch darinnen. Durch die spätere Prozedur, sich damit zu identifizieren, vollführt er nur einen Bewußtseinsprozeß; in Wahrheit ist er drinnen. Aber nicht nur der Seher ist darinnen, sondern auch jeder andere Mensch. Wenn man mit den gewöhnlichen physischen Augen und dem physischen Vorstellen einem Gegenstand gegenübersteht, ist man nicht nur in dem physischen Gegenstand darin - der ja, wie wir gesehen haben, überhaupt nur eine Täuschung ist -, sondern man ist auch in dem geistigen Wesen drin. Man ist immer auch in den geistigen Wesen, die nicht physisch verkörpert sind, drinnen. Also in den Bildern, von denen der Seher ein Stück schaut, steckt der Mensch immer darin. Sie sind immerzu in der Umgebung da, der Mensch steckt immer darin. Sie bleiben unwahrnehmbar, unsichtbar aus dem Grunde - könnte man abstrakt sagen -, weil das menschliche Wahrnehmungsvermösgen zu dumpf und zu grob ist, um diese feinen, webenden Wesenheiten und Gebilde mit seinen gewöhnlichen groben Sinnen wahrzunehmen.

Das ist abstrakt gesprochen. Wir könnten aber noch ein anderes Warum aufwerfen: Warum ist es überhaupt so in der Welt, daß wir das, was geistig in der Welt herumflutet, in dem wir doch darinnen sind, nicht wahrnehmen? Warum ist es eigentlich so? Warum das so ist, das erfährt man erst, wenn man anfängt, sich zu identifizieren mit den Imaginationen, wenn man den Prozeß wirklich ausführt, den ich gestern besprochen habe. Dann erfährt man, warum der Mensch nicht bewußt darin sein kann in der geistigen Welt, die doch rings um ihn herum ist. Wie erfährt man es?

Noch einmal sei es gesagt: Eine Bilderreihe steht vor der Seele. Man versucht, sich zu identifizieren mit ihr, man verdaut sie gleichsam, man vereinigt sich mit der Bilderreihe, man ist in ihr nunmehr. Das weiß man jetzt. Nun kann man sich aber auch in diesem Augenblick die Frage beantworten, warum man denn nun eigentlich aus seinem Leibe draußen bleiben muß, warum man sozusagen hinausgehen muß aus seinem Leibe, draußen sich identifizieren muß mit der Bilderreihe, wenn man sie wahrnehmen will, und sie nur, wie wir gesehen haben, zurückgespiegelt erhalten kann vom eigenen Ätherleib. Man erfährt, warum das notwendig ist, warum das so eingerichtet ist in der Welt, wenn man es erlebt.

Durch das, was man nun mit diesen Bildern erlebt, wenn man sich mit ihnen identifiziert hat, weiß man unmittelbar dieses: Würde man jetzt identisch, identifiziert mit der Bilderreihe, zurückgehen in den physischen Leib, würde man nicht draußen bleiben und warten, bis der Ätherleib das Wesen der Bilder spiegelt, würde man alles das, womit man eins geworden ist, in seinen physischen Leib hineintragen, also in den Raum, der von der Haut umschlossen ist, so würde man sofort den physischen Leib bis zur Todesreife zerstören. Es würde sofort der Keim des Todes im physischen Leibe sein. Es ist nicht möglich, dasjenige, womit man sich da identifiziert hat, hineinzutragen in den physischen Leib. Der Mensch kann sich nur damit identifizieren, wenn der Tod wirklich eintritt. Wenn der Tod im Erdendasein wirklich eintritt, dann ist die Seele so weit, daß sie sich identifizieren kann mit dem, was draußen als Imagination lebt im natürlichen Verlauf des Lebens. Dann tritt aber eben auch der Tod ein.

Also Sie sehen, man kann in tiefstem Ernst dasjenige nehmen, was wie ein Motto gewaltiger Art durch alle okkulten Betrachtungen hindurchgeht. Das ist der Ausspruch, den alle Okkultisten getan haben, die wirklich im echten, wahren Sinne des Wortes Okkultisten geworden sind: Man gelangt in dem Augenblick, wo man zum wirklichen Hellsehen kommt, zu einem Erlebnis, durch das man dem Tod gegenübersteht. Man gelangt an die Pforte des Todes. - Ich habe das oftmals von andern Seiten her betont: man lernt erkennen, wie es mit dem Menschen steht, wenn er durch die Pforte des Todes schreitet. Man kann nicht zum Hellsehen kommen, ohne diesen ernsten, gewaltigen Augenblick durchzumachen, der von den Okkultisten als das Stehen an der Pforte des Todes bezeichnet wird.

Aber man lernt noch etwas anderes. Ich habe in einem Münchner Vortragszyklus schon einmal darauf hingedeutet, aber von einer andern Seite. Man lernt nämlich nunmehr in tiefstem Ernst eine Frage aufwerfen, die eine Lebensfrage der Geisteswissenschaft ist. Man lernt die Frage aufwerfen: Ja, wie steht es denn eigentlich mit uns Menschen, da wir doch im Grunde immerfort leben im fluktuierenden Gewebe geistiger Wesenheiten, das wir nicht in unseren physischen Leib hineintragen können, ohne den Todeskeim hineinzutragen? Draußen sind wir immer umgeben von Imaginationen, wir sind gleichsam in einer Sphäre von Imaginationen drinnen; die dürfen aber nicht in uns herein. Was kommt denn von diesen Imaginationen in uns herein? Schattenbilder, Reflexionen, Spiegelbilder, als unsere Gedanken, als unsere Vorstellungen. Da draußen sind die vollsaftigen realen Imaginationen. Sie spiegeln sich in uns, wir erleben sie in der abgeschwächten, schattenhaften Form unserer Gedanken und Vorstellungen. Würden wir sie in ihrer Vollsaftigkeit hereintragen in uns, würden wir sie nicht bloß zur Spiegelung bringen, so würden wir in jedem Augenblick vor der Gefahr des Todes stehen.

Was liegt denn da eigentlich vor? Es liegt nichts Geringeres vor, als daß wir durch die Welteneinrichtung davor bewahrt werden, die geistigen Wesenheiten und Vorgänge, die uns umgeben, in ihrer Vollsaftigkeit zu erleben. Wir sind geschützt dadurch, daß uns im gewöhnlichen Alltagsbewußtsein nur Schattenbilder dieser vollsaftigen geistigen Wesenheiten berühren. Und doch, eine ganze Summe von diesen Imaginationen gehört zu uns, gehört zu den Kräften, die schöpferisch an uns tätig sind. In dieser Welt der Imaginationen leben die Schöpferkräfte in uns selber. Wir dürfen sie nicht in der ursprünglichen Form erleben, nur in der abgeschatteten Form, in der sie als Gedanken in uns sind. Das kann nur dadurch sein, daß uns jemand im gewöhnlichen Erleben abnimmt dieses Erleben der Imaginationen, die zu unseren Gedanken gehören. Erlebt müssen sie doch werden. Wir können sie nicht erleben, erlebt müssen sie von stärkeren Wesen werden, als wir sind, von solchen Wesen, die sie ertragen können in ihrer Geist-Seelenorganisation, ohne daß sie in die Gefahr des Todes kommen. Während wir denken, während wir mit unserer Seele leben, muß fortwährend ein Wesen über uns walten, welches uns das Erleben der unseren Gedanken und Vorstellungen zugrunde liegenden Imaginationen abnimmt. Haben Sie irgendeinen Gedanken, irgend etwas, was Sie in Ihrer Seele erleben, so entspricht diesem Erlebnis eine Welt von Imaginationen draußen. Und ein Wesen muß über Ihnen walten, das Sie gleichsam beschützt, behütet und bewacht, das Ihnen abnimmt, was Sie nicht selber ausführen können.

Jetzt sind wir an einer Stelle, wo wir in noch realerem Sinne, als es bisher geschehen ist, von den Wesenheiten der nächsthöheren Hierarchie, von den Angeloi sprechen können. Da sind sie gleichsam zum Greifen nahe, diese Wesen. Da sehen wir, wie sie wachen und behüten müssen dasjenige, was wir nicht selber ausführen können. Aber es kann eintreten, und muß eintreten für den Seher, daß er das, was ich eben gesagt habe, noch viel, viel deutlicher wahrnimmt. Das ist dann der Fall, wenn er eine Stufe weitergeht in seinem Sehertum.

Wir haben gestern ja dasjenige erwähnt, was dazu führt, sich zu identifizieren mit der Imagination, der Bilderreihe, die vor uns auftritt. Dieses Identifizieren wird so erlebt, daß man gleichsam die Imagination verdaut, sie in sich aufsaugt. Dadurch verschwindet sie als Imagination, die außer uns steht, aber wir erleben uns in ihr, wir sind eins mit ihr. Aber es kann die Sache noch weiter gehen. Ich will zunächst von der Schilderung des subjektiven Erlebens ausgehen. Ich habe gestern gesagt, man kommt zu dem, was ich wiederholt beschrieben habe, wenn man sich in Meditation, in Konzentration versenkt. Da kommt man dazu, eine solche Bilderreihe zu erleben, mit der man sich identifizieren kann. Ich habe schon gestern erwähnt, daf3 wenn man durch Meditation und Konzentration hervorgerufen hat eine solche Bilderreihe, den Versuch gemacht hat, in diese Bilderreihe gleichsam hineinzukriechen, daß dann gar nicht gleich das okkulte Lesen und Hören auftreten muß, das wirkliche Wahrnehmen der geistigen Wesenheit des Toten, den man sucht. Es kann abbrechen, wie ein Vorgang im Traume abbricht, und später kann das eintreten, was als Folge eintreten soll.

Aber wenn man immer weiter und weiter schreitet, wenn man die nötige Geduld und Ausdauer hat, um durch Meditation und Konzentration immer weiterzukommen in seiner okkulten Entwikkelung, dann erfährt man den Vorgang noch in einer anderen Art. Man kann ihn in folgender Weise erleben: Man stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Wesen, einen Vorgang in der geistigen Welt zu beobachten. Man versetzt sich in die Meditation, in die Konzentration. Man zieht sich dadurch heraus aus dem physischen Leib, kommt dann in jenen Zustand, wo der Inhalt der Seele, den man durch die Meditation selber hervorgerufen hat, abflutet, wo man den Übergang verspürt und bemerkt: jetzt wird es gleichsam finster. Was Sie in Ihrer Seele hervorgerufen haben, das flutet ab, und aus dem Unbestimmten taucht eine Bilderreihe auf, lebendiger, viel lebendiger, als die Träume sind.

Jetzt steht man bewußt der Bilderreihe gegenüber. Und wenn man weiß, man steht dieser Bilderreihe gegenüber, dann taucht man bewußt unter. Indem man untertaucht, kann wiederum der Moment eintreten, wo man weiß: Ja, du hast dich jetzt identifiziert mit der Bilderreihe, du bist eins geworden mit ihr, du bist darinnen. Aber man fühlt schon eigentlich sich selbst nicht mehr, man fühlt sich wie untergehend im Weltenall, im Kosmos, man fühlt sich wie im allgemeinen Nichts darin. Man hat sich identifiziert, hat ganz ausgelöscht die Bilderreihe, hat nichts an deren Stelle bekommen. Aber durch die Praxis des Meditierens muß man die Kraft erhalten, daß man nicht verzagt, nicht verzweifelt, nicht dazu kommt zu glauben, man löse sich jetzt auf in die Nichtigkeit. Man hat die Zuversicht, daß man nicht zu dem Gefühl völligen Verlassenseins kommt, zu dem man leicht kommen könnte. Kurz, man taucht, wie in das Nichts hineinschwimmend, in den allgemeinen Kosmos unter. Und dann ist es, wie wenn man aufwachte, aber nicht aus dem Schlaf, sondern aus etwas voll Bewußtem. In dem Moment, wo man aufwacht, weiß man: Das war nicht ein Schlaf, in dem du jetzt warst. Das hast du nicht so durchlebt, wie du die Bewußtseinsleerheit des Schlafes durchlebst. Das war etwas anderes. Da ist etwas geschehen in der Zwischenzeit, etwas, bei dem du dabei warst. Und jetzt bist du wieder aufgewacht. Jetzt kommen in dein Bewußtsein herein diese Geschehnisse, die du nicht voll bewußt erleben konntest, bei denen du aber nachher ganz genau weißt: Du hast sie erlebt. - Es ist wie eine Erinnerung. Man erinnert sich an etwas, das man nicht mit dem gewöhnlichen Selbst durchgemacht hat, das man aber so erlebt hat, daß man aus dem gewöhnlichen Selbst herausgehoben war. Und nun, wo es ins Bewußtsein hereinkommt, da erlebt man das, worauf man ausgegangen ist, worauf man losgesteuert ist, was man zu schauen als Aufgabe sich gestellt hat. Jetzt weiß man, du hast etwas durchlebt, man möchte sagen denkend durchlebt, - «denkend» hat nur hier eine viel höhere Bedeutung als im Physischen -, du hast etwas denkend durchlebt. Aber wenn du auch noch so entwickelt bist als Mensch, was du als Mensch sein kannst, das kann nicht das erleben, was du da durchgemacht hast, während du gleichsam untergetaucht warst in das relative Nichts. Das kann ein Mensch nicht durchdenken, kann er nicht denkend durchleben. Deshalb mußte in der Zeit zwischen dem Untertauchen und dem Wiederauftauchen ein anderes Wesen die Funktion des Denkens für dich übernehmen, in dir drinnen denken. Du kannst nicht selber denken. Du kannst dich nur nachher erinnern, was dieses Wesen, das Angeloswesen, in dir gedacht hat. Man weiß, man war in der Zwischenzeit verwoben gewesen mit seinem Angeloswesen, das hat für einen gedacht, während das Bewußtsein herabgedrückt war. Jetzt wacht man auf, und man erinnert sich mit dem gewöhnlichen Gedankenerleben an das, was der Angelos in einem erlebt und gedacht hat.

Das ist der Vorgang. So erringt man sich in der Regel Erlebnisse geistiger Art, wie die sind, von denen wir öfter gesprochen haben. Man erringt sie so, daß man weiß, man muß erst in einen Zustand kommen, wo ein Wesen der nächsthöheren Hierarchie in einen eintritt, sich selber mit einem identifiziert, so daß man, was man in seiner eigenen Schwäche nicht könnte, durch das in einem ruhende Wesen der nächsthöheren Hierarchie vermag, aber bei herabgedrücktem Bewußtsein. Es darf zunächst nicht erlebt werden in der Realität, sondern erst hinterher in der Erinnerung im vollen IchBewußtsein.

Das macht es, daß eigentlich jene geistigen Erlebnisse, die uns gewährt werden, zu einer gewissen Zeit erlebt, und zu einer anderen Zeit uns bewußt werden. Wenn ich zum Beispiel so etwas erlebt habe, wie ich es erzählt habe über unseren lieben Freund Christian Morgenstern, so haben Sie ein solches reales Erlebnis. Selbstverständlich wird es aber bewußt erst nach dem Erleben, weil während des Erlebens eine Wesenheit der nächsthöheren Hierarchie die Funktion des Wissens übernehmen mußte.

Wiederum können Sie bedenken, warum das so sein muß. Würden wir erst das hereintragen in unseren eigenen Organismus, was in uns ein Wesen der höheren Hierarchie erlebt, dann würden wir nicht nur unseren eigenen Organismus töten, sondern wir würden ihn in seiner Organisation zersprengen in seine Atome. Wir sorgten nicht nur für seinen Tod, sondern im Moment zugleich für seine Verbrennung.

Jetzt sehen Sie wiederum, daß uns das Sehertum in Zusammenhang bringt mit dem, was wir die Pforte des Todes nennen. Man kann sagen, daß man eigentlich das, was Tod ist, was Tod bedeutet, nur dadurch anschauen kann, daß man sich aufschwingt zu den Seelenstimmungen, die herauskommen durch die geschilderten Erfahrungen. Denn dadurch ergreift man die menschliche Individualität außerhalb des physischen Leibes, und man weiß dann, wie sie außerhalb des physischen Leibes sogleich aufgenommen werden muß in den Schoß der Wesenheiten der höheren Hierarchien, damit sie nicht zerstörend, nicht todbringend wird dem eigenen Wesen auf dem physischen Plan. Und real, unendlich real wird das Gefühl des Ruhens der menschlichen Seele im Schoße eines Wesens der höheren Hierarchien. Nun lernt man erst wissen, wie es jenseits des Todes aussieht. Man weiß: Hier auf der Erde sind wir umgeben vom Mineralreich, Pflanzen-, Tier- und Menschenreich. Jenseits des Todes treten wir ein in den Schoß der höheren Hierarchien, deren Umgebung wir ebenso angehören wie hier der Umgebung der uns umgebenden physischen Wesenheiten. Ein gewisses Gefühl der Zusammengehörigkeit mit den Wesen der höheren Hierarchien greift in unserer Seele Platz. Mit diesem Gefühl können wir uns durchdringen. Und wir lernen so recht kennen, daß ein wahrhaftiges Eindringen in die geistigen Welten gar nicht möglich ist, ohne gewisse Gefühle mit sich zu bringen, die man religiös-fromme Gefühle nennen kann, Gefühle des Hingegebenseins an die höhere geistige Welt.

Diese Gefühle, die ich eben geschildert habe, sind so nuanciert, daß sie eine bestimmte Seelenstimmung hervorrufen. Diese Seelenstimmung, die ich nicht anders bezeichnen kann als eine Stimmung des Ruhens im Schoße geistiger Wesenheiten, die braucht man für das wirkliche Erleben der geistigen Welten so, wie man in der physischen Menschenwelt, damit man sich mit den andern Menschen verständigen kann, in die Notwendigkeit versetzt ist, durch seinen Kehlkopf und die anderen Sprechwerkzeuge ein I hervorzubringen. Was in der gewöhnlichen Menschensprache möglich macht, ein I hervorzubringen, das macht in den höheren Welten die Seelenempfindung, die aus der Hingegebenheit fließt. Das Erleben dieser Art von Hingegebensein ist einer der Vokale der höheren Welten. Und man kann nichts wahrnehmen, nichts lesen und hören in den höheren Welten, wenn man nicht gleichsam diese Seelenstimmung hinhalten kann - und dann abwartet, was einem die Wesenheiten der höheren Welten mitzuteilen haben, weil man ihnen diese Seelenstimmung entgegenbringt. Aus solchen Stimmungen der Seele, aus solcher Art den höheren Welten gegenüberzustehen, setzt sich der Vokalismus des Kosmos zusammen.

Also, wenn man das Gefühl hat: Dich umgibt eine Welt, aber du kannst mit deinen schwachen Menschenkräften nicht leben in dieser Welt, es darf dasjenige, was dich da umgibt, indem du in deinem physischen Leibe lebst, nur im Schattenbilde deiner Gedanken und Vorstellungen wahrgenommen werden, oder, besser gesagt, aus dir sich spiegeln, du darfst nicht unmittelbar diese Imaginationen erleben, das muß dir im gewöhnlichen Leben abnehmen das dich schützende Engelwesen - wenn man das innerlich empfindet mit dem nötigen Timbre des innerlichen Frommseins, dann hat man die Fähigkeit, einen der Vokale der geistigen Welt wahrzunehmen.

Eine nächste Stufe hängt davon ab, daß man etwas entwickelt, worauf schon hingedeutet ist in meinem Buche «Die Schwelle der geistigen Welt». Man lebt sich so, wie ich es da beschrieben habe, ein in die geistige Welt. Der Vorgang zeigt ja, daß man gleichsam aus sich selber herauskommt, sich mit anderem identifiziert. Das genügt aber noch nicht, genügt keineswegs. Notwendig ist, daß man sich nicht nur identifizieren kann, sondern daß man sich auch zu verwandeln vermag in andere Wesenheiten, daß man wirklich nicht nur das bleibt, was man war, als man aus sich herausgegangen ist, sondern daß man sich in andere Wesenheiten zu verwandeln vermag, daf man wirklich das werden kann, in das man hineingeht.

Eine gute Vorbereitung, um das zu können, ist das immer und immer wieder Üben des liebevollen Interesses für alles, was uns in der Welt umgibt. Man kann gar nicht sagen, wie unendlich bedeutungsvoll es für den werdenden Okkultisten ist, immer mehr und mehr zu sehen, daß das liebevolle Interesse für alles, was uns in der Welt umgibt, erwacht. Es ist dies ein Wort, das man leider gewöhnlich nicht tief genug nimmt, daher kommen die geringen Erfolge, die oftmals im Okkultismus gemacht werden. Es ist ja im Grunde nur zu natürlich, daß der Mensch in der Regel sich doch mit der nötigen Kraft des Interesses nur für sich selbst interessiert. Wirklich, auch wenn man es nicht recht glauben will und dem Ding einen anderen Namen gibt, am allermeisten interessiert man sich doch für sich selbst, und im allergeringsten Maße für etwas anderes.

Nun muß man allerdings auch sagen, daß durch die Einrichtung des Weltenalls dafür gesorgt ist, daß man immerfort für sich selber Interesse haben muß. Man muß sich wirklich schon anstrengen, um sich nicht fortwährend für sich selber zu interessieren. Denn, nicht wahr, das Leben auf dem physischen Plane bringt es ja mit sich, daß man sich für sich selber interessiert. Ich will absehen davon, daß selbstverständlich, wenn einen eine Krankheit befällt und einem dies oder jenes weh tut oder nicht in Ordnung ist, man sich natürlich für sich interessiert. Da ist das in der Ordnung, da kann man nicht anders, als sich für sich selber interessieren. Es könnte selbst in einem solchen Falle durch Anstrengung errungen werden die Möglichkeit, sich nicht für sich selbst zu interessieren; das ist aber außerordentlich schwierig. Es könnte sein, daß man von einer Krankheit befallen wird und sich eigentlich nicht besonders dafür interessiert, daß man diese Krankheit hat, daß es einem vielmehr im höchsten Grade gleichgültig ist, daß man diese Krankheit hat, aber daß man sich dafür interessiert, wie aus dem ganzen Kosmos heraus so etwas entstehen konnte, wie es dieser Prozeß ist. Das kann einen interessieren, daß da an einem Punkte des Kosmos etwas auftritt, das innerhalb der eignen Haut liegt, also daß man sich so interessierte auch für eine schwere Krankheit, wie man sich interessiert für etwas, was außerhalb von einem selber ist.

Sie werden zugeben, daß das, was ich geschildert habe, recht schwierig ist. Und so ist es auch mit den allermeisten Dingen, die man auf dem physischen Plan erlebt. Es wird schon sehr schwierig, das Allergewöhnlichste, das unsere Sinne erfahren und das unser Denken erfährt, so zu nehmen, wie wenn man außerhalb seiner Haut steht, und es zu betrachten als ein Objekt. Aber gerade das ist es, was man versuchen muß; nur weil es so ungeheuer schwierig ist, so wird es in der Regel gar nicht angestrebt. Wer gewissenhaft und mit Eifer die Übungen macht, die in dem Buche «Wie erlangt man Erkenntnisse der höheren Welten?» beschrieben sind, der kommt nach und nach dazu, bis zu einem gewissen Grade einen solchen Standpunkt zu erreichen, wie er eben geschildert worden ist. Man wird ihn nur auf Umwegen erreichen, weil es unendlich schwierig ist. Aber man wird ihn bis zu einem gewissen Grade erreichen, nämlich in demselben Maße, in dem das Interesse für einen selber abnimmt, so daß man sich nicht mehr ein interessantes Subjekt ist, sondern nur ein interessantes Objekt. Das kann man sein, das schadet nichts, das ist sogar sehr nützlich, sich für sich selbst zu interessieren, wenn man Objekt geworden ist. Aber man verwechsle nur nicht das Objekt-Werden des eigenen Subjektes mit dem Subjekt selbst.

In demselben Maße, in dem man so anfängt, sich Objekt zu werden, beginnt man sich zu interessieren für alles, was außer einem ist, was um einen herum ist. Dann gewinnt man wirklich die liebevolle, interessevolle Hingabe an die Welt und ihre Erscheinungen. Und wenn man dieses liebevolle Sich-Hingeben an die Welt und ihre Erscheinungen immer mehr und mehr ausbildet, dann kann in der Seele diese Stimmung jenen Grad erreichen, der notwendig ist, daß man aus sich herausgehen und sich in andere Wesenheiten verwandeln, metamorphosieren kann. Man gelangt allmählich dazu, solches zu können. Aber man muß, damit dieses liebevolle Sich-Hingeben möglich ist - der menschlichen Seele sind solche Dinge wirklich schwierig -, man muß versuchen, allerlei Unterstützungen zu finden.

Ich will heute eine solche angeben, die einem helfen kann. Man kann nämlich damit beginnen, die physische Welt, die einem ja zunächst gegeben ist, zum Anlaß einer Art von okkultem Lesen zu benützen. Ich habe oftmals ein Bild gebraucht, und es ist gut, von diesem Bild auszugehen. Wenn wir einem Menschen gegenüberstehen und sein Antlitz anschauen, dann sind wir uns klar, daß das, was das Auge sieht, diese Grenzen, diese Linien der Haut, nicht das ist, worauf es ankommt. Worauf es ankommt, das ist die Seele, die hinter diesem physiognomischen Ausdruck lebt. Und wenn man die physiognomischen Linien in Papiermache nachbilden würde, so würden die Linien nicht das sein, worauf es ankommt; auf die Seele kommt es an, die den Linien die Form gibt. So kann man auch das, was in der äußeren Natur uns umgibt, so ansehen, wie wenn es eine äußere Physiognomie wäre. Die materialistischen Forscher und der gewöhnliche Mensch treten den Dingen in der äußeren Natur so gegenüber, wie wenn man von einem Menschen nur die äußere Form studieren würde. Es ist so, wie wenn man von einem Menschen sagen würde: Was da Seelisches darinnen ist, das ist Wischi-Waschi, das ist so ein vertrackter Aberglaube von Phantasten. Mich geht nur das an, was die Formen sind, die man genau messen und untersuchen kann. So untersuchen die gewöhnlichen Menschen die äußere Natur. Aber man kann sich sagen: Wie es naheliegt, das menschliche Antlitz als Ausdruck, als Physiognomie seiner Seele zu sehen, so kann man auch die ganze äußere Natur nicht nur so ansehen, wie sie sich gewöhnlich zeigt, sondern man kann sie als Physiognomie ansehen für das, was dahinter als geistige Wesenheiten steht. Und da ist es gut, als Physiognomie der Natur anzuschauen die ganze Tierwelt.

Nun bedarf es allerdings eines weiteren Gemütsstudiums, um in den Tieren nicht dasjenige zu sehen, was man gewöhnlich sieht, sondern etwas zu sehen, was man so schildern kann: Da fliegt der Adler in der Luft und erhebt sich zur Sonne hin; das ist die Richtung nach aufwärts, in die Höhe, in die geistigen Welten. Ich will den Adler betrachten als das Symbolum des Sich-Erhebens in die geistigen Welten. Ich sehe hinter der menschlichen Hirnschale die Gedanken, die ahnungsvoll, adlerartig emporstreben in die geistigen Welten. Ich sehe, wie sich dieses Emporstreben im aufwärtssteigenden Adler ausdrückt, so wie sich die menschliche Seele ausdrückt in der Physiognomie. Der Adler gehört zur Physiognomie der äußeren Natur. Ich empfinde im aufwärts fliegenden Adler etwas, was so anmutet wie die Stirn in der menschlichen Physiognomie.

Ich schaue mir den Stier an, der wiederkäuend daliegt, an die physische Natur, an die irdische Materie gebunden, wie er sozusagen in seinem Element nur dann in Wirklichkeit lebt, wenn er ganz aufgeht im Verdauen, wie er verbunden bleibt in seinen ganzen Lebensprozessen mit dem, was er der Erde entnimmt. Erdenschwer erscheint er mir. Ich blicke auf den Menschen und fühle im Geiste: da ist auch etwas Erdenschweres, aber es wird durch das Adlerhafte im Gleichgewicht gehalten. Das Stierhafte kommt nicht auf. Ich empfinde, wie das Stierhafte dem Menschen innewohnt; aber es kommt nicht so auf, wie mir draußen das Stierhafte entgegentritt. Physiognomisch wird für den Menschen das Stierhafte, Erdenschwere der äußeren Natur.

Ebenso ist es mit dem Löwenhaften. Physiognomisch ist das Herz des Menschen dasjenige, was der Löwe in der äußeren Natur ist. Und so kann es für die ganze höhere und niedere Tierwelt werden. Ein Abbild, ein Symbolum haben diejenigen uns gegeben, die auf das menschliche Seelenwesen bezogen haben Adler, Stier und Löwe. Sie haben versucht, das zu lesen, was für uns aufgeschrieben ist in der äußeren Tierwelt, und aus ihr zu vernehmen, in einzelne Lettern, einzelne Buchstaben getrennt, dasjenige, was im Menschen zusammen erlebt wird. Kurz, man könnte sagen: Die Physiognomie der Natur ist die Tierwelt.

Aber uns interessiert am Menschen nicht nur die Physiognomie. Uns interessiert, wenn wir noch intimer auf die Seelen einzugehen versuchen, das, was wir die Miene, das Mienenspiel nennen, also dasjenige, was entsteht, wenn die Physiognomie in Bewegung kommt. Da stehen wir gleichsam der Seele, die wir durch das Mienenspiel wahrnehmen, noch näher als der Seele, die wir nur durch die Physiognomie wahrnehmen. Und wiederum können wir auch in der äußeren Natur dasjenige aufsuchen, was Mienenspiel ist der dahinterstehenden geistigen Welt, wenn wir in ähnlicher Weise, wie wir das für die Tierwelt gesehen haben, die Pflanzenwelt betrachten. Wenn wir die Pflanzenwelt betrachten in ihrem Aufblühen im Frühling, in all dem, was sie den Sommer hindurch tut, wie auf der einen Seite die Erde sie herausschickt, wie auf der anderen Seite die Kräfte der Sphären in sie eindringen und herauslocken das lebendige Leben, das erscheint in den unendlichen Nuancierungen der Pflanzenblühungen, -wachsungen und -grünungen mit ihrem Wimmeln und Weben, wenn wir sie so betrachten und sie beziehen auf ein dahinterstehendes geistiges Wesen des Kosmos, so wie wir das Mienenspiel des Menschen auf seine Seele beziehen, dann haben wir wiederum etwas getan, das wir üben sollen. So daß wir sagen können: Die Miene der Natur ist die Pflanzenwelt.

Was wir weiter an der Seele beobachten, was über das Mienenspiel hinausgeht, das sind die Gesten, die aus der Seele herausfließenden Bewegungen. Ebenso, wie wir die Tierwelt als die Physiognomie der Natur bezeichnen können und die Pflanzenwelt als die Miene der Natur, so können wir als die Geste der Natur, als die Gebärde der Natur die Formen der Mineralwelt ansehen. Und es gehört für denjenigen, der in Einzelheiten okkultes Lesen und okkultes Hören üben will, zum Schönsten, was er erleben kann, die mineralische Welt so zu erleben, daß er in der Form der Begrenzungsflächen und ihres eigentümlichen Verhältnisses zum äußeren Kosmos, in dem Durchscheinenden, in der Durchsichtigkeit, in der Kristallhelligkeit des Bergkristalles, des Quarzes, des Kalkspates, des Smaragds, Chrysopras, überall die unendlich verschiedenen Gesten der geistigen Wesen der Natur sich allmählich aneignet.

Wenn man solche Übungen macht, wenn man dahin kommt, daß man wirklich miterleben kann in dem sonst toten Steinreich das, was durch dieses tote Steinreich zum Ausdruck kommt, und was so ist, wie wenn eine Seele in lebendiger Gebärde dasjenige zum Ausdruck bringt, was in ihr lebt, wenn man in solcher Weise übt, dann kommt man sich zu Hilfe in dem Gewinnen von liebevollem Interesse für alle Wesen, die außer einem sind. Dann steigt man allmählich wirklich zu einer solchen Phase, einem solchen Zustande seiner Entwickelung auf, in dem es möglich wird - wenn man sich das Sehertum hinzu erwirbt -, sich auch zu verwandeln in die Wesenheiten draußen. Man merkt, man hat in sich die Kraft, sich in die Wesenheiten draußen zu verwandeln. Man kann sich in alle andern Menschen verwandeln. Der Mensch ist unendlicher Metamorphosen fähig in dieser Beziehung, aber es muß in der geschilderten Weise geübt werden.

Wiederum können wir jetzt eine Frage aufwerfen. Aber bevor ich diese Frage aufwerfe, möchte ich das Gefühlselement dessen, was ich auseinandergesetzt habe, betonen. Bringt uns das erste, was ich erwähnt habe, zu einer Stimmung gegenüber den Hierarchien, zu dem Bewußtsein «du bist beschützt», zu einem Gefühl, das von Frömmigkeit durchschauert ist, so bringt uns das Gefühl, daß man sich verwandeln kann in die verschiedensten Wesenheiten, dazu, die Menschlichkeit der Menschenwesen hochzuachten, sie erst wahrhaftig zu schätzen in ihrer vollen Würde, aber die Menschlichkeit, die man nicht in der physischen Welt in sich hat, sondern die man erst findet, wenn man ein anderer wird. Erlangt man das Gefühl der Verwandlungsfähigkeit wirklich, so kann es einen nicht zum Hochmut bringen; denn jede einzelne Verwandlung sagt einem, daß man nicht so viel wert ist wie das Wesen, in das man sich erst verwandeln muß. Daß man das Gefühl der Verwandlungsfähigkeit hat, bringt einen dazu, demütig zu werden. Ein Gefühl tiefster religiöser Demut ist verbunden mit dem Gefühl der Verwandlungsfähigkeit.

Aber eine andere Frage können wir aufwerfen: Wir rufen aus unserem Inneren diese Kräfte der Verwandlungsfähigkeit heraus; sind sie also nicht fortwährend in uns? Ja, die Kräfte sind immer in uns. Geradeso, wie die Kräfte der Imagination immer in uns sind, wir sie aber hervorrufen müssen, um geistige Wesen wahrzunehmen, so sind auch die Kräfte des Sich-Verwandelns immerfort in uns. Nur, um sie bewußt zu haben, müssen wir sie auf die geschilderte Weise entwickeln. Wir sind in jedem Augenblick nicht nur wir selber, sondern auch jedes andere Wesen, nur entwickeln wir uns nicht dazu, weil wir unser Bewußtsein nicht zu dem andern Wesen erweitern. Warum ist das so? Das wird uns am besten klar, wenn wir einen der Fälle im Leben betrachten, wo der Mensch auf dem gewöhnlichen physischen Plan sich in ein anderes Wesen verwandelt.

Es kommt allerdings vor auf dem physischen Plan, daß man die Kräfte gebraucht, die sonst die Verwandlungskräfte sind. Man gebraucht sie, ohne daß man davon etwas weiß. Man gebraucht sie jedesmal, wenn man seinen Mitmenschen dadurch Unrecht zufügt, daß man seinen eigenen Willen in ungerechtfertigter Weise zum Herrn über andere macht. Es fängt schon damit an, wenn man den anderen anlügt. Durch die Lüge fügt man ihm ein Stück Unrichtiges ein. Man gewinnt eine gewisse Macht über ihn, weil die Lüge in dem anderen weiterwirkt.

So ist es auch, wenn man etwas Böses tut. Die Kräfte, mit denen man etwas Böses tut in der Welt, das sind diese Verwandlungskräfte, nur am unrechten Orte angewendet. Alles Böse in der Welt ist die unrechtmäßige Anwendung dieser Verwandlungskräfte. Es gestattet wahrhaftig, tiefe Blicke hineinzutun in das Geheimnis des Daseins, wenn man weiß, woher das Unrecht, das Böse, das Verbrechen und das Unheil kommt, das in der Welt geschieht. Dadurch geschieht es, daß der Mensch die besten, heiligsten Kräfte, die vorhanden sind, nämlich die Verwandlungskräfte, in verkehrter Weise anwendet. Es gäbe kein Böses in der Welt, wenn es nicht die heiligsten Verwandlungskräfte gäbe. Ich habe sogar einmal in einem öffentlichen Vortrag auf diese Eigentümlichkeit hingedeutet, daß das Böse eine verkehrte Anwendung von Kräften ist, die, an ihrem Ort angewendet, zu einem höchsten Guten führen würden. Diese Stimmung in der menschlichen Seele: Ich weiß, hier in der Seele ist etwas darin, was sich einerseits in alle anderen Menschen und Wesen verwandeln kann, was sich andererseits verwandeln kann in Egoismus -, diese Stimmung muß man entgegenhalten können dem Kosmos, wenn man geistig hören will. Das ist ein zweiter Vokal.

Die Stimmung, die man haben kann gegenüber dem Geheimnis des Bösen, wie ich es jetzt dargelegt habe, das ist der dritte Vokal, also das, was man erlebt, wenn man weiß, wodurch der Mensch böse werden kann. Wenn man dieses Geheimnis kennt, daß es höchste Kräfte sind, die im Bösen in verkehrter Weise angewendet werden, dann hat man die Stimmung eines dritten kosmischen Vokals. Man _ muß solche Seelenstimmungen erleben; das ist es, worauf es ankommt.

So haben wir heute von drei kosmischen Vokalen gesprochen. Von anderen Vokalen werden wir morgen sprechen. Ich mußte heute erst das Prinzip erörtern, auf das es ankommt, damit wir im inneren Erleben jene innere Verwandtschaft zum Kosmos herstellen, wodurch wir in Hingabe unserer eigenen Seelenkräfte zu Hörern und Lesern dessen werden, was draußen in der geistigen Welt vorgeht.

Third Lecture

From the discussions we had yesterday and the day before yesterday, you will have seen that occult reading and occult hearing consist of experiences of the human soul. I have used various comparisons to explain how one must first become one with the signs that appear in the imagination of the seer, and then, of course, with what these signs mean in terms of spiritual realities.

I would now like to give you a more precise idea, as far as is possible in the brevity of the few lectures that can be given, and even if, due to the shortness of time, this can only be an approximate idea, of all that is necessary to ascend from disordered clairvoyance to orderly, real clairvoyance, which can be called occult reading and occult hearing. The first thing I would like to discuss could be called the vocalism of the spiritual world. The way in which one learns to hear and read the vowels of the spiritual world, in a sense – it is, of course, only a comparative expression – is naturally a much more inner process than any of the processes of ordinary life, and we can only approach what might be called the experience of the vowels, the self-sounds of the cosmos, through various descriptions. From what I indicated yesterday, you will also have seen that we can speak of seven such vowels, for we can symbolically parallel them with the planetary system.

Now let us return to what I mentioned yesterday as an example: visiting a dead person. That was my starting point. On that occasion, I tried to discuss the nature of the experiences through which one gradually grows into the experience of the spiritual world. We have heard that, through the various preparations that the seer has to go through, one first comes to see a series of images. Basically, one regards this series of images in the same way as one regards the things of the outer world. One also regards a dream image in the same way as one regards the things of the outer world. Only gradually, as we have seen, does one come to identify with the images, to consume them, as it were, to become one with these images, to live completely in these images.

But now, when one is truly confronted with spiritual realities—that is, when these images ultimately lead, say, to finding the dead or some other event or being of the spiritual world, as was discussed yesterday—one must realize that they are signs of spiritual realities. Then they are themselves realities as images, expressing a spiritual reality. And the images are a reality because they are there, these images.

The question must now arise: Are these images only there when the seer prepares himself accordingly and brings himself to see these images? These images are not only there then, and it is very important to realize this. Suppose you are standing or sitting somewhere, you are sufficiently prepared to see something, and a series of images appears before your soul, fluctuating and flowing. Now, instead of a seer being in this situation, suppose another person comes along to look at this series of images, a person who has no seer's gift and sees only the ordinary images of the physical world around them. Are these images not there? They are always there, they are really always there. In other words, as I explained the day before yesterday: We are actually inside this little bouquet; our perception of it is based on its reflection through our own organism. The moment the seer, based on his preparation, comes to have a corresponding spiritual image in his mind, he is also inside it. Through the subsequent process of identifying with it, he merely carries out a process of consciousness; in reality, he is inside it. But it is not only the seer who is inside, but also every other human being. When one stands before an object with one's ordinary physical eyes and physical imagination, one is not only inside the physical object — which, as we have seen, is only an illusion — but one is also inside the spiritual being. One is always also inside the spiritual beings that are not physically embodied. So in the images of which the seer sees a piece, the human being is always inside. They are always there in the environment; the human being is always inside them. They remain imperceptible, invisible, for the reason—one could say abstractly—that the human faculty of perception is too dull and too coarse to perceive these fine, weaving entities and structures with its ordinary coarse senses.

That is speaking abstractly. But we could raise another question: Why is it that we do not perceive what is floating around in the spiritual world, even though we are in it? Why is it actually like this? You only find out why this is so when you begin to identify with the imaginations, when you actually carry out the process I discussed yesterday. Then one learns why human beings cannot be consciously present in the spiritual world that is all around them. How does one learn this? Let us say it once more: a series of images stands before the soul. One tries to identify with them, one digests them, as it were, one unites oneself with the series of images, and one is now within them. One knows this now. Now, at this moment, one can also answer the question of why one must remain outside one's body, why one must, so to speak, go out of one's body, identify oneself outside with the series of images if one wants to perceive them, and why, as we have seen, one can only receive them reflected back from one's own etheric body. One experiences why this is necessary, why it is arranged this way in the world, when one experiences it.

Through what one now experiences with these images, once one has identified with them, one knows immediately that: If one were now to return to the physical body, identical and identified with the series of images, if one were not to remain outside and wait until the etheric body reflected the essence of the images, if one were to carry everything with which one has become one into one's physical body, that is, into the space enclosed by the skin, one would immediately destroy the physical body to the point of death. The germ of death would immediately be present in the physical body. It is not possible to carry into the physical body that with which one has identified oneself. The human being can only identify with it when death actually occurs. When death actually occurs in earthly existence, the soul is ready to identify with what lives outside as imagination in the natural course of life. But then death also occurs. So you see, one can take in all seriousness what runs through all occult considerations like a powerful motto. This is the statement made by all occultists who have truly become occultists in the genuine, true sense of the word: At the moment when one attains true clairvoyance, one has an experience in which one faces death. One arrives at the gates of death. I have often emphasized this from other sources: one learns to recognize what happens to a human being when they pass through the gates of death. You cannot attain clairvoyance without going through this serious, powerful moment, which occultists describe as standing at the gates of death.

But you learn something else as well. I have already pointed this out in a series of lectures in Munich, but from a different angle. Namely, one learns to raise a question in deepest earnestness, a question that is a question of life for spiritual science. One learns to ask the question: Yes, what is the actual situation with us human beings, since we are basically always living in the fluctuating fabric of spiritual beings, which we cannot carry into our physical body without carrying the germ of death into it? Outside, we are always surrounded by imaginations; we are, as it were, inside a sphere of imaginations; but they cannot enter us. What does enter us from these imaginations? Shadow images, reflections, mirror images, as our thoughts, as our ideas. Out there are the full-bodied, real imaginations. They are reflected in us, we experience them in the weakened, shadowy form of our thoughts and ideas. If we were to carry them into ourselves in their fullness, if we were not merely to reflect them, we would be in danger of death at every moment.

What is actually going on here? Nothing less than the fact that we are prevented by the structure of the world from experiencing the spiritual beings and processes that surround us in their fullness. We are protected by the fact that in our ordinary everyday consciousness we are touched only by shadow images of these full spiritual beings. And yet, a whole sum of these imaginations belongs to us, belongs to the forces that are creatively at work in us. In this world of imaginations, the creative forces live within us. We cannot experience them in their original form, only in the shadow form in which they exist as thoughts within us. This can only be achieved if someone takes away from us, in our ordinary experience, this experience of the imaginations that belong to our thoughts. They must be experienced. We cannot experience them; they must be experienced by beings stronger than ourselves, by beings who can bear them in their spiritual-soul organization without being in danger of death. While we think, while we live with our soul, a being must continually rule over us, taking from us the experience of the imaginations that underlie our thoughts and ideas. If you have any thought, anything that you experience in your soul, there is a world of imaginations outside that corresponds to this experience. And a being must rule over you that protects, guards, and watches over you, as it were, that takes from you what you cannot do yourself.

Now we are at a point where we can speak in an even more real sense than before about the beings of the next higher hierarchy, the Angeloi. These beings are, as it were, within reach. We see how they must watch over and protect what we cannot do ourselves. But it can happen, and must happen, for the seer to perceive what I have just said much, much more clearly. This is the case when he goes one step further in his clairvoyance.

Yesterday we mentioned what leads to identifying with the imagination, with the series of images that appear before us. This identification is experienced in such a way that one digests the imagination, so to speak, absorbs it into oneself. As a result, it disappears as an imagination that exists outside of us, but we experience ourselves in it, we are one with it. But things can go even further. I will begin with a description of the subjective experience. Yesterday I said that one arrives at what I have repeatedly described when one immerses oneself in meditation, in concentration. One then experiences a series of images with which one can identify. I already mentioned yesterday that when one has evoked such a series of images through meditation and concentration, when one has attempted to crawl into this series of images, so to speak, then the occult reading and hearing, the actual perception of the spiritual entity of the dead person one is seeking, does not necessarily occur immediately. It can break off, like a process in a dream breaks off, and later what is supposed to happen as a consequence can occur.

But if one continues further and further, if one has the necessary patience and perseverance to advance in one's occult development through meditation and concentration, then one experiences the process in yet another way. One can experience it in the following manner: One sets oneself the task of observing a being or a process in the spiritual world. You enter into meditation and concentration. You withdraw from your physical body and enter a state where the contents of your soul, which you have brought forth through meditation, flow out, where you feel the transition and notice that it is becoming dark, as it were. What you have brought forth in your soul flows out, and out of the undefined emerges a series of images, more vivid, much more vivid than dreams.

Now you are consciously facing the series of images. And when you know that you are facing this series of images, you consciously submerge yourself. By submerging yourself, the moment can come again when you know: Yes, you have now identified with the series of images, you have become one with it, you are inside it. But you no longer feel yourself, you feel as if you are sinking into the universe, into the cosmos, you feel as if you are in the general nothingness within it. You have identified yourself, completely erased the series of images, and have nothing in their place. But through the practice of meditation, you must gain the strength not to despair, not to give up, not to believe that you are now dissolving into nothingness. You have the confidence that you will not succumb to the feeling of complete abandonment, which you could easily do. In short, you dive into the general cosmos as if swimming into nothingness. And then it is as if you woke up, but not from sleep, but from something fully conscious. The moment you wake up, you know: That was not a sleep you were in. You did not experience it in the same way as you experience the emptiness of consciousness during sleep. It was something else. Something happened in the meantime, something you were part of. And now you've woken up again. Now these events that you couldn't fully experience consciously are entering your consciousness, but afterwards you know exactly that you experienced them. It's like a memory. You remember something that you didn't go through with your ordinary self, but that you experienced in such a way that you were lifted out of your ordinary self. And now, when it enters your consciousness, you experience what you set out to do, what you were heading for, what you set yourself the task of seeing. Now you know that you have lived through something, you might say lived through it thinking—“thinking” has a much higher meaning here than in the physical realm—you have lived through something thinking. But no matter how developed you are as a human being, what you can be as a human being cannot experience what you went through while you were, as it were, submerged in relative nothingness. A human being cannot think this through, cannot live through it thinking. That is why, in the time between submerging and re-emerging, another being had to take over the function of thinking for you, thinking inside you. You cannot think for yourself. You can only remember afterwards what this being, the angelic being, thought within you. You know that in the meantime you were interwoven with your angelic being, which thought for you while your consciousness was suppressed. Now you wake up and remember with your ordinary thought experience what the angel experienced and thought within you.

That is the process. This is how one usually gains experiences of a spiritual nature, such as those we have often spoken about. One gains them in such a way that one knows one must first enter a state in which a being of the next higher hierarchy enters one, identifies itself with one, so that what one could not do in one's own weakness, one is able to do through the being of the next higher hierarchy resting in one, but with one's consciousness suppressed. It must not be experienced in reality at first, but only afterwards in memory, in full self-consciousness.

This means that the spiritual experiences that are granted to us are actually experienced at a certain time and become conscious to us at another time. For example, when I experienced something like what I told you about our dear friend Christian Morgenstern, you had a real experience. Of course, it only becomes conscious after the experience, because during the experience a being from the next higher hierarchy had to take over the function of knowledge.

Again, you can consider why this must be so. If we were to first bring into our own organism what a being of the higher hierarchy experiences within us, we would not only kill our own organism, but we would also destroy its organization, breaking it down into its atoms. We would not only cause its death, but at the same time its combustion.

Now you see again that clairvoyance connects us with what we call the gate of death. One can say that one can only really see what death is, what death means, by rising to the soul moods that emerge through the experiences described. For in this way one grasps human individuality outside the physical body, and one then knows how it must immediately be taken up into the bosom of the beings of the higher hierarchies outside the physical body, so that it does not become destructive or deadly to one's own being on the physical plane. And the feeling of the human soul resting in the bosom of a being of the higher hierarchies becomes real, infinitely real. Now we begin to know what it is like beyond death. We know that here on earth we are surrounded by the mineral, plant, animal, and human kingdoms. Beyond death, we enter the bosom of the higher hierarchies, to whose environment we belong just as we belong here to the environment of the physical beings that surround us. A certain feeling of belonging with the beings of the higher hierarchies takes hold in our soul. We can permeate ourselves with this feeling. And we learn to know that a true penetration into the spiritual worlds is not possible without bringing with us certain feelings that can be called religious-pious feelings, feelings of devotion to the higher spiritual world.

The feelings I have just described are so nuanced that they evoke a certain mood of the soul. This mood of the soul, which I can only describe as a feeling of resting in the bosom of spiritual beings, is necessary for the real experience of the spiritual worlds, just as in the physical human world, in order to communicate with other people, it is necessary to produce an “I” through the larynx and other speech organs. What makes it possible in ordinary human language to produce an “I” is, in the higher worlds, the soul feeling that flows from devotion. The experience of this kind of devotion is one of the vowels of the higher worlds. And one cannot perceive, read, or hear anything in the higher worlds unless one can, as it were, hold out this soul mood—and then wait to see what the beings of the higher worlds have to communicate, because one is offering them this soul mood. The vocalism of the cosmos is composed of such moods of the soul, of such a way of facing the higher worlds.

So, if you have the feeling that you are surrounded by a world, but you cannot live in this world with your weak human powers, then what surrounds you while you live in your physical body can only be perceived in the shadow images of your thoughts and ideas, or, better said, reflected from within you; you cannot directly experience these imaginations. that must be taken away from you in ordinary life by the angelic being that protects you—if you feel this inwardly with the necessary tone of inner piety, then you have the ability to perceive one of the vowels of the spiritual world.

The next stage depends on developing something that I have already hinted at in my book “The Threshold of the Spiritual World.” One lives, as I have described there, into the spiritual world. The process shows that one comes out of oneself, as it were, and identifies with something else. But that is not enough, not by any means. It is necessary not only to be able to identify with other beings, but also to be able to transform oneself into other beings, so that one does not merely remain what one was when one stepped out of oneself, but is able to transform oneself into other beings, so that one can truly become what one enters into.

A good preparation for this is to practice again and again a loving interest in everything that surrounds us in the world. It is impossible to say how infinitely significant it is for the budding occultist to see more and more that loving interest in everything that surrounds us in the world is awakening. Unfortunately, this is a phrase that is not usually taken deeply enough, which is why so little success is often achieved in occultism. It is only natural that people are generally only interested in themselves with the necessary intensity. Even if one does not want to believe it and gives it another name, one is most interested in oneself and least interested in anything else.

Now, however, it must also be said that the structure of the universe ensures that we must always be interested in ourselves. We really have to make an effort not to be constantly interested in ourselves. For, isn't it true that life on the physical plane brings with it an interest in oneself? I will disregard the fact that, of course, when one is struck by an illness and this or that hurts or is not right, one naturally takes an interest in oneself. That is in order; one cannot help but be interested in oneself. Even in such a case, it could be achieved through effort not to be interested in oneself, but that is extremely difficult. It could be that you are struck by an illness and are not particularly interested in the fact that you have this illness, that you are, in fact, completely indifferent to the fact that you have this illness, but that you are interested in how something like this could arise from the entire cosmos, how this process works. One may be interested in the fact that something occurs at a point in the cosmos that lies within one's own skin, so that one is as interested in a serious illness as one is in something outside oneself.

You will admit that what I have described is quite difficult. And so it is with most things that one experiences on the physical plane. It is very difficult to take even the most ordinary things that our senses experience and that our thinking experiences and look at them as if we were standing outside ourselves and observing them as objects. But that is precisely what one must try to do; it is only because it is so enormously difficult that it is not usually attempted. Those who conscientiously and eagerly perform the exercises described in the book “How to Know Higher Worlds” will gradually attain, to a certain degree, the point of view just described. You will only reach it by roundabout means, because it is infinitely difficult. But you will reach it to a certain degree, namely to the same extent that your interest in yourself diminishes, so that you are no longer an interesting subject, but only an interesting object. You can be that, it does no harm; it is even very useful to be interested in yourself when you have become an object. But one must not confuse the objectification of one's own subject with the subject itself.

To the same extent that one begins to become an object, one begins to take an interest in everything that is outside oneself, everything that is around oneself. Then you really gain a loving, interested devotion to the world and its manifestations. And if you develop this loving devotion to the world and its manifestations more and more, then this mood can reach the degree necessary in the soul for you to step out of yourself and transform yourself into other beings, to metamorphose. You gradually attain the ability to do this. But in order for this loving devotion to be possible—such things are really difficult for the human soul—you must try to find all kinds of support.

Today I want to mention one that can help you. One can begin by using the physical world, which is given to us in the first place, as an occasion for a kind of occult reading. I have often used an image, and it is good to start from this image. When we stand before a person and look at their face, we are aware that what the eye sees, these boundaries, these lines of skin, are not what matters. What matters is the soul that lives behind this physiognomic expression. And if one were to reproduce the physiognomic lines in papier-mâché, the lines would not be what matters; what matters is the soul that gives the lines their form. In this way, one can also look at what surrounds us in external nature as if it were an external physiognomy. Materialistic researchers and ordinary people approach things in external nature as if they were studying only the external form of a human being. It is as if one were to say of a human being: What is inside him is wishy-washy, it is just the complicated superstition of fantasists. I am only interested in the forms that can be precisely measured and examined. This is how ordinary people examine external nature. But one can say: Just as it is obvious to see the human face as an expression, as the physiognomy of the soul, so one can also see the whole of external nature not only as it usually appears, but as the physiognomy of what lies behind it as spiritual beings. And here it is good to look at the whole animal world as the physiognomy of nature.

Now, however, further study of the mind is needed in order to see in animals not what one usually sees, but something that can be described as follows: The eagle flies in the air and rises toward the sun; this is the direction upward, into the heights, into the spiritual worlds. I want to look at the eagle as the symbol of rising up into the spiritual worlds. Behind the human skull, I see thoughts that, like eagles, soar upward into the spiritual worlds with a sense of foreboding. I see how this striving upward is expressed in the upward-soaring eagle, just as the human soul is expressed in physiognomy. The eagle belongs to the physiognomy of outer nature. In the upward-flying eagle, I sense something that resembles the forehead in human physiognomy.

I look at the bull lying there ruminating, bound to physical nature, to earthly matter, living in his element, so to speak, only when he is completely absorbed in digestion, remaining connected in all his life processes to what he takes from the earth. It seems earthbound to me. I look at the human being and feel in my mind: there is also something earthbound, but it is kept in balance by the eagle-like. The bull-like does not come to the fore. I sense how the bullish nature is inherent in human beings, but it does not come to the fore in the same way as the bullish nature I encounter outside. Physiognomically, the bullish, earthbound nature of external nature becomes human.

The same is true of the lion-like nature. Physiognomically, the human heart is what the lion is in external nature. And so it can be for the entire higher and lower animal world. Those who have related to the human soul have given us an image, a symbol: the eagle, the bull, and the lion. They have tried to read what is written for us in the outer animal world and to discern from it, in individual letters, individual characters, that which is experienced together in the human being. In short, one could say: the physiognomy of nature is the animal world.

But we are not only interested in the physiognomy of human beings. When we try to delve more deeply into the soul, we are interested in what we call facial expressions, i.e., what arises when physiognomy comes into motion. Here we are, as it were, even closer to the soul that we perceive through facial expressions than to the soul that we perceive only through physiognomy. And again, we can also seek out in external nature that which is the facial expression of the spiritual world behind it, if we look at the plant world in a similar way to how we have looked at the animal world. When we observe the plant world in its blossoming in spring, in all that it does throughout the summer, how on the one hand the earth sends it forth, how on the other hand the forces of the spheres penetrate it and draw out the living life that appears in the infinite nuances of the blossoming of plants, growth and greening with their swarming and weaving, when we look at them in this way and relate them to an underlying spiritual being of the cosmos, just as we relate the facial expressions of human beings to their souls, then we have again done something that we should practice. So that we can say: The expression of nature is the plant world.

What we observe further in the soul, beyond facial expressions, are gestures, movements flowing out of the soul. Just as we can describe the animal world as the physiognomy of nature and the plant world as the expression of nature, we can regard the forms of the mineral world as the gestures of nature, as the gestures of nature. And for those who wish to practice occult reading and occult hearing in detail, one of the most beautiful experiences is to experience the mineral world in such a way that they gradually acquire the infinitely varied gestures of the spiritual beings of nature in the form of the boundary surfaces and their peculiar relationship to the outer cosmos, in the translucency, in the transparency, in the crystalline clarity of rock crystal, quartz, calcite, emerald, and chrysoprase, gradually acquire the infinitely varied gestures of the spiritual beings of nature.

When one does such exercises, when one reaches the point where one can truly experience in the otherwise dead realm of stones that which is expressed through this dead realm, and which is like a soul expressing in living gestures that which lives within it, when one practices in this way, then one comes to one's aid in gaining a loving interest in all beings other than oneself. Then you gradually rise to such a phase, such a state of development, in which it becomes possible — if you acquire clairvoyance — to transform yourself into the beings outside. You realize that you have the power within you to transform yourself into the beings outside. You can transform yourself into all other human beings. In this respect, human beings are capable of infinite metamorphoses, but it must be practised in the manner described.

Now we can raise another question. But before I do so, I would like to emphasize the emotional element of what I have discussed. Does the first thing I mentioned lead us to a mood toward the hierarchies, to the awareness that “you are protected,” to a feeling permeated with piety? so does the feeling that one can transform oneself into the most diverse beings lead us to hold the humanity of human beings in high esteem, to truly appreciate them in their full dignity, but the humanity that one does not have within oneself in the physical world, but which one only finds when one becomes someone else. If one truly attains the feeling of transformability, it cannot lead to arrogance, for every single transformation tells one that one is not worth as much as the being into which one must first transform. Having the feeling of transformability leads one to become humble. A feeling of deepest religious humility is connected with the feeling of transformability.

But we can raise another question: We call forth these powers of transformation from within ourselves; are they not therefore constantly present within us? Yes, these powers are always within us. Just as the powers of imagination are always within us, but we must call them forth in order to perceive spiritual beings, so too are the powers of transformation always within us. Only in order to be conscious of them do we have to develop them in the manner described. At every moment, we are not only ourselves, but also every other being; we simply do not develop into them because we do not expand our consciousness to include other beings. Why is this so? This becomes clearest when we consider one of the cases in life where a person on the ordinary physical plane transforms into another being.

It does happen on the physical plane that we use the forces that are otherwise the forces of transformation. We use them without being aware of it. We use them every time we wrong our fellow human beings by unjustifiably making our own will lord over others. It starts with lying to others. By lying, we inflict something wrong upon them. We gain a certain power over them because the lie continues to work in the other person.

The same is true when you do something evil. The forces with which you do something evil in the world are these forces of transformation, only applied in the wrong place. All evil in the world is the unlawful application of these forces of transformation. It truly allows us to gain deep insights into the mystery of existence when we know where the injustice, evil, crime, and calamity that occur in the world come from. This is what causes human beings to use the best and most sacred forces that exist, namely the forces of transformation, in the wrong way. There would be no evil in the world if it were not for the most sacred powers of transformation. I once pointed out in a public lecture that evil is a perverted application of forces which, when applied in their proper place, would lead to the highest good. This mood in the human soul: I know that there is something in the soul that can transform itself into all other human beings and beings on the one hand, and into egoism on the other. This mood must be counterposed to the cosmos if one wants to hear spiritually. This is a second vowel. The mood one can have toward the mystery of evil, as I have now explained, is the third vowel, that is, what one experiences when one knows what can make a person evil. When one knows this mystery, that it is the highest forces that are applied in the wrong way in evil, then one has the mood of a third cosmic vowel. One must experience such moods of the soul; that is what matters.

So today we have spoken of three cosmic vowels. We will speak of other vowels tomorrow. Today I first had to explain the principle that is essential for us to establish that inner kinship with the cosmos in our inner experience, whereby we become listeners and readers of what is happening outside in the spiritual world through the devotion of our own soul forces.